Page 48 - 2022-27-中国全科医学

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Mediating Effect of Exercise on the Relationship between Biased Constitution and Health-related Quality of Life
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LIU Wenqiong ，ZHU Yanbo ，MA Fanghui ，WU Xinrui ，LOU Yueheng ，ZHAO Xinyuan ，LI Yuqiong ，LONG Liqun ，
CHEN Pipi 1
1.School of Management，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 102488，China
2.Haidian Town Community Health Center，Beijing 100080，China
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Corresponding author：ZHU Yanbo，Professor，Doctoral supervisor；E-mail：yanbo0722@sina.com
【Abstract】 Background The pairwise correlation among biased constitution，exercise and health-related quality of
life （HRQOL） has been extensively studied，while the relationship among the three has been rarely explored. Objective To
explore the mediating effect of exercise on the relationship of 8 kinds of biased constitution with HRQOL. Methods By use of
convenience sampling，unpaid blood donors and their companions were selected as participants from blood donation cabins and
blood collecting vehicles of Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from July to November 2015 and May to September 2016 . The exercise
level was obtained by the self-report method. The biased constitution was assessed using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine
Questionaire（CCMQ）. The HRQOL was evaluated by the Chinese version of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36），
and a higher score indicates a higher quality of life. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation among HRQOL
（score of SF-36），exercise level and 8 kinds of biased constitution. Multiple linear regression model was applied to explore the
mediating effect of exercise on the relationship between HRQOL and biased constitution. Results A total of 1 828 cases attended
the survey，1 771 of them returned questionnaires，and after excluding 29 who inappropriately（incompletely or illogically）
answered questionnaires，the remaining 1 742 cases（95.30%） were included for analysis. The mean SF-36 score of 1 742
subjects was （84.42±12.05） points. And the mean scores of the 8 biased constitution subscales of CCMQ for them were： qi-
deficiency：（23.20±14.61） points，yang-deficiency：（20.03±18.12） points，yin-deficiency： （20.87±15.20）
points，phlegm-dampness：（19.78±14.65） points，dampness-heat：（21.70±16.57） points，blood-stasis：（17.68±14.08）
points，qi-depression：（19.63±15.63） points，specific-diathesis：（15.30±13.62） points. The score of each of the
8 kinds of biased constitution was negatively correlated with HRQOL（r：-0.413 - -0.612，P<0.01）. Except for specific-
diathesis type，biased constitution scores were negatively correlated with exercise level（r：-0.072 - -0.176，P<0.01）.
Exercise level was positively correlated with HRQOL （r=0.145，P<0.01）. Mediation analysis revealed that，exercise played a
significant mediating effect on the relationship between HRQOL and biased constitution except the specific-diathesis type（P<0.05）.
And the size of mediating effect in a descending order was 2.13% between HRQOL and phlegm-dampness，2.05% between
HRQOL and yang-deficiency，1.88% between HRQOL and dampness-heat，1.55% between HRQOL and yin-deficiency， 1.48%
between HRQOL and blood-stasis，1.37% between HRQOL and qi-depression，1.16% between HRQOL and qi-deficiency.
Conclusion Eight kinds of biased constitution （phlegm-dampness，yang-deficiency，dampness-heat，yin-deficiency，
blood-stasis，qi-depression，qi-deficiency，and specific-diathesis） negatively affected the HRQOL. Although exercise
partially played a role in mediating the relationship of HRQOL with the other 7 types of biased constitution except specific-
diathesis，the effect size was generally little.
【Key words】 Traditional Chinese medicine constitution；Biased constitution；Health-related quality of life；Sports；
Mediating effect

健康是人类永恒的话题，随着人类文明的进步和生 气郁质、特禀质，除平和质外，其余 8 种体质统称为偏
活水平的提高，人们的健康观有了很大的变化。健康相 颇质。研究发现 8 种偏颇质均对 HRQOL 有负面影响 ［5-7］ 。
关生命质量（Health Related Quality of Life，HRQOL）作 运动是健康的有利因素，史会梅等 ［8］ 研究表明，增加
为一种全面的综合评价指标体系，可全面评价患者生理、 运动可以在一定程度上改善健康状况。
心理和社会生活等方面的健康状况，符合“以人为中心” 中介变量是一个重要的统计概念，如果自变量 X
的现代社会卫生服务理念 ［1-2］ 。体质是一种客观存在的 通过某一变量 M 对因变量 Y 产生影响，则称 M 为 X 和
生命现象，是个体生命过程中在先天禀赋和后天获得的 Y 的中介变量 ［9］ 。研究中介作用的目的是在已知 X 和
基础上所形成的形态结构、生理功能和心理状态等方面 Y 关系的基础上，探索产生这个关系的内部作用机制。
综合的、相对稳定的固有特质 ［3］ 。体质与个体健康状 中介变量的研究不仅可以解释关系背后的作用机制，还
态密切相关，越来越多的研究表明，中医体质因素和人 能整合已有的研究或理论，具有显著的理论和实践意
群 HRQOL 密切相关。王琦 ［4］ 将体质分为 9 种：平和质、 义 ［10］ 。既往研究显示偏颇质、运动及 HRQOL 两两相关，
气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、 但关于三者之间关系的研究还很少，特别是对偏颇质如