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·综述·
自我决定动机对精神分裂症患者康复治疗影响的
研究进展
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于凯,王宇,王伟梁,周郁秋 * 查看原文
【摘要】 精神分裂症是严重危害患者及其家人、社会的重型精神疾病,超 80% 的患者无法完全康复。精神分
裂症迁延难愈的原因之一是患者治疗动机的缺乏,但目前国内有关精神分裂症患者治疗动机的研究较少。自我决定动
机有利于个体积极情感、行为及认知的发展,在促进个体健康行为中发挥着重要的作用。本文通过查阅国内外已有研
究报道,探讨了精神分裂症患者自我决定动机的特征及测量方法,发现其在认知矫正治疗、体育治疗等针对精神分裂
症患者的康复治疗中起到预测并维持患者治疗行为的作用。针对目前尚待解决的问题,未来研究可考虑从精神分裂症
患者的自我决定动机出发,制订精准干预措施,从而改善患者的治疗依从性,提高治愈率。
【关键词】 精神分裂症;认知行为疗法;精神康复;体育康复;治疗;综述;动机;自我决定动机
【中图分类号】 R 749.3 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0103
于凯,王宇,王伟梁,等 . 自我决定动机对精神分裂症患者康复治疗影响的研究进展 [J]. 中国全科医学,
2022,25(21):2675-2679. [www.chinagp.net]
YU K,WANG Y,WANG W L,et al. Recent advances in self-determined motivation towards rehabilitation treatment in
schizophrenia patients[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(21):2675-2679.
Recent Advances in Self-determined Motivation towards Rehabilitation Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients YU
Kai,WANG Yu,WANG Weiliang,ZHOU Yuqiu *
School of Nursing,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150076,China
*
Corresponding author:ZHOU Yuqiu,Professor;E-mail:hlxzyq@162.com
【Abstract】 Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that endangers patients and their families' lives as well as the
society. Over 80% of patients cannot be cured completely,one contributor to which is patients' lack of self-determined motivation
for treatment. There are few studies on self-determined motivation for treatment among patients with schizophrenia in China. Self-
determined motivation facilitates the development of positive emotions,behaviors and cognition,which also plays a vital role
in the promotion health-related behaviors. We reviewed the latest advances in self-determined motivation towards rehabilitation
treatment in schizophrenia patients,and gave a summary of the features and measurement methods regarding self-determined
motivation,as well as its roles in predicting the effect of cognitive remediation,physical therapy and other types of rehabilitation
treatment,and in maintaining treatment adherence. After that,we made suggestions on the problems to be solved. To improve
treatment adherence and cure rate in schizophrenia patients,future studies may focus on developing appropriate interventions in
accordance with the self-determined motivation of the patients.
【Key words】 Schizophrenia;Cognitive behavioral therapy;Psychiatric rehabilitation;Rehabilitation by athletic
sports;Therapy;Review;Motivation;Self-determined motivation
精神分裂症是兼具高复发率和高致残率的重型精神疾病, 患者或来访者求治的愿望与目的,治疗动机的缺乏使超半数
多起病于青壮年,患者常伴有严重的社会功能缺陷和认知功 的精神分裂症患者出现治疗行为(指个体在出现患病症状时,
能损害 [1] ,给患者及其家庭和社会带来沉重的经济和医疗负 为缓解症状或治愈疾病而寻求医疗救治的过程)的缺失及维
担 [2] 。随着医疗水平的发展,尽管目前治疗精神分裂症的手 持困难的现象 [5] ,从而影响到治疗效果 [6] 。因而了解精神
段多样,但完全治愈的患者仍不足 20% [3] ,治愈困难的一大 分裂症患者的动机特征及其对康复治疗产生的影响是提升治
原因是患者的治疗动机缺乏 [4] 。治疗动机指心理治疗过程中 疗效果的关键。
自我决定动机是指按照不同的自我决定程度划分出的所
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(72074063) 有动机类型的总称,自我决定动机理论是理解人类动机的宏
150076 黑龙江省哈尔滨市,哈尔滨医科大学护理学院 观理论,其突破了既往“按量划分动机”的局限,认为动机
*
通信作者:周郁秋,教授;E-mail:hlxzyq@162.com [7]
本文数字出版日期:2022-05-19 是“从外部动机到内部动机之间的动态连续体” 。自我决