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Organization. At present，Western medicine still has many shortcomings in its treatment，and studies have shown that fecal
bacterial transplantation （FMT） has a certain effect on it，but the mechanism is not clear. Objective FMT was used to treat
mouse ulcerative colitis model to verify the efficacy and possible mechanism of FMT. Methods From December 2019 to April
2020，60 mice were divided into normal control group （Control group），ulcerative colitis model group （Model group），
ulcerative colitis model + fecal bacteria transplantation treatment group （Model+FMT group） and ulcerative colitis model +
5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） treatment group （Model+5-ASA group） by random number table method，each of 15 mice.
Control group did not make any intervention；Model group prepared mouse ulcerative colitis model；after successful modeling，
the Model+FMT group was given 0.2 ml of fecal bacteria solution per enema；after successful modeling，the Model+5-ASA group
was given 0.019 5 g/ml 5-ASA enema. The ultrastructural changes of intestinal tissue through transmission electron microscope，
flow cytometric detection of blood helper T cell （Th）-17，Th-1，Th-2，Treg cell content changes，and enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were observed to detect serum interferon γ （IFN-γ），interleukin （IL）-2，IL-17，
IL-4，IL-10，transforming growth factor β （TGF-β） level changes. Results Intestinal tissue transmission electron
microscopy ultrastructure showed that the Model group was successfully modeled；the microvilli in the Model+FMT group and
Model+5-ASA group were denser，with normal morphology，more goblet cells，slight swelling of mitochondria，and insignificant
rough endoplasmic reticulum lesions. The Th17 cell content of the Model+FMT group was higher than that of the Control group and
lower than that of the Model group；the Th17 cell content of the Model+5-ASA group was lower than that of Control group，Model
group and Model+FMT group. The Th1 cell content of Model+FMT group and Model+5-ASA group were lower than those of Control
group and Model group，respectively；Th2 cell content of Model+FMT group was lower than that of Control group and higher
than that of Model group，and Th2 cell content of Model+5-ASA group was lower than that of Control group and higher than that
of Model group and Model +FMT group. Treg cell content in Model+FMT group and Model+5-ASA group were lower than that of
Control group and higher than that of Model group （P<0.05）. IFN-γ cell content in Model+5-ASA group was lower than that of
Model group. IL-2 cell content in Model+FMT group and Model+5-ASA group was lower than that of Model group；the IL-17 cell
content of Model+FMT group and Model+5-ASA group were lower than those of Control group and Model group，respectively. The
IL-17 cell content of Model+5-ASA group was lower than that of Model+FMT group；the IL-4 cell content of Model+FMT group
was lower than that of Control group and higher than that of Model group. The IL-4 cell content in the Model+5-ASA group was
higher than that in the Model group；the IL-10 cell content in the Model+FMT group was higher than that in the Control group and
the Model group，and the IL-10 cell content in the Model+5-ASA group was higher than that in the Model group；the content of
TGF-β cells in the Model+FMT group and Model+5-ASA group were lower than those in the Control group and higher than those
in the Model group （P<0.05）. Conclusion FMT can improve the symptoms of ulcerative colitis in mice. It is speculated that it
may be achieved by adjusting the balance of Th1/Th2 cells and the ratio of Th17/Treg cells to achieve the purpose of treatment.
【Key words】 Colitis，ulcerative；Fecal microbiota transplantation；Mesalamine；Th1 cells；Th2 cells；Th17
cells；T-lymphocytes，regulatory

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis，UC）属于炎症性
本研究创新性：
肠病（inflammatory bowel disease，IBD）的范畴，是主
本项目从传统医学和现代医学两个方面探讨粪菌
要累及直肠、结肠黏膜和黏膜下层的慢性非特异性炎症， 移植（FMT）和肠道菌群的相关性，拟为 FMT 干预
［1］
临床以腹痛、腹泻、黏液脓血便等为主要表现 ，以发作、
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）提供中医和西医双重理论支持，
缓解及复发交替为疾病特点，好发于直肠和乙状结肠，
且本项目创新之处在于将FMT和中药金汁进行联系，
多见于 20~40 岁青壮年人群，是消化系统的常见病、多 首次从中药的角度分析 FMT 的药物性味，并基于转
发病、疑难病 ［2］ 。近年来，UC 的发病率及向结肠癌转 +
录因子→ CD 4 T 细胞→细胞因子通路分析其干预 UC
化率升高，已逐渐成为全球重点关注的疾病之一，但关 的可能机制，有望为 FMT 干预 UC 奠定中医中药和
于 UC 的病因、发病机制尚不明确 ［3］ 。现代医学认为
免疫学理论基础。
其是在遗传、环境、心理等多种因素的共同影响下，导
致肠黏膜屏障损伤，神经内分泌功能失调和免疫失衡， 预防并发症为主，治疗药物包括氨基水杨酸制剂、糖皮
从而引起肠黏膜局部溃疡而发病，免疫状态紊乱是其公 质激素类等 ［4］ 。但药物不良反应较强，病情容易反复。
认的发病机制之一 ［4］ 。 粪菌移植（fecal microbiota transplantation，FMT）是指
目前针对 UC 尚无治愈的方法，药物治疗本病原则 将健康人粪便中的功能菌群，采用某些方式移植入患者
上以控制急性发作、黏膜修复、维持缓解、减少复发、 胃肠道内，重建具有正常功能的肠道菌群，治疗肠道及