Page 13 - 2022-26-中国全科医学

·3210· http://www.chinagp.net E-mail:zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn

School of Health Management Policy Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College，Beijing 100730，
China
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Corresponding author：LIU Yuanli，Professor，Doctoral supervisor；E-mail：liuyuanli_pumc@163.com
【Abstract】 Background The National Essential Public Health Services Programs（NEPHSP） is an important
project led by the Chinese government to benefit the people，which is a Chinese practice towards universal health coverage. In
2009，the project was rolled out across the country，and its coverage and influence are second to none in the field of public
health in China. It is necessary to review the 10-year progress of the project and clarify its effectiveness to maintain its sustainable
development. Objective To systematically sort out and summarize the progress and achievements of the NEPHSP made over the
past decade （2009-2019）. Methods We collected the monitoring data （2009-2016） of basic public health projects in 31
provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government） through correspondence，analyzed
the monitoring data of the national basic public health service management platform （2017-2019） and the relevant indicators of
the China Health Statistical Yearbook （2010-2020），and analyzed the coverage of basic public health services in the country
over the past ten years from the perspective of providers. From November to December 2019，a ten-year assessment survey of the
national essential public health services was carried out in Zhejiang Province，Shanxi Province and Chongqing city to investigate
the residents' awareness，utilization，satisfaction and self-assessment benefit rates of NEPHSP from the perspective of the
consumers. Results During the past decade，the coverage of various service items of basic public health in China has increased
significantly：（1） the rate of construction of health file，the rate of construction of electronic health file，and the utilization
rate of health file have increased from 48.78%，35.07% and 22.14% in 2009 to 88.25%，86.82% and 55.34% in 2019，
with an average annual growth rate of 6.41%，10.92% and 15.62% respectively；（2） A total of 6.311 billion printed health
education materials were distributed nationwide，about 337million audio-visual health education materials were broadcasted，
and a total of 1.144 billion people attended health education lectures；（3） By 2019，there were about 109 million registered
hypertensive patients and about 31 357 100 diabetes patients nationwide. The standardized management rate of hypertensive /
diabetes patients has increased by 29.28% and 27.25% respectively in the past decade. The blood pressure / blood glucose control
rate in the population managed for hypertension / diabetes has increased by 16.84% and 24.69% respectively in the past decade，
with an average annual growth rate of 3.28% and 5.56% respectively. The gap in each indicator among the eastern，central and
western regions was gradually narrowing；（4） The rates of early pregnancy enrollment，antenatal examination，postpartum
visit and system management increased by 6.06%，4.60%，7.79% and 9.40% respectively. The ten-year rates of neonatal visit
and health management of 0-6-year-old children increased by 14.09% and 17.82% respectively，with an average annual growth
rate of 1.74% and 2.30%. In 2019，the national elderly health management rate was 67.41%，an increase of 26.23% over 2009，
with an average annual growth rate of 5.96%. The average annual growth rate of TCM health management services for the elderly
and children was 15.00% and 12.97%，respectively；（5）The rate of establishing vaccination certificates and the vaccination
rate of all kinds of vaccines among residents were stable at more than 90%；The standardized management rate of patients with
severe mental disorders reached 89.17% in 2019，the management rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and the regular drug
taking rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients had been stable at more than 95% since 2015；（6） In 2019，the awareness rate
of the national essential public health services programs for participating residents in the survey was 85.4%，the service utilization
rate was 98.7%，the service satisfaction of the key groups was more than 90%，and the self-assessment service benefit rate was
more than 85%；（7） The service capacity of primary medical and health service institutions had been improved，and the
number of institutions had shown a continuous upward trend. The number of personnel in primary medical and health institutions，
the proportion of doctors and nurses，and the proportion of Bachelor degree or above had all increased year by year. Conclusion
Over the past decade，as an important part of basic health services in China，the population coverage of basic public health
services had increased significantly，the goal of wide service coverage had been basically achieved，the health management level
of the focused population had been significantly improved，the effect of health management had been presented，the residents'
sense of access to basic public health services had been gradually improved，and the service capacity of basic medical and health
institutions had been continuously improved. The comprehensive implementation of basic public health services in China is an
important initiative towards the goal of "universal health coverage".
【Key words】 Public health；National Essential Public Health Services Programs；Public health systems research；
Evaluation study；Health management；Sense of fulfillment；China

国家基本公共卫生服务项目是 2009 年我国开启的 童、老年人、慢性疾病患者为重点人群，面向全体居民
新一轮深化医药卫生体制改革的重要组成部分，是我国 免费提供的最基本的公共卫生服务 ［1］ 。本研究在汇总
政府针对城乡居民存在的主要健康问题，以孕产妇、儿 全国统计数据和居民调查结果的基础上，系统梳理和总