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·330·  http: //www.chinagp.net   E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn                     Jaunary  2023, Vol.26  No.3

           IL-10 in BALF,lung ultrasound score (LUS) and oxygenation index (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ),which were monitored before and on
           the 3rd day after the RM. According to the differences in LUS(ΔLUS) before and after RM,patients were divided into RM
           effective group (RM-E group) with the value greater than 5 points and RM inactive group (RM-N group) with the value
           less than 5 points,and the changes of IF in BALF were compared between the two groups; the correlations between ΔIF,
           differences of IF between the two groups before and after RM,and ΔLUS (ΔIL-6,ΔIL-8,ΔIL-10 and ΔLUS) were
           analyzed. The ROC was used to calculate the predictive value of IF in BALF for the potential of RM. Results The study enrolled
           38 patients in the RM-E group and 24 in the RM-N group. There was no statistical difference in the levels of IL-6,IL-8 and
           IL-10 in BALF and LUS between the two groups before RM (P>0.05). There was also no significant difference in tidal volume
           (VT),positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP),plateau pressure (P plat ),fraction of inspiration O 2  (FiO 2 ) and PaO 2 /
           FiO 2  between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 in BALF and PaO 2 /FiO 2  before and after RM in the
           two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was significant difference in LUS before and after RM in RM-E group
           (P<0.05),but no significant difference in LUS before and after RM in RM-N group (P>0.05). After RM,the difference of
           ΔIL-6,ΔIL-8,ΔIL-10 and ΔLUS was statistically significant in the two groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed
           that ΔIL-6 and ΔLUS had a significant positive correlation (P<0.05),while ΔIL-8,ΔIL-10 and ΔLUS had no significant
           correlation (P>0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) predicted RM potential by ΔIL-6 in patients with ARDS was 0.794,
           the sensitivity was 94.7%,and the specificity was 70.8%. Conclusion The detection of IF in BALF,especially IL-6,has a
           certain clinical value in evaluating the lung recruitment maneuver potential in patients with ARDS.
               【Key words】 Acute respiratory distress syndrome; BALF; IL-6; IL-8; IL-10; Lung ultrasound score;
           Recruitment maneuver potential


               急 性 呼 吸 窘 迫 综 合 征(acute respiratory distress    同意书。病例纳入标准:(1)年龄 >18 岁且 <85 岁;
           syndrome,ARDS)是临床上常见的一种急危重症,严                       (2)ARDS 的诊断标准符合柏林定义指南的中 - 重度
           重威胁患者的生命,其病死率超过 40%                 [1] 。肺复张        ARDS 诊 断 标 准,PaO 2 /FiO 2 ≤ 200 mm Hg (1 mm Hg
           (recruitment maneuver,RM) 是 ARDS 患 者 的 重 要 治        =0.133 kPa) [7] ;(3)行有创机械通气治疗时间超过
           疗策略,虽然大多数 ARDS 患者能得利于 RM,但仍有                        24 h。排除标准:(1)气胸;(2)有严重心功能不全
           10%~13% 的患者因不恰当 RM 而出现气压伤或气胸等                       或血流动力学异常;(3)胸部创伤;(4)妊娠;(5)
           并发症   [2] ,所以临床上需特别重视 RM 的耐受性。为                     在 RM 过程中出现血氧饱和度急剧下降、恶性心律失常
           了减少呼吸机相关性肺损伤,对 RM 耐受性的评估显得                          或严重血流动力学异常。
           尤为重要    [3] 。目前 RM 潜能的评估方法主要是 CT 法测                 1.2 方法
           肺组织密度,但危重症患者频繁外出进行 CT 检查并不                          1.2.1 RM 策略 对所有 ARDS 患者进行标准肺保护性
           现实,还有其他检测氧合指数〔即动脉氧分压(PaO 2 )                        通气策略,潮气量设置为 6 ml/kg,平台压 <30 cm H 2 O
           / 吸入氧浓度(FiO 2 ),PaO 2 /FiO 2 〕等功能性评估方法,              (1 cm H 2 O=0.098 kPa),调节呼气末正压(PEEP)
           但该法有频繁抽取动脉血等缺点,所以需积极寻找一种                            和 FiO 2 水平,维持周围毛细血管氧饱和度(peripheral
           能评估 RM 潜能的安全、可靠的方法来指导临床精确实                          capillary oxygen saturation,SpO 2 ) 88%~95%、PaO 2
           施RM策略     [4] 。随着病理生理学研究的深入,发现炎                     55~80 mm Hg [8] 。使患者充分镇静后进行 RM,模式
           性因子如白介素 6(IL-6)、白介素 8(IL-8)、白介                      为压力控制模式(PCV),设置压力控制(PC)水平
           素 10(IL-10)在 ARDS 发展过程中起到了重要作用             [5-6] 。   为 20 cm H 2 O,PEEP 为 20 cm H 2 O,持续 2 min。每隔
           本研究通过监测 ARDS 患者肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中                         15~20 min 逐步下调 PEEP 水平,直至 PaO 2 比前一次
           IL-6、IL-8、IL-10 的水平变化,探讨这些炎性因子对                     PaO 2 数值下降超过 5%,将 PEEP 调回前一次数值以维
           RM 潜能的评估价值。                                         持 PaO 2 稳定。根据病情对患者进行每日 1~2 次 RM。
           1 对象与方法                                             1.2.2 BALF 中炎性因子测定 患者于 RM 前及 RM 后
           1.1 研究对象 选取 2020 年 3 月至 2022 年 3 月浙江                第 3 天进行纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗,留取 BALF 检测
           大学医学院附属金华医院 ICU 收治的需要有创机械通                          IL-6、IL-8、IL-10 水平。纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗方法
           气的 ARDS 患者 62 例为研究对象,其中男 39 例,女                     如下  [9] :(1)1~2 ml  的 2% 利多卡因经支气管镜活
           23 例; 年 龄 44~83 岁, 平 均(65.2±10.4) 岁。 本 研            检孔注入灌洗肺段进行局部麻醉;(2)将 100~250 ml
           究通过浙江大学医学院附属金华医院伦理委员会批准                             37 ℃灭菌的 0.9% 氯化钠溶液分次快速注入需灌洗的肺
           (批准号:2019-022-001),患者或其家属均签署知情                      段开口处;(3)用 50~100 mm Hg 负压吸引回收灌洗液,
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