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2023年2月 第26卷 第5期 http: //www.chinagp.net E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn ·599·
from PubMed,Medline,Web of Science,VIP,and Wanfang data from January 2010 to March 2022. The experimental group
was treated with individualized treatment combined with moxifloxacin(Mfx),levofloxacin(Lfx),linezolid(Lzd),
clofazimine(Cfz) and bedaquiline(Bdq). The control group was treated with individualized treatment combined with placebo
or Lfx. After literature screening and data extraction,quality assessment was performed using the risk of bias assessment tool
provided by the Cochrane system evaluator handbook 5.1.0. Bayesian network Meta-analysis on the rate of sputum culture
conversion,clinical efficacy rate and incidence of adverse reactions was conducted using GeMTC 0.14.3 software and Stata SE
15.0 software. Results A total of 39 RCTs and 3 860 patients were included. Results of Meta-analysis showed that the rate of
sputum culture conversion of Bdq,Cfz,Lfx,Lzd,Mfx,were higher than those of placebo〔OR=3.49,95%CI(2.11,5.73);
OR=2.85,95%CI(1.93,4.23);OR=2.93,95%CI(1.45,6.94);OR=6.37,95%CI(3.67,11.31);OR=8.15,
95%CI(3.97,18.47)〕(P<0.05). The rate of sputum culture conversion of Cfz and Lfx was lower than Mfx〔OR=0.34,
95%CI(0.14,0.80);OR=0.36,95%CI(0.24,0.55)〕(P<0.05),and Cfz was lower than Lzd〔OR=0.44,95%CI
(0.23,0.91)〕(P<0.05)in rate of sputum culture conversion. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve area(SUCRA)
ranking showed the following:Mfx(94.3%)>Lzd(82.1%)>Bdq(50.2%)>Lfx(37.5%)>Cfz(35.9%)>placebo(0.1%).
The clinical response rates for Bdq,Cfz,Lfx,Lzd and Mfx were all higher than that of placebo〔OR=2.80,95%CI(1.74,4.46);
OR=2.02,95%CI(1.33,3.08);OR=4. 93,95%CI(2.13,11.50);OR=5.72,95%CI(3.44,10.08);OR=3.20,
95%CI(1.16,9.21)〕(P<0.05),and Bdq,Cfz,and Lfx had lower clinical response rates than Mfx〔OR=0.27,95%CI
(0.08,0.77);OR=0.19,95%CI(0.07,0.53);OR=0.47,95%CI(0.29,0.74)〕(P<0.05),and lower clinical
response rates for Bdq and Cfz than Lzd〔OR=0.49,95%CI(0.23,0.97);OR=0.35,95%CI(0.17,0.68)〕(P<0.05),
and the SUCRA ranking showed the following:Mfx(87.4%)>Lzd(86.2%)>Lfx(54.6%)>Bdq(47.3%)>Cfz(24.3%)
>placebo(0.1%). There were no significant differences both in the incidence of adverse reactions among the 5 anti-tuberculosis
drugs and placebo(P>0.05) and in the incidence of adverse reactions of each anti-tuberculosis drugs between groups(P>0.05).
Conclusion Current evidence suggests that Mfx and Lzd are more effective than other drugs in the treatment of MDR-TB. The
results of the study need to be further verified due to the small number clinical studies and sample size.
【Key words】 Tuberculosis,multidrug-resistant;Moxifloxacin;Levofloxacin;Linezolid;Clofazimine;
Bedaquiline;Network meta-analysis
尽管过去几十年临床在结核病(tuberculosis,TB) RCT)较少。贝叶斯网状 Meta 分析是基于贝叶斯定理
控制方面取得了巨大成就,但耐多药结核病(multidrug 的一种统计学方法,可采用直接或间接比较的方法实现
resistance-tuberculosis,MDR-TB)的流行构成了控制 同时对 3 种及以上干预措施的比较并进行排序 [7] 。
TB 的主要障碍。MDR-TB 是指通过 TB 体外药敏试验 为此,本研究采用贝叶斯网状 Meta 分析法系
证实至少同时对异烟肼和利福平两种抗结核药物产生耐 统评价个体化治疗方案分别联用 Mfx、左氧氟沙星
药的结核病 [1] ,是广泛耐药结核病(extensively drug- (levofloxacin,Lfx)、Lzd、Cfz、Bdq、安慰剂(placebo,
resistant tuberculosis,XDR-TB)的亚组。世界卫生组织 P)治疗 MDR-TB 的疗效和安全性,为其临床治疗提供
(World Health Organization,WHO)报告估计,2019 年 参考依据。
全球新发 363 000 例 MDR-TB 病例 [2] 。我国是全球 27 1 资料与方法
个 MDR-TB 高负担国家中的第二高负担国,MDR-TB 1.1 纳入标准 (1)研究类型:双臂 RCT,语言限定
患者数居全球第二位,MDR-TB 给我国结核病防治带来 为中文或英文;(2)研究对象:符合 MDR-TB 的诊断
巨大挑战 [1] 。 标准 [4] ,年龄≥ 18 岁;(3)干预措施:试验组采用
为提高 MDR/XDR-TB 的治疗成功率,二线抗结核 个体化治疗方案分别联用 Mfx、Lfx、Lzd、Cfz、Bdq,
药物如莫西沙星(moxifloxacin,Mfx)、利奈唑胺(linezolid, 对照组采用个体化治疗方案分别联用 P、Lfx,两组采用
Lzd)、氯法齐明(clofazimine,Cfz)、贝达喹啉(bedaquiline, 不同的药物干预法;(4)结局指标:痰培养转阴率、
Bdq)等被广泛推荐用于 MDR/XDR-TB 的治疗 [3-4] 。 临床有效率、不良反应发生率。
目前有研究进行了抗结核药物的网状 Meta 分析,结果 1.2 排除标准 (1)重复发表的文献;(2)结局指
显示没有任何一种抗结核药物优于其他药物,并且没有 标不一致的文献;(3)给药剂量不规范;(4)疗程
进行安全性比较,结局指标少 [5] ;程庆林等 [6] 研究仅 <24 周。
比较了含 Lzd、Cfz、美罗培南 - 克拉维酸化疗方案, 1.3 文献检索策略 计算机检索 PubMed、Medline、
且 纳 入 的 随 机 对 照 试 验(randomized controlled trial, Web of Science、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台。中