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           降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表编制及信效度检验



           张巾英,李华,刘晓,王黎,彭滟,杨燕妮                     *                                           扫描二维码
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               【摘要】 背景 生活方式因素是认知功能下降及痴呆发生的重要可调控性风险因素,基于科学评估的生活方式
           干预将是医护人员开展痴呆一级预防的重要策略和方向,但目前尚无专用于评估可降低社区居民痴呆患病风险的生活
           方式的工具。目的 编制降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表并检验其信效度,为评估我国社区居民的生活方式是否有利于
           降低痴呆风险提供科学工具。方法 基于健康促进相关理论回顾和文献分析构建量表的条目池,通过专家函询、研究
           小组讨论等方式形成初始版量表。于 2021 年 1 月采用方便抽样法选取 30 例社区中老年人,使用初始版量表进行预调查,
           根据调查结果修订条目后形成修订版量表。于 2021 年 1—10 月,采用方便抽样法选取 506 例社区中老年人,使用修
           订版量表进行大样本测试。通过对全部 506 例样本进行项目分析并筛选条目后,将总样本随机分组为样本 1(n=253)
           和样本 2(n=253),分别进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,最后再次使用总样本进行内部一致性和重测信度检验,
           最终形成正式版量表。结果 正式版降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表包括 32 个条目,通过探索性因子分析提取 8 个公
           因子(健康责任、健脑运动、健脑饮食、脑力活动、控烟行为、人际关系、压力管理、精神成长),累积方差贡献率
                                        2
           为 60.189%,验证性因子分析显示,χ /df=1.657,渐进残差均方和平方根(RMSEA)=0.051,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.852,
           调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.819,规范拟合指数(NFI)=0.743,非规准适配指数(TLI)=0.858,增值适配指数(IFI)
           =0.880,比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.876。总量表的平均内容效度指数为 0.943,Cronbach's α 系数为 0.862,奇偶折半信
           度为 0.909,重测信度为 0.864。结论 本研究编制的降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表具有良好的信度和效度,适用于测
           评社区中老年人降低痴呆风险的生活方式。
               【关键词】 痴呆;生活方式;量表;信度;效度
               【中图分类号】 R 277.7 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0083
               张巾英,李华,刘晓,等 . 降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表编制及信效度检验[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,25(13):
           1595-1602.[www.chinagp.net]
               ZHANG J Y,LI H,LIU X,et al. Development,reliability and validity of the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle
           Scale[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(13):1595-1602.

           Development,Reliability and Validity of the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale ZHANG Jinying,LI Hua,LIU
           Xiao,WANG Li,PENG Yan,YANG Yanni *
           School of Nursing,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China
           *
           Corresponding author:YANG Yanni,Professor,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:yangyan9787@sina.com
               【Abstract】 Background Lifestyle factors are important modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia. The
           lifestyle intervention based on scientific assessment will be an important strategy and an orientation towards the implementation of
           primary prevention of dementia. So far,there is no special instrument to evaluate whether a lifestyle can help to reduce the risk of
           dementia in community-living residents. Objective To develop the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale(DRRLS) and test
           its reliability and validity,providing an instrument for scientifically evaluating whether a lifestyle is conducive to reducing the risk of
           dementia in community-living Chinese residents. Methods The item pool of the DRRLS was created based on the review of related
           theories of health promotion and literature analysis,then was used to form the initial version of the scale after the revision in accordance
           with the results of expert consultations and group discussion. After this,the initial version of the scale was pretested in a convenience
           sample of 30 middle-aged and elderly people in the community in January 2021,and was developed to be a revised version after
           revising items according to the pretest results. Then from January to October,2021,the revised scale was tested in a large convenience
           sample of 506 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly individuals. After screening items using item analysis of the test results
           of all 506 cases,exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out with the test results of two randomly
           subdivided subsamples of the sample,subsample 1(n=253) and subsample 2(n=253),respectively. Finally,the test results
               基金项目:2020 年国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BRK039)
               400038 重庆市,陆军军医大学护理系
               *
               通信作者:杨燕妮,教授,博士生导师;E-mail:yangyan9787@sina.com
               本文数字出版日期:2022-04-12
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