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2018 to December 2019,among whom,42 with total occlusion of the culprit artery(pre-PCI TIMI grade 0 or 1,occlusion
group),and other 265 without(pre-PCI TIMI grade 2 or 3,non-occlusion group). The baseline characteristics and results
of regular follow-ups were collected. The endpoints were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE),
including all-cause death,recurrent myocardial infarction,revascularization,and new stroke. Multivariate Logistic regression
was used to identify the potential influencing factors of total occlusion of the culprit artery. The Kaplan-Meier was used to
estimate the cumulative incidence of MACCE. Multivariate Cox regression was adopted to assess the influence of total occlusion
of the culprit artery on prognosis. Results Compared with non-occlusion group,occlusion group had higher prevalence of
non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and the left circumflex coronary artery as the culprit vessel,as well as
higher levels of hypersensitive troponin T,creatine kinase isoenzyme and B-type natriuretic peptide at admission(P<0.05).
Moreover,occlusion group had lower level of systolic blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),as well
as the left anterior descending coronary artery as the culprit vessel at admission(P<0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic
regression analysis showed LVEF〔OR=1.064,95%CI(1.018,1.112),P=0.006〕 was associated with total occlusion of
the culprit artery in NSTE-ACS. Occlusion group had higher cumulative incidence of MACCE,revascularization or new stroke
than non-occlusion group(P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors,multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed
that total occlusion of the culprit artery was associated with MACCE〔OR=2.684,95%CI(1.229,5.862),P=0.013〕 and
revascularization〔OR=3.024,95%CI(1.320,6.931),P=0.009〕 in NSTE-ACS. Conclusion LVEF may be an associated
factor of total occlusion of the culprit artery in patients with NSTE-ACS. Therefore bedside echocardiography is recommended as a
routine examination before coronary angiography in patients with NSTE-ACS. In addition,total occlusion of the culprit artery is an
influencing factor of MACCE,revascularization,and new stroke in these patients.
【Key words】 Acute coronary syndrome;Cardiovascular diseases;Percutaneous coronary intervention;
Electrocardiography;Prognosis;Root cause analysis
心 电 图 在 急 性 冠 脉 综 合 征(acute coronary 月于成都市第三人民医院行 PCI 的 NSTE-ACS 患者 307
syndrome,ACS)患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 例,年龄为(67.2±10.7)岁;男 217 例(70.7%),女
(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI) 时 机 的 选 择 90 例(29.3%)。纳入标准:(1)符合《非 ST 段抬高
中起着重要作用 [1] 。在 ACS 患者中,心电图 ST 段抬 型急性冠状动脉综合征诊断和治疗指南(2016)》 [4]
高被归类为 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation 中 NSTE-ACS 的诊断标准,NSTE-ACS 可分为非 ST 段
myocardial infarction,STEMI),常提示冠状动脉的急性 抬高型心肌梗死(non-ST elevated myocardial infarction,
闭塞,需接受直接 PCI 治疗,而心电图非 ST 段抬高则 NSTEMI)和不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina,UA);(2)
归类为非 ST 段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(non-ST elevation 患者年龄 >18 岁。排除标准:(1)合并器质性心脏瓣
acute coronary syndromes,NSTE-ACS),需根据指南推 膜疾病、缩窄性心包炎、心肌炎、非缺血性心肌病、先
荐和全球急性冠状动脉事件注册危险评分系统(Global 天性心脏病、风湿性心脏病等其他严重心脏疾病者;(2)
Registry of Acute Coronary Events,GRACE)进行危险分层, 合并恶性肿瘤者;(3)伴有冠脉血管炎或系统性硬化、
进而制订再灌注治疗方案 [1-2] 。新近研究应用 GRACE 系统性血管炎及系统性红斑狼疮等结缔组织疾病者;(4)
评分发现,在 NSTE-ACS 患者中约 1/4 冠状动脉造影 既往心肌梗死、行 PCI、冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary
结果显示罪犯血管完全闭塞,且这部分患者短期全因 artery bypass grafting,CABG)的造影资料或术中情况不
死亡率〔RR=1.67,95%CI(1.31,2.13),P<0.000 1; 详而导致慢性完全闭塞(CTO)情况不详的患者;(5)
2
I =41%〕和中 - 长期全因死亡率〔RR=1.42,95%CI(1.08, 入院后行 CABG 者;(6)罪犯血管无法定义或有多支
2
1.86),P=0.01;I =32%〕均高于非闭塞患者 [3] 。这表 罪犯血管病变者。本研究获得成都市第三人民医院医学
明依据指南推荐进行 GRACE 评分及危险性评估不能完 伦理委员会批准(2019-S-67)。
全识别这类预后高风险的患者,需要更有效的风险分层 1.2 资料收集 通过查询医院电子病历系统收集患者
工具来识别这类患者,使其获得早期介入治疗。因此本 临床资料,包括性别、年龄、糖尿病史、高血压史、
研究探究 NSTE-ACS 患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素,同 高脂血症史、高尿酸血症史、心房颤动史、冠状动脉
时分析罪犯血管闭塞对 PCI 术后 NSTE-ACS 患者远期预 粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)史、心肌梗死
后的影响。 史、PCI 手术史、目前吸烟(连续或累积吸烟 6 个月
1 对象与方法 及以上且入院前 30 d 内吸烟)、体质指数(BMI)、
1.1 研究对象 本研究纳入 2018 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 入院至行 PCI 时间、入院时胸痛 / 胸闷、入院诊断