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儿童期不良经历对中国老年人自评健康的影响研究
陆伟伟,陆志辉,黄怡茗,吴晓琼,付腾飞,张键 * 扫描二维码
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【摘要】 背景 儿童期不良经历(ACEs)对中老年慢性病的影响已成为研究热点,但 ACEs 对老年时期自评
健康的影响尚不明确,尤其是以我国人群为样本的研究鲜有报道。目的 探索我国老年人群的自评健康状况,研究
ACEs对老年时期自评健康的影响。方法 于2021年10月申请获取北京大学发布的中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)
2014 年和 2018 年中≥ 60 岁受试者(n=7 579)的 ACEs 与自评健康数据。提取的 ACEs 共 10 种,按照事件发生数
量分为高危组(≥ 4 种)、低危组(1~3 种)、零 ACE 组(0 种),自评健康状况分为好、中、差 3 级。采用有序
Logistic 回归模型分析 ACEs 分组和 ACEs 种类对自评健康的影响。结果 7 579 例研究对象中,分别有 1 672 例(22.06%)、
4 474 例(59.03%)、1 433 例(18.91%)自评健康状况为好、一般、差;1 922 例(25.36%)经历过≥ 4 种 ACEs(高
危组),5 283 例(69.71%)经历过 1~3 种 ACEs(低危组),374 例(4.93%)未经历过 ACEs(零 ACE 组)。不同年
龄、性别、居住地点、ACEs 种类(父母离婚、父母暴力、父母抑郁、父母残疾、成长环境危险、童年孤独、童年饥饿、
霸凌)、ACEs 分组的研究对象自评健康状况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素有序 Logistic 回归结果显示,
低危 ACEs 组导致更差的自评健康等级是零 ACEs 组的 1.358 倍〔95%CI(1.110,1.663)〕,高危 ACEs 组导致更差的
自评健康等级是零 ACEs 组的 2.151 倍〔95%CI(1.735,2.667)〕(P<0.05)。有序 Logistic 回归结果显示,父母离婚、
父母暴力、父母抑郁、父母残疾、成长环境危险、童年孤独、童年饥饿、霸凌是导致自评健康更差的因素(P<0.05);
校正年龄、性别、居住地点因素后的统计结果保持不变。结论 我国老年人自评健康状况整体尚可,未来可通过对经
历过父母离婚、父母暴力、父母抑郁和残疾、不安全的成长环境、童年孤独、童年饥饿、霸凌者进行干预,以改善老
年期自评健康结果,促进健康老龄化。
【关键词】 老年人;童年不良经历;老年人身心健康评价;CHARLS 数据库;影响因素分析
【中图分类号】 R 749.42 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0379
陆伟伟,陆志辉,黄怡茗,等. 儿童期不良经历对中国老年人自评健康的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(25):
3101-3106.[www.chinagp.net]
LU W W,LU Z H,HUANG Y M,et al. Association of adverse childhood experiences with self-rated health among
Chinese elderly people[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(25):3101-3106.
Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Self-rated Health among Chinese Elderly People LU Weiwei,LU
Zhihui,HUANG Yiming,WU Xiaoqiong,FU Tengfei,ZHANG Jian *
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China
*
Corresponding author:ZHANG Jian,Chief physician,Professor,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:zhang.jian@zs-hospital.sh.cn
【Abstract】 Background The association of adverse childhood experiences(ACEs) with chronic disease prevalence
among middle-aged and elderly people has become a research hot spot,but the association between ACEs and self-rated health
in older people is still unclear,and relevant studies in Chinese population are especially rare. Objective To explore self-rated
health in Chinese elderly people,and its association with ACEs. Methods The study was conducted in October 2021. Data
about ACEs and self-rated health were acquired by applying from the 2014 and 2018 waves of CHARLS conducted by Peking
University,involving 7 579 older people(≥ 60 years old). The ACEs were stratified into three groups by the times of ACEs
events(10 kinds in total):high-risk(4 or more),low-risk(1-3),and reference(zero). The self-rated health was
divided into three levels:good,fair and poor. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of self-rated health
with the number and types of ACEs events. Results Among the participants, the prevalence of good,fair and poor self-
rated health was 22.06%(1 672/7 579),59.03%(4 474/7 579),and 18.91%(1 433/7 579),respectively,and the
基金项目:2020 年国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008703)——主动健康和老龄化科技应对重点专项;上海市临床重点专科项
目(shslczdzk02703)
200032 上海市,复旦大学附属中山医院康复医学科
*
通信作者:张键,主任医师,教授,博士生导师;E-mail:zhang.jian@zs-hospital.sh.cn
本文数字出版日期:2022-07-15