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Information Questionnaire,HIV Knowledge Questionnaire,Anticipated HIV Stigma Scale and 10-item Center for Epidemiologic
Studies Depression Scale(CES-D-10),an online questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 via
the same-sex social network of Blued7.5. A total of 1396 MSM with HIVinfection or unclear status of HIVinfection were sampled
by use of convenience sampling to attend the survey. The latent classes of depressive symptoms were analyzed by latent class
analysis. Multinomial Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation of the latent class of depression with HIV-
related knowledge or anticipated HIV stigma. Results Finally,1 394 cases(99.9%.) who returned responsive questionnaires
were included. The 10 items of CES-D-10 were taken as observed indicators,and exploratory latent class analysis was employed
to identify the latent classes of depression based on model from 1 to 5 classes. The 4-class model was finally selected,and the
probabilities of each class were 40.1% (no obvious depression),21.6%(possible risk of depression),28.0%(possible
mild depression),and 10.3%(possible moderate to severe depression). The accuracy of the classification was assessed by
test for homogeneity according to the cut-off value of CES-D-10 (0=no depression,1=depression) and the results of latent
class analysis (0= no obvious depression and possible risk of depression,1= possible mild depression and possible moderate to
severe depression),and the result showed that Kappa=0.735(P<0.001). Multinomial Logistic regression analysis indicated
that a high level of HIV-related knowledge (OR=0.926,P=0.001),undergraduate attainment or above (OR=0.642,
P=0.003) were related to possible risk of depression. The anticipated HIV stigma (OR=1.594,P<0.001) and being married
(OR=0.593,P=0.026) were related to possible mild depression. A high level of HIV-related knowledge (OR=0.935,
P=0.026),anticipated HIV stigma (OR=2.239,P<0.001) and no long-term employment (OR=1.518,P=0.045) were
related to possible moderate to severe depression. Conclusion The depression in MSM population presented obvious category
characteristics,which may be a new idea for tailoring interventions to depression in MSM. Relevant authorities may cooperate with
social media to deliver interventions incorporated with HIV-related knowledge and anticipated HIV stigma to prevent and control
the development of depression in MSM.
【Key words】 Depression;Men who have sex with men;Homosexuality,male;HIV-related knowledge;
Anticipated HIV stigma;Latent class analysis
男男性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)者 预期污名化对不同水平抑郁的影响,为针对不同特征群
作为 HIV 感染的高危人群,其感染 HIV 的概率是一般 体实施特定干预提供参考。
人群的 26 倍 [1] 。在中国,MSM 者的 HIV 感染人数呈 1 资料与方法
逐年上升趋势,研究显示,中国 HIV 感染归因于 MSM 1.1 一般资料 本研究采用便利抽样的方法,于 2020-
的比例从 2006 年的 2.5% 上升到 2016 年的 28% [2-3] 。 12-16 至 2021-03-02 选取 1 394 例未感染 HIV 或感染
此外,MSM 在中国仍然不被公众广泛接受,他们可能 状态未知的 MSM 者进行线上问卷调查,纳入标准:
在生活和工作中遭受歧视和污名化 [4] 。上述原因均可 (1)生理性别为男性;(2)最近 1 年与男性发生口
导致 MSM 者产生负性情绪,如焦虑、抑郁等。研究显示, 交 / 肛交;(3)未做过 HIV 检测或检测结果为阴性;
MSM 者的抑郁发生率普遍高于一般人群,2021 年的一 (4)能独立完成问卷;(5)自愿参加本研究。排除
项调查显示中国西部 MSM 者抑郁的发生率为 38.0%, 标准:(1)年龄 <18 岁;(2)不能配合调查者。本
一项系统综述的结果也显示中国 MSM 者抑郁发生率为 研究已于 2020-05-20 经过淡蓝公益伦理委员会审批
40% [3,5] 。长期的抑郁症状不仅会对身体造成损害,还 (DLIRB202005-01),研究对象自愿参加本研究并知
会增加自残、自杀等行为的发生风险,因此 MSM 者的 情同意。
抑郁问题亟待解决 [6] 。既往研究指出,MSM 者的 HIV 1.2 研究设计 本研究采用同性社交软件 Blued7.5 平
相关知识可对抑郁产生影响 [7] 。该人群的 HIV 预期污 台对注册用户进行线上调查,线上调查的方式不仅可确
名化也可能是抑郁的影响因素 [8] 。MSM 者的抑郁状况 保问卷的完整性和匿名性,且受试对象能够在更自然
可通过量表评估获得,但是通过量表评估仅能从整体水 的状态下填写问卷,提高问卷结果的真实性。问卷通
平反映其抑郁状况,无法准确识别该群体的抑郁特征, 过“近 6 个月内,你与多少名男性发生过肛交性行为”
即使两个个体得分一致,他们在各条目上的答案也可能 这一题项进行质量控制,调查由专业研究人员于 2020-
有所差异。潜在类别分析(latent class analysis,LCA) 12-16 至 2021-03-02 将招募信息及电子问卷发布至平
是利用潜在类别模型将人群按照不同特征分为多个类别 台,感兴趣的用户打开链接后点击“同意并开始作答”
的统计方法,其分类的准确度高于传统分类方法,在心 按钮方可填写问卷。无效问卷标准:(1)“近 6 个月
理学领域得到了广泛应用。本研究旨在使用 LCA 探索 内,你与多少名男性发生过肛交性行为”题项的填写结
MSM 者抑郁的分类特征,并探究 HIV 相关知识和 HIV 果≥ 300;(2)选项明显规律,如所有条目选项相同。