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outcome in these patients. Objective To analyze the characteristics of body composition changes in overweight/obese patients
with hematologic diseases during allogeneic HSCT,providing evidence and ideas for the delivery of nutritional intervention in the
transplantation for these patients. Methods Two hundred and twelve hematologic disease patients with allogeneic HSCT were
selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from November 2018 to March 2021. Baseline data,including
personal demographics and clinical information,were collected. SPSS 26.0 software was used to compare the changes in body
composition and abnormal glucolipid metabolism parameters between patients with normal BMI(normal group,n=137)and
those with overweight/obesity(overweight/obese group,n=75)on the day before and after pretreatment,as well as 14 days
after transplantation. Results The normal and overweight/obese groups had no significant differences in sex ratio,mean age,
diagnosis,preconditioning regimen and HLA typing(P>0.05). Fourteen days after the allogeneic HSCT,overweight/obese
patients had obviously decreased body weight(t=14.271,P<0.001),fat-free body weight(t=12.344,P<0.001),
skeletal muscle mass(t=14.119,P<0.001),BMI(t=14.119,P<0.001)and fat-free mass index(FFMI)(t=12.344,
P<0.001),insignificantly changed body fat(P>0.05),and significantly increased body fat percentage and visceral fat area
(t=-3.258,-2.478,P<0.05). Compared with normal BMI group,overweight/obese group had a more significant decrease
in muscle-related indicators such as fat-free body weight,skeletal muscle mass and FFMI(t=3.525,3.728,3.545,
P<0.05)at 14 days after the allogeneic HSCT. Moreover,the incidence of abnormal fasting glucose and hypercholesterolemia in
2
overweight/obesity group was significantly higher(χ =7.250,4.665,P<0.05). Conclusion We found that overweight/obese
patients had a more significant decrease in skeletal muscle mass,a tendency of visceral fat accumulation,and a higher risk of
abnormal glycolipid metabolism after the allogeneic HSCT. In view of this,more attention should be given to body weight and
body composition in the overweight/obese patients,and corresponding nutrition intervention should be provided to them during the
peri-transplant period.
【Key words】 Obesity;Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation;Hematologic diseases;Body composition;Skeletal
muscle mass;Body mass index;Fat free mass index
超重 / 肥胖是指机体总脂肪和 / 或局部脂肪含量增 者肌肉、脂肪等的变化特点,为其移植期间的营养干预
多及分布异常。随着人们生活水平的不断提高,超重 提供参考。
/ 肥胖人口占比也不断增加,超重 / 肥胖已成为一种全 1 对象与方法
球性的“流行病”。世界卫生组织(WHO)报告指出, 1.1 研究对象 选取 2018 年 11 月至 2021 年 3 月于苏
2016 年全球成年人中有 42% 的人超重 / 肥胖 [1] ,2020 州大学附属第一医院接受异基因造血干细胞移植的血液
年的《中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告》显示,我国有 病患者 212 例为研究对象。纳入标准:(1)符合《内
超过一半的成年人超重 / 肥胖 [2] 。近年来,异基因造 科学》 [11] 对血液病的诊断,有异基因造血干细胞移
血干细胞移植已广泛应用于各种血液病的治疗,而随着 植适应证 [12] ;(2)年龄≥ 18 岁;(3)BMI ≥ 18.5
2
超重 / 肥胖人群数量的增加,相应的接受造血干细胞移 kg/m 。排除标准:(1)治疗前合并对研究结果可能造
植的超重 / 肥胖血液病患者也越来越多。有报道指出, 成偏差的疾病,如消化系统功能障碍、肝功能衰竭、肾
在接受造血干细胞移植的患者中,超重、肥胖患者占比 衰竭、心功能衰竭、严重感染等;(2)合并精神障碍,
较高,分别达 48%、67% [3] 。研究报道,移植前较高 不能配合医护及研究人员进行检测及治疗;(3)治疗
的体质量和体质指数(BMI)水平与较差的预后相关 [4] , 过程中出现严重并发症;(4)体内有心脏起搏器、支
肥胖是移植后患者死亡的独立危险因素 [5] 。既往认为, 架等金属物,不能完成身体成分检测。本研究已通过苏
超重/肥胖患者因体质量基数较大,营养储备较好,因此, 州大学附属第一医院伦理委员会批准(2019 伦研批第
研究人员较少关注到这类患者在移植前后的身体成分变 060 号),并已取得患者的知情同意。
化。然而有研究提示,在白血病的治疗过程中,骨骼肌 1.2 研究方法 本研究为前瞻性队列研究。收集患者
减少、体脂率增加的现象很常见 [6] 。肥胖患者肌肉减 基线资料,包括个人信息(性别、年龄等)和临床资料〔疾
少在多种肿瘤中均与并发症的发生和较高的死亡率独立 病类型、预处理方案、人类白细胞抗原(HLA)配型等〕。
相关 [7] 。然而,肥胖患者的肌肉量减少在一定程度上 分别在入仓时(预处理前 1 d)、预处理后(移植前 1 d)
是隐性的,不能通过低 BMI 来识别 [8] 。近年来,国内 和出仓时(移植后 14 d)评估患者身体成分和糖脂代谢
外的指南将身体成分分析作为诊断肌肉减少的检测方法 相关指标,这三次的评估分别对应患者治疗期间的三个
之一 [9-10] 。因此,本文拟通过身体成分分析的检测方法, 重要的时间节点:拟进行预处理、准备进行移植和移植
探索异基因造血干细胞移植过程中超重 / 肥胖血液病患 后一般造血重建时间。