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·论著·糖尿病并发症研究·
糖尿病视网膜病变患者就诊延迟情况及
就诊时间的影响因素分析
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褚海琳,任永霞 * 查看原文
【摘要】 背景 糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)可造成视力下降、视野缺损、玻璃体积血甚至失明,但目前关于 DR
患者就诊延迟的研究报道较少。目的 分析 DR 患者就诊延迟情况及就诊时间的影响因素。方法 选择天津市眼科医
院 2018 年 1—5 月收治的 DR 患者作为研究对象,采用无记名问卷调查法进行现场调查,分析其就诊时间及就诊延迟
情况(就诊时间 >5 年定义为就诊延迟);DR 患者就诊延迟的影响因素分析采用多元有序 Logistic 回归分析(逐步法)。
结果 共发放调查问卷 127 份,回收有效问卷 120 份,有效问卷回收率为 94.5%。最终纳入的 120 例 DR 患者中就诊
时间 <1 年者 9 例,1~2 年者 11 例,3~5 年者 17 例,>5 年者 83 例,就诊延迟率为 69.1%(83/120)。不同文化程度、
月收入、居住地、糖尿病病程、视力、糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)分级、血糖监测情况及有无高血压的 DR 患者就诊
时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元有序Logistic回归分析结果显示,居住地〔OR=3.395,95%CI(1.362,7.053)〕、
视力〔OR=1.526,95%CI(1.086,2.775)〕、高血压发生情况〔OR=1.307,95%CI(1.002,5.376)〕、DME 分级〔OR=5.537,
95%CI(1.897,9.534)〕、血糖监测情况〔OR=2.582,95%CI(1.271,6.882)〕是 DR 患者就诊时间的影响因素(P<0.05)。
结论 DR 患者就诊延迟率较高,而居住地、视力、高血压发生情况、DME 分级、血糖监测情况是 DR 患者就诊时间
的影响因素。
【关键词】 糖尿病视网膜病变;影响因素分析;门诊医疗;就诊延迟
【中图分类号】 R 587.26 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.078
褚海琳,任永霞 . 糖尿病视网膜病变患者就诊延迟情况及就诊时间的影响因素分析[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,
25(12):1470-1474. [www.chinagp.net]
CHU H L,REN Y X. Influencing factors of delayed healthcare-seeking and visiting time in patients with diabetic
retinopathy[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(12):1470-1474.
Influencing Factors of Delayed Healthcare-seeking and Visiting Time in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy CHU
Hailin,REN Yongxia *
Tianjin Eye Hospital,Tianjin 300022,China
*
Corresponding author:REN Yongxia,Associate chief nurse;E-mail:ryx2002@163.com
【Abstract】 Background Diabetic retinopathy(DR)may cause vision loss,visual field defects,vitreous
hemorrhage,and even blindness. However,there are few reports about delayed healthcare-seeking in patients with DR.
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of delayed healthcare-seeking and visiting time in DR patients. Methods DR
patients were recruited from Tianjin Eye Hospital from January to May 2018,to attend an anonymous questionnaire survey for
understanding their healthcare-seeking status,and delay in healthcare-seeking(taking visiting time over 5 years as delayed
healthcare-seeking). Influencing factors of delayed healthcare-seeking were explored using multinomial ordinal Logistic
regression analysis with the stepwise method. Results The survey achieved a response rate of 94.5%(120/127). Among the
120 respondents,the visiting time was less than 1 year in 9 cases,1 to 2 years in 11 cases,3 to 5 years in 17 cases,and over 5
years in 83 cases;the prevalence of delayed healthcare-seeking was 69.1%(83/120). The visiting time differed significantly by
educational level,monthly income,place of residence,course of diabetes,vision,classification of diabetic macular edema,
status of blood glucose monitoring,and prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05). Multinomial ordinal Logistic regression analysis
with the stepwise method showed that,place of residence〔OR=3.395,95%CI(1.362,7.053)〕,vision〔OR=1.526,
95%CI(1.086,2.775)〕,prevalence of hypertension〔OR=1.307,95%CI(1.002,5.376)〕,classification of diabetic
macular edema〔OR=5.537,95%CI(1.897,9.534)〕and status of blood glucose monitoring〔OR=2.582,95%CI(1.271,
300022 天津市眼科医院
*
通信作者:任永霞,副主任护师;E-mail:ryx2002@163.com
本文数字出版日期:2022-03-03