Chinese General Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (26): 3297-3303.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0087

Special Issue: 脑健康最新研究合辑

• Original Research·Research on Geriatric·Cognitive Impairment • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: a Survey and Analysis of Influencing Factors

  

  1. 1.Department of General Medicine, Dachang Community Health Service Center of Baoshan District, Shanghai 200442, China
    2.General Faculty and Research Group, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
    3.Department of General Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2024-03-10 Revised:2024-05-15 Published:2024-09-15 Online:2024-06-14
  • Contact: HUANG Yanyan
  • About author:

    FENG Yuhui and LI Shanshan are co-first authors

老年人认知功能障碍调查及其影响因素研究

  

  1. 1.200442 上海市宝山区大场镇大场社区卫生服务中心全科医学科
    2.200040 上海市,复旦大学附属华山医院全科医学教研组
    3.200040 上海市,复旦大学附属华山医院全科医学科
  • 通讯作者: 黄延焱
  • 作者简介:

    冯钰惠与李珊珊为共同第一作者

    作者贡献:

    冯钰惠负责文章的构思与设计,统计学处理,表格的绘制与展示;冯钰惠及李珊珊共同负责结果分析与解释、论文撰写及修订;陶剑文负责研究的实施与可行性分析、现场质量控制、数据收集;黄延焱负责研究的实施与可行性分析、文章的质量控制与审校,对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030-脑科学与类脑研究重大项目(2022ZD0211600)

Abstract:

Background

With the intensifying trend of population aging, cognitive impairment has become one of China's significant public health challenges. The impact of lifestyle on cognitive impairment warrants further exploration.

Objective

This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly in the Baoshan District of Shanghai and analyze how educational level, economic status, lifestyle, and comorbidities affect cognitive impairment, providing a scientific basis for early prevention and control.

Methods

From July 2020 to August 2020, a stratified random sampling method was employed to survey 374 residents aged 65 and older in the Dachang Community of Baoshan District, using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale (MoCA-B) for cognitive evaluation. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing cognitive impairment among the elderly.

Results

A total of 374 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with a response rate of 100.0%. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the suburban elderly population over the age of 65 in Shanghai was 37.7% (141/374). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that socializing and chatting (OR=0.574, 95%CI=0.350-0.941) were protective factors against cognitive impairment (P<0.05), while aging (OR=1.568, 95%CI=1.207-2.307), living alone (OR=3.569, 95%CI=1.079-11.807), and daily sedentary time of ≥3 hours (OR=1.944, 95%CI=1.091-3.462) were risk factors (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Over one-third of the elderly in the suburban areas of Shanghai suffer from cognitive impairment; advanced age, living alone, and prolonged daily sedentary behavior are significant risk factors that should be closely monitored.

Key words: Cognitive impairment, Aged, Root cause analysis, Lifestyle, Multivariate Logistic regression analysis

摘要:

背景

随着人口老龄化趋势的加剧,认知功能障碍已成为中国重要的公共卫生问题之一,其中生活方式对认知功能障碍的影响值得深入探索。

目的

了解上海市宝山区老年人认知功能障碍的患病情况,并分析文化程度、经济状况、生活方式、合并症等因素对其认知功能障碍的影响,为早期防控提供科学依据。

方法

2020年7—8月,采用分层随机抽样的方法,对上海市宝山区大场社区374名65岁以上居民进行问卷调查,同时采用蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表(MoCA-B)进行认知评定。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究老年人认知功能障碍的影响因素。

结果

共回收有效问卷374份,有效回收率为100.0%。上海市郊区65岁以上老年人认知功能障碍患病率为37.7%(141/374)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,聚会、聊天(OR=0.574,95%CI=0.350~0.941)是老年人认知功能障碍的保护因素(P<0.05),而增龄(OR=1.568,95%CI=1.207~2.307)、独居(OR=3.569,95%CI=1.079~11.807)、每天静坐时间≥3 h(OR=1.944,95%CI=1.091~3.462)是老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论

上海市郊区老年人认知功能障碍患病率超过1/3;高龄、独居、每日长时间静坐是老年人认知功能障碍的高危因素,应重点关注。

关键词: 认知功能障碍, 老年人, 影响因素分析, 生活方式, 多因素Logistic回归分析