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           表 4 各类 ACEs 子变量对自评健康状况影响的有序 Logistic 回归分析               (12):1507-1510. DOI:10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2019.12.01.
           Table 4 Ordinal logistic regression analysis of the association of various   LIU Y Z,LIU Y Y,ZHAO J P. Healthy humanities:values in
           types of events related to adverse childhood experiences with self-rated   advancing Healthy China Action(2019—2030)[J]. Chinese
           health in Chinese older people
                                                                   Medical Ethics,2019,32(12):1507-1510. DOI:10.12026/j.
                          模型 1                 模型 2
                                                                   issn.1001-8565.2019.12.01.
             变量   Wald                 Wald                    [2]王志宏,张兵,丁钢强 . 深入研究全生命周期健康影响因素,助
                   2
                                        2
                  χ 值  P 值  OR(95%CI)  χ 值  P 值  OR(95%CI)
                                                                   力老龄化科技应对[J]. 卫生研究,2021,50(1):1. DOI:
           父母离婚   4.12  0.042 1.685(1.019,2.788) 4.08  0.044 1.679(1.015,2.779)
                                                                   10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.01.001.
           父母暴力   4.58  0.032 1.246(1.019,1.524) 5.71  0.017 1.280(1.045,1.567)
                                                               [3]FORD  D,MERRICK  M,PARKS  S,et  al.  Examination  of
           父母抑郁 79.57 <0.001 1.636(1.469,1.823) 70.56 <0.001 1.592(1.428,1.774)  the factorial structure of adverse childhood experiences and
           父母残疾 91.78 <0.001 1.673(1.506,1.859) 89.87 <0.001 1.666(1.499,1.852)  recommendations for three subscale scores[J]. Psychol Violence,
            成长环   20.07 <0.001 1.462(1.238,1.726) 15.92 <0.001 1.403(1.188,1.658)  2014,4(4):432-444. DOI:10.1037/a0037723.
            境危险                                                [4]PETRUCCELLI K,DAVIS J,BERMAN T. Adverse childhood
           童年孤独 50.69 <0.001 1.493(1.337,1.667) 44.89 <0.001 1.461(1.307,1.632)  experiences and associated health outcomes:a systematic review
           童年饥饿 15.76 <0.001 1.233(1.112,1.367) 15.13 <0.001 1.229(1.108,1.364)  and meta-analysis[J]. Child Abuse Negl,2019,97:104-127.
             霸凌   14.14 <0.001 1.204(1.093,1.326) 23.14 <0.001 1.271(1.153,1.401)  DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104127.
              注:模型 2 的校正因素为年龄、性别、居住地点                          [5]HUGHES K,BELLIS M,HARDCASTLE K A,et al. The effect
                                                                   of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health:a systematic
           评健康结局     [19] 。本研究结果显示,童年饥饿对自评健                        review and meta-analysis[J]. Lancet Public Health,2017,2(8):
           康有负性影响,可能与其导致老年时期的心血管疾病、                                e356-366. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4.
           抑郁、认知障碍和衰弱综合征有关               [22-23] 。童年时遭遇        [6]GANNA  A,INGELSSON  E.  5  year  mortality  predictors  in
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           霸凌会即刻对童年时期健康产生消极评价                      ,并进一
                                                                   study[J]. Lancet,2015,386(9993):533-540. DOI:
           步延伸至老年时期。总体而言,老年人自评健康状况不
                                                                   10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60175-1.
           容乐观,需要多措并举,将干预措施提前到生命早期,                            [7]LIN Y H,CHEN H C,HSU N W,et al. Validation of global self-
           减少 ACEs 事件的发生率。                                         rated health and happiness measures among older people in the Yilan
                本研究尚存在以下不足:(1)ACEs 国际量表里                           study,Taiwan[J]. Front Public Health,2020,8:346. DOI:
           规定受访者为 18 岁以内的人群,但是本研究使用的                               10.3389/fpubh.2020.00346.
           CHARLS 数据库只调查了受访者 17 周岁以前的经历,                       [8]石亦飞 . 我国老年人自评健康影响因素分析[D]. 昆明:云南
                                                                   财经大学,2020.
           会遗漏少量潜在的 ACEs 样本;(2)由于 ACEs 和自评
                                                               [9]SONG X,WU J,YU C,et al. Association between multiple
           健康的相关影响因素众多,本研究中可能还有少量的潜
                                                                   comorbidities and self-rated health status in middle-aged and elderly
           在变量未被发现;(3)ACEs 是受访者对过去经历的回                             Chinese:the China Kadoorie Biobank study[J]. BMC Public
           忆,可能受当前现状的影响,存在一定的回忆偏倚,未                                Health,2018,18(1):744. DOI:10.1186/s12889-018-5632-1.
           来需要在我国开展前瞻性 ACEs 研究。                                [10]HASELI-MASHHADI N,PAN A,YE X,et al. Self-rated health
               综上所述,本研究认为父母间关系、父母身体和精                               in middle-aged and elderly Chinese:distribution,determinants
           神的健康、安全的成长环境、充足的食物保障有着长远                                 and associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors[J]. BMC
                                                                    Public Health,2009,9:368. DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-9-368.
           的影响,与老年时期自评健康明显相关,需要社会更多
                                                               [11]WANG D. Effect of family-related adverse childhood experiences on
           地关注ACEs,提高老年自评健康结果,促进健康老龄化。
                                                                    self-rated health in childhood and adulthood:childhood friendships
               志谢:感谢北京大学国家发展研究院和北京大学中                               as moderator[J]. SSM Popul Health,2021,14:100762. DOI:
           国社会科学调查中心提供 CHARLS 数据。                                   10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100762.
               作者贡献:陆伟伟、陆志辉、张键共同进行文章构                          [12]WANG D,ZHAO Y. The relationship between adverse family
           思与设计;陆伟伟撰写论文初稿;陆志辉参与研究的可                                 experiences during childhood and self-rated health outcome in
           行性分析;黄怡茗、吴晓琼进行数据收集和整理;陆伟                                 adulthood[J]. Soc Work Public Health,2021,37(4):342-
                                                                    355. DOI:10.1080/19371918.2021.2013384.
           伟进行英文修订;陆伟伟、付腾飞进行统计分析和结果
                                                               [13]FORD D,MERRICK M,PARKS S,et al. Examination of
           分析;付腾飞进行论文修订;陆伟伟、张键负责文章质
                                                                    the factorial structure of adverse childhood experiences and
           量控制;张键对文章整体负责。
                                                                    recommendations for three subscale scores[J]. Psychol Violence,
               本文无利益冲突。                                             2014,4(4):432-444. DOI:10.1037/a0037723.
           参考文献                                                [14]SONU S,POST S,FEINGLASS J. Adverse childhood experiences
           [1]刘云章,刘于媛,赵金萍 . 健康人文:在推进《健康中国行动                         and the onset of chronic disease in young adulthood[J]. Prev
               (2019—2030)年》中的价值[J]. 中国医学伦理学,2019,32                Med,2019,123:163-170. DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.032.
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