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selected as survey settings,in which patients with acute pancreatitis treated from 2019 to 2021 were selected as the subjects.
Then the patients were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire for investigating their demographics,awareness level of
acute pancreatitis,and health belief during the three days prior to discharge,and were followed up by telephone at 3,6,and
12 months after the questionnaire survey for acquiring the recurrence. They also attended another survey using a self-designed
questionnaire at the last telephone follow-up for understanding their compliance. Results In all,100 cases attended the survey,
97 of them(97.0%) who effectively responded to the survey were included for final analysis. Among the 97 respondents,62
(63.9%) were fully compliant,27(27.8%) partially compliant,and 8(8.3%) non-compliant. Multivariate Logistic
regression analysis showed that gender〔OR=9.393,95%CI(1.909,46.223)〕,age〔OR=1.048,95%CI(1.000,1.099)〕,
education level 〔OR=0.572,95%CI(0.333,0.985)〕,and awareness level of acute pancreatitis〔OR=0.902,95%CI(0.834,
0.976)〕 were associated with compliance in patients with acute pancreatitis(P<0.05). During the 12 months of follow-up,
41 patients(42.3%) relapsed and 56(57.7%) did not. There was a statistically significant difference in compliance of patients
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with and without recurrence(χ =7.082,P=0.029). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male 〔OR=10.798,
95%CI(1.034,112.781)〕,alcohol consumption〔OR=16.546,95%CI(1.310,209.049)〕,cholelithiasis〔OR=8.502,
95%CI(1.694,42.673)〕,hyperlipidemia〔OR=5.287,95%CI(1.098,25.450)〕,partial compliance〔OR=0.115,
95%CI(0.014,0.947)〕,and noncompliance〔OR=0.036,95%CI(0.003,0.513)〕 were risk factors for the recurrence
of acute pancreatitis(P<0.05).Conclusion The factors affecting the compliance of patients with acute pancreatitis include
gender,age,educational level,and awareness of acute pancreatitis,and compliance may be a key associated factor of the
recurrence rate. Therefore,to reduce the development and recurrence of acute pancreatitis,it is suggested to take actions in
accordance with the associated factors of compliance to promote relevant health education to improve patients' compliance with
medical advice and ability of self-management. In addition,actions should be taken to reduce the influence of risk factors of
recurrence of acute pancreatitis,such as improving unhealthy eating habits,quitting drinking,actively treating hyperlipidemia
and other underlying diseases,and curing cholelithiasis and other predisposing factors as soon as possible.
【Key words】 Acute pancreatitis;Medication adherence;Compliance;Recurrence;Health education
急性胰腺炎是常见的消化系统疾病之一,以局部和全身 本研究价值:
的炎性反应为主要特征 [1] 。相关研究数据显示,17%~29%
目前对于急性胰腺炎的复发情况已有相当多的研究,
的急性胰腺炎患者有一次或多次急性复发,3%~14% 可发展
对于急性胰腺炎的依从性亦有相关研究,但对于依从性与
为慢性胰腺炎 [2] 。研究表明,急性胰腺炎患者依从性较低并
复发情况二者之间的相关性研究较少,本研究对于急性胰
缺乏必要的健康意识 [3-4] 。急性胰腺炎与饮食习惯、生活方
腺炎的复发情况与依从性的影响因素及二者之间的相关性
式密切相关,健康教育是其治疗前、中、后期重要的干预措
进行了调查,最终从患者依从性的角度阐明其可作为影响
施之一,患者的依从情况会直接影响治疗效果与预后情况 [5] 。
复发情况的因素之一,并且可以从该角度入手,加强分层
目前对于急性胰腺炎依从性的影响因素及临床特点已有一些
健康教育,提高医护人员对不同情况的患者采取不同健康
研究,国内外已开展了针对依从性进行健康教育的干预试验,
教育的意识,以达到减少复发、促进康复的目的。
但鲜有对其与复发情况的相关性研究,缺乏数据支持。本研
究旨在调研急性胰腺炎患者依从性的影响因素及其与复发情 项即可诊断为急性胰腺炎。排除标准:慢性胰腺炎;合并胰
况的相关性,提供数据支撑,起到导向作用,增强医护人员 腺脓肿、胰腺假性囊肿等相关并发症;恶性肿瘤;合并严重心、
对健康教育的重视,进而增强患者的依从性,形成一个主动 肝、肾疾病;妊娠;病例资料不完整。本研究通过河北医科
护理与主动参与相结合的良性工作模式。 大学第一医院伦理委员会审批(批准号:20190854),患者
1 对象与方法 均已签署知情同意书。
1.1 研究对象 采用便利抽样法,选择石家庄市 4 家三级甲 1.2 方法
等医院(河北医科大学第一医院、河北医科大学第二医院、 1.2.1 研究方法 本研究在严格遵循问卷编制流程的基础上,
河北医科大学第三医院、河北医科大学第四医院)作为调查 查询相关文献和指南 [6-11] ,针对急性胰腺炎患者饮食习惯、
场所,选取 2019—2021 年该 4 家医院收治的急性胰腺炎患者 疾病知晓度、健康信念设置问卷并对 30 例患者进行预试验。
为调查对象。纳入标准:(1)临床资料完整;(2)符合《中 该问卷调查完成时限为患者出院前 3 d 内,问卷为自行设计,
国急性胰腺炎诊治指南(2019 年,沈阳)》 [6] 中关于急性胰 邀请来自上述 4 家三级甲等医院的 7 名专家审定,并针对问
腺炎的诊断标准:①急性、突发、持续、剧烈的上腹部疼痛, 卷个别条目进行删减、修改、合并、添加之后,发放问卷,
可向背部放射; ②血清淀粉酶和 / 或脂肪酶水平至少高于参 由患者自行填写,研究人员必要时从旁辅助,及时回收。
考值上限值的 3 倍;③增强 CT/MRI 呈急性胰腺炎典型影像学 依据患者留下的联系方式,工作人员于问卷填写后 3、6、
改变(胰腺水肿或胰周渗出积液),上述 3 项标准中符合 2 12 个月分别进行电话随访,了解并确认是否出现胰腺炎复发