Page 54 - 2022-32-中国全科医学
P. 54
http://www.chinagp.net E-mail:zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn ·4019·
*
Corresponding author:KE Honghong,Attending physician;E-mail:khhred2012@126.com
【Abstract】 Background Atrial fibrillation(AF) patients are prone to stroke and peripheral arterial embolism.
Studying the pathogenesis of thrombosis formation in AF and providing effective interventions to reduce the risk is an important
direction of clinical and basic research on AF. Objective To investigate the correlation of markers of inflammation and
endothelial injury with thrombosis in the left atrium(LA) in AF patients. Methods Twenty-nine patients with valvular heart
disease and 10 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent thoracotomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical
University from July 2017 to December 2019 were selected,and divided into sinus rhythm group(15 cases) and AF group 〔24
cases,including 12 with left atrial appendage thrombus(LAAT),and 12 without LAAT〕 according to heart rhythm. General
demographics were collected. Besides that,other data were also collected,including left atrial diameter(LAD) and left
ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),levels of protein kinase B(AKT),nuclear factor-κ B(NF-κ B),high-sensitivity C-reactive
protein(hs-CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),
von Willebrand factor(VWF),intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion factor(VCAM-1)
in the left atrial blood sample,and calculated thrombus area in patients with AF and LAAT. The relationships of LAD,LVEF,
markers of inflammation and endothelial injury with calculated area of thrombus in AF with LAAT patients were analyzed by
Pearson correlation. Results There were significant differences in LAD and LVEF between sinus rhythm patients and AF patients
with or without LAAT(P<0.05). AF patients with and without LAAT had no significant differences in LAD and LVEF(P>0.05).
AF patients without LAAT had higher levels of AKT,NF-κB,IL-8,ET-1,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and lower NO level in left
atrium than patients with sinus rhythm(P<0.05). AF patients with LAAT had higher levels of AKT and hs-CRP,and lower NO
level in left atrium than those without(P<0.05). AF patients with and without LAAT had no significant differences in levels of
NF-κB,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,ET-1,vWF,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1(P>0.05). The maximum area,minimum area,
2
2
and average area of the left atrial appendage thrombus in AF patients with LAAT were 4.8 cm ,1.67 cm ,and(3.48±0.83)
2
cm ,respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed LAD,LVEF,AKT,NF-κB,hs-CRP,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,
ET-1,NO,vWF,ICAM-1,and VCAM-1 had no linear correlation with the area of thrombus in AF patients with LAAT(P>0.05).
Conclusion Increased levels of markers of inflammation and endothelial injury in left atrium were found in AF patients,which
were even more higher when the patients also had LAAT . Detecting the markers of inflammation and endothelial injury in left
atrium is helpful to evaluate the thrombus prevalence in AF patients.
【Key words】 Atrial fibrillation;Thromboembolism;Atrial function;Inflammatory factors;Endothelium,vascular
心房颤动(以下简称房颤)是目前临床上最常见的 1 资料与方法
快速型心律失常,出现脑卒中、外周动脉栓塞和心力衰 1.1 一般资料 选取 2017 年 7 月至 2019 年 12 月在广
竭等并发症会严重威胁患者的生命和生活质量,增加社 西医科大学第一附属医院接受开胸心脏手术的瓣膜性心
会医疗和经济负担。因此,研究房颤血栓形成的具体机 脏病患者 29 例、冠心病患者 10 例;其中男 28 例,女
制并进行有效干预以减少血栓形成的风险,是目前房颤 11 例。患者依据心律情况分为窦性心律组 15 例和房颤
基础和临床研究的重要方向。目前对于患者发生房颤时 组 24 例。房颤组的 24 例患者再依据血栓情况分为无左
血栓形成的复杂分子生物学机制仍未完全明确。 心耳血栓和有左心耳血栓两个亚组,分别为房颤 + 左心
血栓形成是一个机体促凝 / 抗凝失平衡的过程,其 耳血栓亚组和房颤无左心耳血栓亚组,各 12 例。入组
中涉及多种细胞因子和凝血因子的参与。血液流体状态 的患者均符合所在组别的瓣膜性心脏病 [3] 、冠心病 [4]
[5]
的维持有赖于促凝 / 抗凝系统之间保持的稳定平衡,任 及房颤 的诊断标准。排除标准:4周内服用抗凝药物者;
何打破这一平衡的因素,均可诱导血栓形成 [1] 。在血 伴有感染、严重脑血管疾病、主动脉夹层、糖尿病、自
栓形成过程中,炎性因子和血管内皮细胞损伤起着非常 身免疫性疾病、恶性肿瘤和严重肝、肾疾病者。本研究
重要的作用。磷酸化蛋白激酶 B(p-AKT)与核转录因 通过广西医科大学第一附属医院医学伦理委员会批准,
子 κB(NF-κB)是重要的转录因子,两者通过多种 审批号:2022-KY-E-(171)。研究对象均对本研究知
生物学信号转导进程调控内皮细胞活化,从而缓解血液 情同意。
的高凝状态,参与内皮损伤和炎症的进程 [2] 。 1.2 方法 收集患者的一般资料,包括年龄、性别、
本研究通过检测房颤伴或不伴血栓患者的左心房血 体质指数(BMI)、吸烟情况(每日吸 1 支以上纸烟为
液 AKT、NF-κB、炎性因子及内皮损伤标志物的表达 吸烟)、糖尿病合并情况、高血压合并情况。各组患者
变化,探讨房颤患者左心房血清炎性因子和血管内皮损 于术前采用经胸超声心动图评估左心房内径(LAD)和
伤标志物水平变化与血栓的相关性。 左心室射血分数(LVEF)。房颤伴左心耳血栓患者术