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           社区全科门诊慢性病患者参与治疗决策现状

           及影响因素研究

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           马文翰 ,白雪霏 ,陈照娟             1,2 ,赵亚利   1*                                             查看原文
               【摘要】 背景 社区全科门诊在满足慢性病患者医疗需求方面面临日益复杂的挑战。同时以合作、彼此尊重为
           基础的医患共同决策(SDM)正逐步成为主流医疗决策模式。将 SDM 模式引入社区慢性病诊疗中,对于改善慢性病
           患者健康结局、提高其满意度具有重要意义。目的 了解社区全科门诊慢性病患者参与治疗决策的现状和程度,并分
           析影响其参与治疗决策的因素,旨在为推动基层医疗卫生机构 SDM 的实施提供参考依据。方法 采用整群抽样法,
           选取北京市双榆树社区全科门诊 7 名全科医生及其于 2019 年 10 月至 2020 年 1 月接诊的 149 例慢性病患者为研究对
           象。通过现场非参与观察,采用中文版患者参与医疗决策量表 -5(OPTION-5)评估医疗咨询过程中全科医生促进患
           者参与治疗决策的程度,并采集患者个人特征、就诊与患病情况方面的信息及全科医生的一般资料。比较不同特征社
           区全科门诊慢性病患者 OPTION-5 得分情况,采用多重线性回归探讨影响其参与治疗决策的因素。结果 149 例慢性
           病患者平均就诊时长为(4.1±2.7)min;OPTION-5 中位得分为 6.00(3.00)分。不同年龄、就诊时长的慢性病患者
           OPTION-5 得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示:就诊时长、就诊咨询时是否被他
           人打断、家属是否陪同就诊是社区全科门诊慢性病患者参与治疗决策的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 社区全科门诊慢
           性病患者参与治疗决策的程度较低。延长诊疗过程中的医患沟通时间,确保诊疗过程不被打断,以及诊疗时给予患者
           一个私密的空间,可能是提高社区全科门诊慢性病患者参与治疗决策程度的可行措施。
               【关键词】 共同决策;医生病人关系;社区卫生服务;全科医生;慢性病
               【中图分类号】 R 395 R 197.1 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.312
               马文翰,白雪霏,陈照娟,等 . 社区全科门诊慢性病患者参与治疗决策现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中国全科医学,
           2022,25(10):1206-1212.[www.chinagp.net]
               MA W H,BAI X F,CHEN Z J,et al. Chronic disease patients involved in shared-decision making in general outpatient
           care in the community: current status and associated factors[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(10):1206-1212.

           Chronic Disease Patients Involved in Shared-decision Making in General Outpatient Care in the Community:Current
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           Status and Associated Factors MA Wenhan ,BAI Xuefei ,CHEN Zhaojuan 1,2 ,ZHAO Yali 1*
           1.School of General Practice and Continuing Education,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
           2.Haidian District Shuangyushu Community Health Center,Beijing 100086,China
           *
           Corresponding author:ZHAO Yali,Associate professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:zylnmtb@ccmu.edu.cn
               【Abstract】 Background The general practice clinic in community health centers is facing increasingly complex
           challenges to meet the medical needs of patients with chronic diseases. To improve chronic disease patients' health outcome and
           healthcare satisfaction,it will be of great significance to use shared decision-making(SDM) in the diagnostic and therapeutic
           process in the community,since SDM is a model based on doctor-patient mutual respect and cooperation and shows great promise
           as a possible major medical decision-making model. Objective To understand the status and associated factors of chronic
           disease patients involved in SDM in general outpatient care in the community,aiming to provide evidence for promoting the
           implementation of SDM in primary care. Methods We used cluster sampling to select seven general practitioners(GPs)in
           the clinic of Shuangyushu Community Health Center,Beijing,and 149 chronic disease patients seen by them between October
           2019 and January 2020 as the participants. Through non-participant observation at the clinic,we used the Chinese version of the
           Observer OPTION 5(OPTION-5)as an assessment tool to evaluate the extent to which GPs facilitated patient participating in
           SDM during the consultation. We used a self-developed general demographic questionnaire to collect patients' demographics,

               1.100069 北京市,首都医科大学全科医学与继续教育学院 2.100086 北京市海淀区双榆树社区卫生服务中心
               *
               通信作者:赵亚利,副教授,硕士生导师;E-mail:zylnmtb@ccmu.edu.cn
               本文数字出版日期:2022-01-27
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