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           基于路径分析模型的新型毒品成瘾者

           心理健康状况影响因素研究

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           刘菁菁,王丽楠,周雪莹,朱昕然,庄淑梅                     *                                           查看原文


               【摘要】 背景 目前新型毒品滥用形势严峻,新型毒品已成为我国最主要的滥用毒品种类,其成瘾性强、戒断
           难度大,成瘾后个体易出现严重的心理依赖性和心理问题,导致成瘾者戒断治疗后容易复吸,因此探讨新型毒品成瘾
           者心理健康状况的影响因素对新型毒品成瘾者的防治和管理有一定的临床价值和社会意义。目的 探讨新型毒品成瘾
           者心理健康状况的影响因素及各因素间的相关性。方法 选取 2018 年 1 月至 2019 年 4 月于天津市公安局安康医院接
           受住院戒毒治疗的 196 例新型毒品成瘾者为研究对象,收集研究对象的社会人口学资料和吸毒临床资料。采用症状自
           评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)调查新型毒品成瘾
           者的心理健康状况,并采用 Spearman 秩相关对各影响因素进行相关性分析。采用 SPSS 20.0 软件进行统计学分析,采
           用 AMOS 22.0 构建模型对数据进行路径分析。结果 新型毒品成瘾者 SCL-90 总分为(206.62±26.66)分,其总分及
           各维度得分均高于国内常模(P<0.001);Spearman 秩相关分析显示,SCL-90 总分与年龄(r s =-0.285,P<0.001)、积
           极应对(r s =-0.749,P<0.001)呈负相关,与经济收入(r s =0.210,P=0.003)、每日吸毒量(r s =0.375,P<0.001)、消
           极应对(r s =0.754,P<0.001)、人格特征各维度〔精神质 P(r s =0.915)、内外向 E(r s =0.748)、神经质 N(r s =0.549)、
           掩饰性 L(r s =0.979),P<0.001)〕呈正相关;路径分析结果显示,人格特征和应对方式可以直接或者间接影响新型
           毒品成瘾者的心理健康状况,且应对方式在人格特征与新型毒品成瘾者心理健康状况中起部分中介作用。结论 新型
           毒品成瘾者心理健康水平较低,人格特征和应对方式是其主要影响因素。医护人员应该在了解新型毒品成瘾者人格特
           征的基础上,有针对性地帮助其形成积极的应对方式并且减少消极的应对方式,以改善其心理健康状况。
               【关键词】 行为,成瘾;吸毒者;新型毒品;心理健康;路径分析;人格特征;应对方式
               【中图分类号】 R 395.2 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0319
               刘菁菁,王丽楠,周雪莹,等 . 基于路径分析模型的新型毒品成瘾者心理健康状况影响因素研究[J]. 中国全科医学,
           2022,25(30):3775-3782.[www.chinagp.net]
               LIU J J,WANG L N,ZHOU X Y,et al. Factors associated with mental health status in people addicted to new synthetic
           drugs:a path analysis[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(30):3775-3782.


           Factors Associated with Mental Health Status in People Addicted to New Synthetic Drugs:a Path Analysis LIU
           Jingjing,WANG Linan,ZHOU Xueying,ZHU Xinran,ZHUANG Shumei *
           School of Nursing,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China
           *
           Corresponding author:ZHUANG Shumei,Associate professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:snshumei@tmu.edu.cn
               【Abstract】 Background The prevalence of synthetic drug abuse is high. In China,synthetic drugs have become
           the most commonly abused drugs characterized by strong addiction and great difficulty in quitting. The addicts are easily prone
           to serious psychological dependence and other psychological problems,which leading to relapse after withdrawal treatment.
           Therefore,exploring the influencing factors of mental health status in individuals addicted to new synthetic drugs has clinical
           and social significance for the prevention and management of synthetic drug addicts. Objective To explore the associated factors
           of mental health status and their intercorrelations in individuals addicted to new synthetic drugs. Methods One hundred and
           ninety-six people getting addicted to new synthetic drugs with inpatient withdrawal treatment were selected from Ankang Hospital
           of Tianjin Municipal Public Security Bureau from January 2018 to April 2019. Sociodemographic data and drug abuse-related
           clinical data were collected. The Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),Eysenck Personality Questionaire-Revised,Short Scale
           For Chinese(EPQ-RSC),and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)were used to investigate the mental health.

               基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(20YJA840023)
               300070 天津市,天津医科大学护理学院
               *
               通信作者:庄淑梅,副教授,硕士生导师;E-mail:snshumei@tmu.edu.cn
               本文数字出版日期:2022-06-17
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