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姑息照护患者早期识别工具的研究进展

李春韦 1，2 ，邓仁丽 1，3* ，粟翠 1，2 ，庄碧嗓 1，2 扫描二维码
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【摘要】 尽早识别可能从姑息照护中获益的患者，有助于医疗服务提供者为患者提供针对性的、以患者为中心
的治疗和护理服务，减少患者负性情绪、“无意义”的过度治疗，提高患者及其家属的生活质量。国外学者研发了多
种姑息照护患者早期识别工具，这些工具多由死亡风险相关预测指标和病情恶化早期预警指标构成，部分工具已经历
数次迭代更新并在国际上得到了验证和推广，已被证明可以识别出能从姑息治疗中获益的患者，但其易用性、识别准
确度仍有待提高；国内尚缺乏相关的研究，且识别工具的应用和研发尚处于初步探索阶段。本文以适用疾病和人群为
依据，对国内外姑息照护患者早期识别工具进行分类后，对各工具的主要内容、特点及应用情况等进行综述，并将常
用工具从基本情况和应用状况两方面进行比较分析，以期为本土化识别工具的构建提供借鉴，为准确评估、针对性照
护可从姑息照护中获益的患者提供依据。
【关键词】 临终关怀和姑息治疗护理；晚期疾病；筛查；识别；工具；量表；综述
【中图分类号】 R 473.51 【文献标识码】 A DOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0162
李春韦，邓仁丽，粟翠，等 . 姑息照护患者早期识别工具的研究进展［J］. 中国全科医学，2022，25（25）：
3196-3202.［www.chinagp.net］
LI C W，DENG R L，SU C，et al. Recent advances in tools for early identification of patients with potential palliative care
needs［J］. Chinese General Practice，2022，25（25）：3196-3202.

Recent Advances in Tools for Early Identification of Patients with Potential Palliative Care Needs LI Chunwei 1，2 ，
DENG Renli 1，3* ，SU Cui 1，2 ，ZHUANG Bisang 1，2
1.Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University，Zunyi 563003，China
2.Nursing School of Zunyi Medical University，Zunyi 563003，China
3.Nursing Department，the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University，Zhuhai 519100，China
*
Corresponding author：DENG Renli，Professor，Chief superintendent nurse，Master supervisor；E-mail：690891192@qq.com
【Abstract】 Early recognition of patients who may gain benefits from palliative care will help medical service providers
to provide such patients with targeted，patient-centered care，therebyreducing the provision of meaningless overtreatment，
and improving negative emotional distress and quality of life of patients as well as the quality of life of patients' families. Many
tools developed by foreign scholars for early identifying patients with potential palliative care needs，are mostly consisted of
predictors of death risk and early warning signs of deterioration. In particular，some of them have been iteratively updated during
the process of global application and verification，and could recognize those who could benefit from palliative care，although
their applicability and accuracy levels need to be improved further. In contrast，in China，related research is scarce，and the
development and application of such tools are still in the preliminary stage. In accordance with the classification of applicable
diseases and people，we classified the tools for early identifyingpatients with potential palliative care needs，reviewed their main
contents，characteristics and applications，thenmade a comparative analysis of the common tools in terms of basic essentials and
application，with a view to providing a reference for the development and localization of such tools，and for accurateassessment
and provision of potential palliative care for those who can benefit from such care.
【Key words】 Hospice and palliative care nursing；Advanced diseases；Screening；Identification；Tools；Scales；
Review

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（71663064）
1.563003 贵州省遵义市，遵义医科大学附属医院 2.563003 贵州省遵义市，遵义医科大学护理学院 3.519100 广东省珠海市，
遵义医科大学第五附属（珠海）医院护理部
*
通信作者：邓仁丽，教授，主任护师，硕士生导师；E-mail：690891192@qq.com
本文数字出版日期：2022-03-24