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using the General Information Questionnaire developed by us,and the PCPCM-C. Then the PCPCM-C was revised in accordance
with the survey results,and the assessment results by 10 Chinese professionals(public health managers,general practice experts
and administrators of primary care settings)invited nationwide. After that,the PCPCM-C was analyzed using item,reliability and
validity analyses. Results Altogether,683 cases who handed in responsive questionnaires were included for final analysis. The
item-total correlation coefficients of the scale ranged from 0.843 to 0.923(P<0.001). The CR values of items ranged from 28.270
to 36.055(P<0.001). Leave-one-out analysis demonstrated that the Cronbach's α of the PCPCM-C ranged from 0.970 to 0.973
(<0.974). The reliability analysis of the Cronbach's α,Guttman Split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability of the PCPCM-C
was 0.974,0.952,and 0.874,respectively. The inter-item correlation coefficients ranged from 0.667 to 0.913. The test-retest
reliability of every item ranged from 0.724 to 0.886. The expert evaluation showed that content validity index(CVI)of every item was
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0.800-1.000,the S-CVI/UA was 0.818,and the S-CVI/Ave was 0.973,the K was 0.79-1.00. The value of KMO(0.960)and
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result of Bartlett's test of sphericity(χ =4 538.461,P<0.001)derived from the exploratory factor analysis,suggested that the data
sample was appropriate for factor analysis. One common factor with an eigenvalue >1.000 was extracted,and the cumulative variance
explained by which was 78.715%,with the load value of each item of 0.826-0.925. The results of confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)
showed that the fitting indicators of the initial model were undesirable. After the establishment of a covariance correlation between
error variables e1 and e2,e3 and e9,and e10 and e11 according to the indication,the fitting indicators of the model were modified
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to be acceptable(modified CMIN:χ /df=2.983,GFI=0.934,AGFI=0.894,RMSEA=0.081,NFI=0.966,RFI=0.954,
IFI=0.977,TLI=0.969,CFI=0.977,standardized regression coefficients ranged from 0.790 to 0.900). The results of known-
group validity analysis showed that the total score of PCPCM-C among patients varied significantly by age,rural or urban hukou,
household monthly income per person,self-rated health,and chronic disease prevalence,and region(P<0.05). Conclusion
This PCPCM-C has proven to be with good psychometric quality in Chinese mainland. But further research is needed to test the cross-
cultural applicability and residents' conceptualization of the scale.
【Key words】 Primary health services;People-centered;Health care quality,access,and evaluation;Community
health services;Scale;Reliability;Validity
构建以人为本的整合型医疗卫生服务体系是我国深 况和就诊体验,还关注基层卫生服务供给的整体性、优
化医药卫生体制改革的重要举措,其中以人为本的基层 先次序和个性化等方面,是用于全面、准确、快速评估
卫生服务是整合型医疗卫生服务体系的重要基石 [1-2] 。 基层卫生服务质量的有力工具 [4] 。目前,PCPCM 的测
医疗卫生服务体系的公平性是健康公平、社会公平的重 量学性能已在多种文化背景下(35 个经济合作与发展
要维度,而以人为本是公平医疗卫生服务体系构建的价 组织成员国)得到验证,并且其已被广泛运用于基层卫
值取向 [1] 。基层医疗卫生机构作为长期为居民提供综 生服务质量评价。虽然诸多研究已证实 PCPCM 具有较
合性、连续性、协调性、可及性、人性化和个体化卫生 好的内部一致性和有效性,但由不同国家学者开展的研
服务的机构,与其他级别的医疗机构相比,更应始终坚 究中,调查对象 PCPCM 总得分及各条目得分情况则存
守以人为本的服务理念 [3] 。总体而言,以人为本是基 在较大差异 [5] 。2020 年,我国香港学者 TSE 等 [6] 获
层卫生服务工作的出发点和落脚点,坚持以人为本则是 得了 ETZ 等 [4] 的授权,按照量表翻译的标准化程序对
提高基层卫生服务质量和水平的重要保证。长期以来, PCPCM 进行翻译、修订,并将 PCPCM 在目标人群中进
较少有研究者从以人为本的视角开发测量工具来对基层 行临床试用,发现中文版 PCPCM 具有良好的内容效度。
卫生服务质量进行评价。 考虑到我国香港地区与内地在经济、文化、社会保障、
为了能够对基层卫生服务质量进行准确、全面的评 医疗体系与卫生体制等方面存在着差异 [7] ,故仍有必
价,美国学者 ETZ 等 [4] 通过对数百名患者、全科医生 要探讨中文版 PCPCM 在内地文化背景和医疗环境下的
和医疗服务支付方(保险公司)进行调查,了解其对基 适用性,但截至目前,中文版 PCPCM 在内地文化背景
层卫生服务价值的理解和看法,并借由专家咨询等方法, 和医疗环境下的适用性与测量学性能尚未见文献报道。
开发了一组简约的患者自评条目,最终于 2019 年正式 本研究选取河南省、上海市、黑龙江省 3 个省份为样本
推出了基层卫生服务质量评价工具——以人为本的基层 来源地,在采用中文版 PCPCM 对至基层医疗卫生机构
卫生服务量表(PCPCM)。接着,在分别对 2、4 组人 就诊的患者进行调查的基础上,评价中文版 PCPCM 的
群进行在线、临床调查的基础上,ETZ 等 [4] 对 PCPCM 信效度,旨在为内地基层卫生服务质量的评价提供简便、
的测量学性能进行了评价,发现 PCPCM 具有良好的信 可靠的工具,进而推动以人为本的整合型医疗卫生服务
效度。PCPCM 不仅关注患者的卫生服务需求被满足情 体系的建设与发展。