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                                              ·热点关注·安宁疗护专题研究(一)·


           英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式

           及其对我国的启示

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           赵越,刘兰秋       *                                                                      查看原文


               【摘要】 社区居家安宁疗护服务是安宁疗护服务的重要组成部分,以社区居家安宁疗护服务为中心是安宁疗护
           服务发展的方向。英国与美国作为开展社区居家安宁疗护服务较早的国家,在社区居家安宁疗护服务的患者准入标准、
           服务团队与服务内容、经费保障等方面都积累了较为丰富的经验,也建立起了相对健全的社区居家安宁疗护服务体系。
           我国可适当借鉴英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务的发展经验,制定适合我国的社区居家安宁疗护服务的患者准入标
           准,加强多学科安宁疗护团队建设,将非药物疗法纳入社区居家安宁疗护服务范畴,实行按床日付费的支付方式,使
           疾病终末期患者能在其熟悉的环境中安详、有尊严地离世,保障其善终权益。
               【关键词】 临终关怀和姑息治疗护理;卫生保健改革;健康老龄化;国家医疗卫生体系;基本医疗卫生服务;
           英国;美国
               【中图分类号】 R 473.51 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0256
               赵越,刘兰秋 . 英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式及其对我国的启示[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,25(19):
           2330-2335.[www.chinagp.net]
               ZHAO Y,LIU L Q. The model of community home-based hospice care delivery in the United Kingdom and the United
           States and its enlightenment to China[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(19):2330-2335.


           The Model of Community Home-based Hospice Care Delivery in the United Kingdom and the United States and Its
           Enlightenment to China ZHAO Yue,LIU Lanqiu *
           School of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
           *
           Corresponding author:LIU Lanqiu,Professor,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:ghmllq@126.com
               【Abstract】 Community home-based hospice care service plays an important role in hospice care service. Focusing on
           community home-based hospice care is the future direction of hospice care service development. As the early countries to develop
           community home-based hospice care delivery,the United Kingdom and the United States have accumulated rich experience in
           patient admission standard,service team and content,and funding guarantee of community home-based hospice care delivery,
           a relatively sound community home-based hospice care delivery system has been established in these two countries. China can
           appropriately learn from the development experience of community home-based hospice care in the United Kingdom and the United
           States,in order to formulate the admission standards of community home-based hospice care,strengthen the construction of
           multidisciplinary hospice care teams,incorporate the non-drug therapy into the scope of community home-based hospice care,
           implement the payment method of per-diem,so that the patients can die peacefully and dignifiedly in a familiar environment with
           their hospice rights protected.
               【Key words】 Hospice and palliative care nursing;Health care reform;Healthy aging;National health system;Basic
           medical and health services;The United Kingdom;The United States


               家是临终患者心灵的重要寄托,研究显示,家作为                          终患者及其照护者提供缓和性和支持性的照顾                     [2] 。社
           患者最熟悉的环境,是晚期癌症患者等临终患者最倾向                            区居家安宁疗护服务因具有不脱离患者生活场域、患者
           的死亡地点     [1] 。社区居家安宁疗护,是指以社区为基                     满意度较高和节省医疗卫生资源等优点,已经成为很多
           础的安宁疗护服务团队为本区域内居住在自己家中的临                            国家和地区安宁疗护服务体系的重要组成部分。建立健
                                                               全社区居家安宁疗护服务,可以为临终患者群体有尊严
               基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(21STA052)——《基本医
           疗卫生与健康促进法》实施中的关键法律问题研究                              地在家人身边度过人生最后一程提供保障。本文在介绍
               100069 北京市,首都医科大学医学人文学院                         英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式的基础上,总结
               *
               通信作者:刘兰秋,教授,博士生导师;E-mail:ghmllq@126.com
               本文数字出版日期:2022-05-26                             其经验,得出完善我国社区居家安宁疗护服务的启示。
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