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                                                                                                 ·论著·


           中青年首次急性心肌梗死患者疾病应对方式的质性研究



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           李耀霞 ,杨巧红 ,邱玮瑜 ,余红雨 ,黄贤珍 ,柯琦琦                           1                                扫描二维码
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               【摘要】 背景 积极有效的应对方式能够预防疾病复发和延缓并发症的发生。过往研究提示 50% 以上的中青
           年急性心肌梗死患者采取疾病消极应对方式,并对其预后和生命质量造成负向影响,但其疾病应对方式选择的个人及
           社会文化方面的深层原因尚不明晰。自我调节理论已被广泛运用于脑卒中、慢性心力衰竭、慢性阻塞性肺疾病等慢性
           疾病患者的行为分析、综合干预、健康促进等研究中,目前尚缺乏从该理论视角出发深入探讨中青年首次急性心肌梗
           死患者疾病应对方式及其影响因素的研究。目的 基于自我调节系统四因素理论探讨中青年首次急性心肌梗死患者的
           疾病应对方式。方法 采用目的抽样法选取 2021 年 1—6 月暨南大学附属第一医院收治的中青年首次急性心肌梗死患
           者,按照信息饱和原则确定研究样本量,最终纳入 15 例患者。课题组成员和专家对预访谈结果进行分析和评价后确
           定最终访谈提纲,对研究对象进行一对一半结构式访谈。采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,运用 Colaizzi 现象学资
           料 7 步分析法对原始资料进行整理、分析。结果 中青年首次急性心肌梗死患者的疾病应对方式可归纳为 2 个主题:(1)
           积极应对与消极应对并存,包括积极应对(调整心态与控制情绪,正面疾病与自我激励,转变生活方式,寻找新的平
           衡),消极应对(忍耐、回避、无奈接受、屈服、隐瞒);(2)影响应对方式选择的因素(社会支持、预后估计、
           行为益处获得情况、榜样的力量)。结论 中青年首次急性心肌梗死患者的疾病应对方式为积极应对与消极应对并存,
           且消极应对情况不容忽视,医护人员应指导患者及其家属充分利用社会支持系统,进行多途径个性化健康教育,切实
           做好健康行为益处教育,并善于发挥榜样引领、激励和监督的作用,以改善患者疾病消极应对的状况、增强积极应对,
           最终促进患者身心全面康复。
               【关键词】 心肌梗死;中年人;青年人;应对方式;质性研究
               【中图分类号】 R 542.22 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0172
               李耀霞,杨巧红,邱玮瑜,等 . 中青年首次急性心肌梗死患者疾病应对方式的质性研究[J]. 中国全科医学,
           2022,25(24):2992-2997,3012.[www.chinagp.net]
               LI Y X,YANG Q H,QIU W Y,et al. Disease coping styles in young and middle-aged patients with first acute myocardial
           infarction:a qualitative study[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(24):2992-2997,3012.


           Disease Coping Styles in Young and Middle-aged Patients with First Acute Myocardial Infarction:a Qualitative Study
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            LI Yaoxia ,YANG Qiaohong ,QIU Weiyu ,YU Hongyu ,HUANG Xianzhen ,KE Qiqi 1
           1.School of Nursing,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China
           2.Cardiovascular Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,Guangzhou 510630,China
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           Corresponding author:YANG Qiaohong,Associate professor;E-mail:yqiaohong@163.com
               【Abstract】 Background Active and effective coping is contributive to the prevention of disease recurrence and
           delay the development of complications. It has been reported that more than 50% of young and middle-aged patients with acute
           myocardial infarction(AMI) adopt a negative response to the disease,which negatively influences their prognosis and quality
           of life. But the underlying personal and sociocultural factors associated with the choice of disease coping styles in this population
           are still unclear. Self-regulation theory has been extensively used in studies of behaviors,comprehensive intervention,and
           health promotion in patients with stroke,chronic heart failure,or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Currently,there is
           a lack of research on disease coping style and its influencing factors in young and middle-aged patients with first AMI using the
           framework of this theory. Objective To explore disease coping styles in young and middle-aged patients with first AMI using
           the four-component framework of self-regulation theory. Methods Purposive sampling was used to recruit young and middle-
           aged patients with first AMI from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January to June 2021. They were invited
           to attend an individual,semi-structured interview guided using an outline determined based on our research team members and
               基金项目:广东省医学科研基金立项项目(A2019022)
               1.510632 广东省广州市,暨南大学护理学院 2.510630 广东省广州市,暨南大学附属第一医院心血管内科
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               通信作者:杨巧红,副教授;E-mail:yqiaohong@163.com
               本文数字出版日期:2022-06-02
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