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·40·   http: //www.chinagp.net   E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn                     January  2023, Vol.26  No.1


           表 2 1990—2019 年中国女性乳腺癌发病及死亡风险的 APC 模型               亡风险越小,这可能与社会安稳、居民生活水平的提高
           分析                                                  和医疗技术的发展使得乳腺癌治愈率和好转率提高等
           Table 2 APC analysis of breast cancer incidence and mortality in Chinese
           females from 1990 to 2019                           有关。
                                发病偏差系数         死亡偏差系数              综上所述,中国女性 1990—2019 年乳腺癌发病和
                  项目
                                 (95%CI)        (95%CI)
                                                               死亡风险呈逐年上升趋势,年龄效应和队列效应是乳
           年龄(岁)
                                                               腺癌发病和死亡的主要影响因素,提示应进一步加强
             15~19           -1.69(-1.99,-1.40)-1.52(-1.94,-1.10)
                                                               ≥ 40 岁年龄段女性的乳腺癌筛查和早诊早治工作,提
             20~24           -0.97(-1.16,-0.78)-0.87(-1.14,-0.61)
                                                               升诊断技术和治疗水平,构建和谐的社会环境。另外,
             25~29           -0.14(-0.27,-0.01)-0.13(-0.31,0.06)
                                                               本研究还存在的局限性及其处理方式包括:(1)APC
             30~34            0.50(0.40,0.60)  0.59(0.45,0.72)
                                                               模型的年龄、时期和队列变量存在完全共线性,本研究
             35~39            0.81(0.72,0.89)  0.83(0.72,0.94)
             40~44            1.04(0.97,1.11)  0.89(0.80,0.98)  所用的网页模型已通过内生因子法(intrinsic estimator,
             45~49            1.02(0.96,1.08)  0.83(0.76,0.91)  IE)解决共线性问题;(2)APC 模型出生队列计算后
             50~54            0.82(0.77,0.86)  0.71(0.65,0.77)  具有重叠现象,本研究通过取各个出生队列的中间值加
             55~59            0.58(0.53,0.62)  0.48(0.44,0.53)  以避免;(3)该数据库未提供乳腺癌的城乡数据,因
             60~64            0.30(0.26,0.34)  0.13(0.09,0.17)  而无法深入分析城乡间乳腺癌的流行趋势差异,未来还
             65~69            0(-0.04,0.05)  -0.16(-0.20,-0.11)  会继续关注相关研究。
             70~74           -0.37(-0.43,-0.32)-0.39(-0.45,-0.34)
                                                                   作者贡献:刘雪薇负责数据分析、论文撰写;王媛
             75~79           -0.73(-0.79,-0.66)-0.61(-0.68,-0.54)
                                                               负责研究指导、论文修改;韦丹梅负责数据整理、统计
             ≥ 80            -1.16(-1.24,-1.08)-0.78(-0.87,-0.70)
                                                               指导;芦文丽负责质量控制和审校。
           队列(年)
                                                                   本文无利益冲突。
             1910—1914       -0.04(-0.31,0.23) -0.41(-0.60,-0.22)
                                                               参考文献
             1915—1919       -0.11(-0.28,-0.06)-0.34(-0.47,-0.21)
                                                               [1]SUNG H,FERLAY J,SIEGEL R L,et al. Global Cancer Statistics
             1920—1924       -0.12(-0.24,-0.01)-0.26(-0.36,-0.16)
                                                                   2020:GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide
             1925—1929       -0.09(-0.18,-0.01)-0.15(-0.23,-0.07)
                                                                   for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin,2021,71(3):
             1930—1934       -0.05(-0.12,0.01) -0.05(-0.11,0.01)
                                                                   209-249. DOI:10.3322/caac.21660.
             1935—1939       -0.01(-0.06,0.05) 0.03(-0.01,0.08)
                                                               [2]闵淑慧,胡依,郭芮绮,等 . 1990—2019 年中国女性乳腺癌疾
             1940—1944       0.01(-0.04,0.06) 0.08(0.04,0.12)      病负担及变化趋势分析[J]. 现代预防医学,2021,48(16):
             1945—1949        0.06(0.02,0.11)  0.14(0.09,0.18)     2941-2945.
             1950—1954        0.13(0.09,0.17)  0.21(0.16,0.25)     MIN S H,HU Y,GUO R Q,et al. Analysis of burden and changing
             1955—1959        0.11(0.07,0.16)  0.18(0.13,0.24)     trends of breast cancer in women in China from 1990 to 2019[J].
             1960—1964        0.07(0.02,0.12)  0.12(0.05,0.19)     Modern Preventive Medicine,2021,48(16):2941-2945.
             1965—1969       0.03(-0.03,0.08) 0.08(0.00,0.16)  [3]张雪峰 . 年龄 - 时期 - 队列模型[J]. 东南大学学报(医学版),
             1970—1974       -0.04(-0.10,0.03)  0(-0.10,0.10)      2001,20(3):200-203.
                                                                   ZHANG X F. Age-period-cohort model[J]. Journal of Southeast
             1975—1979       -0.03(-0.11,0.05) -0.03(-0.15,0.09)
                                                                   University(Medical Science Edition),2001,20(3):200-
             1980—1984       -0.01(-0.11,0.09) -0.05(-0.21,0.10)
                                                                   203.
             1985—1989       -0.04(-0.16,0.09) -0.12(-0.33,0.08)
                                                               [4]GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. Global,regional,and
             1990—1994       -0.09(-0.29,0.11) -0.20(-0.53,0.13)
                                                                   national disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs) for 333 diseases
             1995—1999       -0.11(-0.52,0.30) -0.25(-0.98,0.47)
                                                                   and injuries and healthy life expectancy(HALE) for 195 countries
             2000—2004       -0.13(-1.05,0.79) -0.30(-1.99,1.39)
                                                                   and territories,1990—2016:a systematic analysis for the Global
           净漂移值(95%CI)(%) 2.58(2.34,2.83) -0.75(-1.09,-0.41)
                                                                   Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Lancet,2017,390(10100):
           P 值                                                     1260-1344. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32130-X.
             净漂移值 =0              <0.001         <0.001        [5]GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global,regional,and
             总局部漂移值 = 净漂          <0.001         <0.001            national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death,1980—
             移值
                                                                   2016:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
             总年龄偏差 =0             <0.001         <0.001            2016[J]. Lancet,2017,390(10100):1151-1210. DOI:
             总时期偏差 =0              0.607          0.180            10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-9.
             总队列偏差 =0             <0.001         <0.001        [6]GBD 2016 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global,regional,and national
              注:APC= 年龄 - 时期 - 队列                                  comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural,environmental and
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