Urinary incontinence often occurs in women aged 40-60 years and contributes to a significant impact on women's physical health and quality of life.

To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life in women aged 40-60 years in Guizhou Province.

From June 2022 to January 2023, women aged 40-60 years who underwent health checkups in 10 hospitals in 7 regions of Guizhou Province were selected as the study subjects. A self-designed general data questionnaire was used to collect the basic data of the study subjects, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and Incontinence Quality of Life Measure (I-QoL) were used to determine the severity of urinary incontinence and the level of quality of life of the study subjects, respectively. Different types of incontinence, including stress incontinence, urge incontinence, and mixed incontinence, were determined according to the diagnostic criteria established by the International Continence Society (ICS). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of urinary incontinence, and explore the effects of different types and severity levels of urinary incontinence on patients' quality of life.

A total of 3 000 questionnaires were distributed, and 2 966 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid recovery rate of 98.9%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence among the 2 966 study subjects was 33.4% (991/2 966), including 20.1% (596/2 966) for stress incontinence, 2.0% (58/2 966) for urge incontinence, and 11.4% (337/2 966) for mixed incontinence. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that physical exercise, menstrual status, parity, history of pelvic organ prolapse, perineal laceration, and lateral episiotomy were the influencing factors of stress incontinence (P<0.05) ; history of pelvic surgery, number of miscarriages, and neonatal weight were the influencing factors of urge incontinence (P<0.05), waist circumference, history of chronic pelvic pain, pelvic organ prolapse, perineal laceration were factors associated with mixed incontinence (P<0.05). The total score of I-QoL, scores of behavioral limitations, psychological impact, and social activities impairment were lower in patients with mixed incontinence than those with stress and urge incontinence (P<0.05) ; the total score of I-QoL, scores of behavioral limitations, psychological impact, and social activity impairment were lower in the severe incontinence patients than those with mild and moderate incontinence (P<0.05) .

Guizhou Province has a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence of 33.41% in women aged 40-60 years, influencing factors differ for different types of urinary incontinence, mixed incontinence and severe urinary incontinence have the greatest impact on patients' quality of life, to provide a reference basis for prevention and health management in this population.

尿失禁好发于40~60岁女性，其对女性身体健康及生活质量可造成严重影响。

了解贵州省40~60岁女性尿失禁的患病率及其影响因素，以及尿失禁对生活质量的影响。

于2022年6月—2023年1月，选取贵州省7个地区10家医院行健康体检的40~60岁女性为研究对象，采用自制的一般资料调查表收集研究对象的基本资料，分别采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会女性下尿路症状问卷量表（ICIQ-FLUTS）和尿失禁生活质量问卷（I-QoL）测定研究对象尿失禁的严重程度和生活质量水平，根据国际尿控协会（ICS）制定的诊断标准，判断尿失禁类型，包括压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究尿失禁的影响因素，并探究不同尿失禁类型和尿失禁的严重程度对患者生活质量的影响。

共发放问卷3 000份，回收有效问卷2 966份，有效回收率为98.9%。2 966名研究对象中，尿失禁的患病率为33.4%（991/2 966），其中压力性尿失禁患病率为20.1%（596/2 966），急迫性尿失禁患病率为2.0%（58/2 966），混合性尿失禁患病率为11.4%（337/2 966）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，体育锻炼、月经情况、产次、盆腔器官脱垂史、会阴裂伤、会阴侧切是压力性尿失禁的影响因素（P<0.05）；盆腔手术史、流产次数、新生儿体质量是急迫性尿失禁的影响因素（P<0.05）；腰围、慢性盆腔疼痛史、盆腔器官脱垂史、会阴裂伤是混合性尿失禁的影响因素（P<0.05）。混合性尿失禁患者I-QoL总分、行为限制得分、心理影响得分、社会活动障碍得分均低于压力性尿失禁和急迫性尿失禁（P<0.05）；重度尿失禁患者I-QoL总分、行为限制得分、心理影响得分、社会活动障碍得分均低于轻度和中度患者（P<0.05）。

贵州省40~60岁女性尿失禁的患病率较高，为33.41%，不同类型尿失禁的影响因素不同，混合性尿失禁和重度尿失禁对患者生活质量的影响最大，为该人群的预防和健康管理提供参考依据。