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           Characteristics of SAPHO Syndrome:Clinical Analysis of 19 Cases SUN Wenting,KOU Qiuai *
           Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100091,China
           *
             Corresponding author:KOU Qiuai,Chief physician;E-mail:kouqiuai@126.com
               【Abstract】 Background SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown causes with various
           clinical manifestations,which involves bone joint and skin tissue,and has no specific diagnostic indicators and uniform treatment
           strategy. Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 19 cases of SAPHO syndrome,increasing clinicians' recognition
           of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical characteristics 19 cases of SAPHO syndrome
           recruited from Rheumatology Clinic,Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from October 2013 to
           December 2021,including the first symptoms,bone joint and skin involvement,laboratory and imaging findings,comorbidities
           prevalence,surgical history,medication,follow-up,and misdiagnosis prevalence. Results There were 17 female cases and
           two male cases,with an average age of(43±12) years and an average duration of 1 year. The first symptom was bone joint pain
           (n=14) or dermatological manifestations(n=5). Sixteen patients(84.2%) had bone joint and skin involvement,and the
           other three(15.8%) had only bone joint involvement. Anterior chest wall was the most commonly involved site,followed by the
           spine,peripheral joints,and sacroiliac joints. Palmoplantar pustulosis was the most common manifestation of skin involvement
           (16 cases,84.2%),and among these cases,two also had psoriasis-like lesions on the lower extremities and seven also had
           damaged fingernails of both hands. Eighteen cases had whole-body bone scintigraphy,and were detected with an average number
           of sites of bone joint involvement of(3±1). Misdiagnosis occurred in 10 cases(52.6%),and the average diagnostic delay
           for them was(3±5)years. Palmoplantar pustulosis was found in all 6 cases(31.6%) with tonsillitis,and the symptoms were
           improved with no recurrence within one year in two out of three cases undergoing tonsillectomy. Conclusion As a rare disease
           mainly involving bone joint and the skin,SAPHO syndrome has a high misdiagnosis rate. The recognition of the common involved
           parts of the disease and whole-body bone scintigraphy and other imaging examinations are helpful to make a proper diagnosis.
           Tonsillitis may be related to the development of the disease.
               【Key words】 Acquired hyperostosis syndrome;SAPHO syndrome;Disease attributes


               SAPHO 综合征(滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨质增                        骨髓炎。排除标准:感染性骨髓炎、感染性胸壁关节炎、
           生和骨炎)是一种罕见的影响骨关节和皮肤组织的慢                             感染性掌跖脓疱疮、掌跖角化病、弥漫性特发性骨肥厚、
           性炎症性疾病      [1] 。1987 年,CHAMOT 等    [2] 首次提出        维甲酸治疗引起的骨关节表现              [1] 。具备 4 条诊断标准
           SAPHO 综合征的概念。SAPHO 综合征常表现为无菌性                       中的 1 条且满足排除标准,即可诊断为 SAPHO 综合征。
           骨炎(主要是指脊柱炎和 / 或关节炎),皮肤受累常表                          1.3 研究方法
           现为脓疱型银屑病、掌跖脓疱病或痤疮                  [3] 。该病的病        1.3.1 临床资料 收集患者的一般资料,主要包括性别、
           因和发病机制尚不清楚,临床表现异质性高,且尚未发                            年龄、发病年龄、确诊年龄、病程、家族史等。分析患
                                                       [3]
           现特异性的检查指标,为疾病的诊治带来巨大的挑战 。                           者的首发症状特点、骨关节及皮肤受累特点、实验室及
           由于该病发病率低,临床医生对疾病特点认识有限,极                            影像学检查、合并症及手术史、用药及随访情况、误诊
           易造成误诊、漏诊,延误患者的治疗时机。本研究回顾                            情况。本研究获得中国中医科学院西苑医院伦理委员会
           性分析了 19 例 SAPHO 综合征患者的临床特征,并分析                      批准(XLA014-4),并取得患者及家属知情同意。
           探讨了6例合并扁桃体炎的SAPHO综合征患者的特点,                          1.3.2 预后随访 以电话的形式对所有患者集中随访,
           以提高临床医生对该病临床特征的认识,实现早诊断、                            询问患者的病情变化、治疗情况及对治疗的反应,中位
           早治疗。                                                随访时间为 1.5 年,随访时间截至 2021-12-31。
           1 对象与方法                                             1.4 统计学描述方法 符合正态分布的计量资料以
           1.1 研究对象 选取 2013 年 10 月至 2021 年 12 月在中              ( ±s)表示,计数资料以相对数表示。
           国中医科学院西苑医院风湿科门诊就诊的 19 例 SAPHO                       2 结果
           综合征患者为研究对象,其中女 17 例,男 2 例;平均                        2.1 一般特征 19 例 SAPHO 综合征患者中女 17 例、
           年龄为(43±12)岁,中位病程为 1 年。                              男 2 例;平均发病年龄为(40±12)岁,平均确诊年龄
           1.2 诊断标准和排除标准 诊断标准参考 KAHN 等                  [4]    为(43±12)岁,中位病程为 1 年;1 例有强直性脊柱
           提出的 SAPHO 综合征的诊断标准:(1)有骨关节病变                        炎家族史,2 例有掌跖脓疱疮家族史。见表 1。
           的重症痤疮;(2)有骨关节病变的掌跖脓疱病;(3)                           2.2 首发症状特点 19 例 SAPHO 综合征患者首发症状
           伴或不伴皮肤病的骨肥厚;(4)慢性复发性多病灶性                            均为骨关节疼痛或皮肤病表现。以骨关节疼痛为首发症
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