Chinese General Practice ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (28): 3526-3532.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0026
Special Issue: 老年人群健康最新文章合集; 共病最新文章合集; 全民健康最新文章合集; 老年问题最新文章合集
• Original Research·Foucus on Health Status in Middle-aged and Older Populations • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2023-01-10
Revised:
2023-05-25
Published:
2023-10-05
Online:
2023-06-08
Contact:
ZHENG Jianzhong, TONG Yan
通讯作者:
郑建中, 佟岩
作者简介:
基金资助:
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0026
项目 | 人数 | 健康促进行为 | χ2(χ2趋势)值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
达健康水平 | 未达健康水平 | ||||
年龄(岁) | 1.015a | 0.314 | |||
65~ | 1 370 | 483(35.26) | 887(64.74) | ||
75~ | 583 | 226(38.77) | 357(61.23) | ||
85~ | 57 | 19(33.33) | 38(66.67) | ||
性别 | 1.004 | 0.316 | |||
男 | 963 | 338(35.10) | 625(64.90) | ||
女 | 1 047 | 390(37.25) | 657(62.75) | ||
户籍所在地 | 169.831 | <0.001 | |||
城镇 | 873 | 177(20.27) | 696(79.73) | ||
农村 | 1 137 | 551(48.46) | 586(51.54) | ||
文化程度 | 145.937a | <0.001 | |||
小学以下 | 994 | 475(47.79) | 519(52.21) | ||
小学 | 506 | 171(33.79) | 335(66.21) | ||
初中 | 332 | 59(17.77) | 273(82.23) | ||
高中及以上 | 178 | 23(12.92) | 155(87.08) | ||
婚姻状况 | 53.344 | <0.001 | |||
非在婚 | 485 | 243(50.10) | 242(49.90) | ||
在婚 | 1 525 | 485(31.80) | 1 040(68.20) | ||
个人月收入(元/月) | 182.082 | <0.001 | |||
<2 000 | 1 288 | 606(47.05) | 682(52.95) | ||
≥2 000 | 722 | 122(16.90) | 600(83.10) | ||
抑郁症状 | 1.307 | 0.253 | |||
无 | 1 267 | 447(35.28) | 820(64.72) | ||
有 | 743 | 281(37.82) | 462(62.18) | ||
认知障碍 | 14.591 | <0.001 | |||
无 | 1 107 | 360(32.52) | 747(67.48) | ||
有 | 903 | 368(40.75) | 535(59.25) | ||
慢性病共病 | 8.849 | 0.003 | |||
否 | 1 387 | 532(38.36) | 855(61.64) | ||
是 | 623 | 196(31.46) | 427(68.54) |
Table 1 Comparison of the attainment of healthy levels of health promotion behaviors among older adults with different characteristics
项目 | 人数 | 健康促进行为 | χ2(χ2趋势)值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
达健康水平 | 未达健康水平 | ||||
年龄(岁) | 1.015a | 0.314 | |||
65~ | 1 370 | 483(35.26) | 887(64.74) | ||
75~ | 583 | 226(38.77) | 357(61.23) | ||
85~ | 57 | 19(33.33) | 38(66.67) | ||
性别 | 1.004 | 0.316 | |||
男 | 963 | 338(35.10) | 625(64.90) | ||
女 | 1 047 | 390(37.25) | 657(62.75) | ||
户籍所在地 | 169.831 | <0.001 | |||
城镇 | 873 | 177(20.27) | 696(79.73) | ||
农村 | 1 137 | 551(48.46) | 586(51.54) | ||
文化程度 | 145.937a | <0.001 | |||
小学以下 | 994 | 475(47.79) | 519(52.21) | ||
小学 | 506 | 171(33.79) | 335(66.21) | ||
初中 | 332 | 59(17.77) | 273(82.23) | ||
高中及以上 | 178 | 23(12.92) | 155(87.08) | ||
婚姻状况 | 53.344 | <0.001 | |||
非在婚 | 485 | 243(50.10) | 242(49.90) | ||
在婚 | 1 525 | 485(31.80) | 1 040(68.20) | ||
个人月收入(元/月) | 182.082 | <0.001 | |||
<2 000 | 1 288 | 606(47.05) | 682(52.95) | ||
≥2 000 | 722 | 122(16.90) | 600(83.10) | ||
抑郁症状 | 1.307 | 0.253 | |||
无 | 1 267 | 447(35.28) | 820(64.72) | ||
有 | 743 | 281(37.82) | 462(62.18) | ||
认知障碍 | 14.591 | <0.001 | |||
无 | 1 107 | 360(32.52) | 747(67.48) | ||
有 | 903 | 368(40.75) | 535(59.25) | ||
慢性病共病 | 8.849 | 0.003 | |||
否 | 1 387 | 532(38.36) | 855(61.64) | ||
是 | 623 | 196(31.46) | 427(68.54) |
项目 | 人数 | 患慢性病种数 | 发生慢性病共病 | χ2(χ2趋势)值a | P值 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0种 | 1种 | 2种 | ≥3种 | |||||
年龄(岁) | 3.608b | 0.058 | ||||||
65~ | 1 370 | 453(33.07) | 511(37.30) | 283(20.66) | 123(8.98) | 406(29.64) | ||
75~ | 583 | 154(26.42) | 232(39.79) | 136(23.33) | 61(10.46) | 197(33.79) | ||
85~ | 57 | 17(29.82) | 20(35.09) | 12(21.05) | 8(14.04) | 20(35.09) | ||
性别 | 24.704 | <0.001 | ||||||
男 | 963 | 365(37.90) | 351(36.45) | 176(18.28) | 71(7.37) | 247(25.65) | ||
女 | 1 047 | 259(24.74) | 412(39.35) | 255(24.36) | 121(11.56) | 376(35.91) | ||
户籍所在地 | 39.283 | <0.001 | ||||||
城镇 | 873 | 243(27.84) | 295(33.79) | 209(23.94) | 126(14.43) | 335(38.37) | ||
农村 | 1 137 | 381(33.51) | 468(41.16) | 222(19.53) | 66(5.80) | 288(25.33) | ||
文化程度 | 1.449b | 0.229 | ||||||
小学以下 | 994 | 283(28.47) | 393(39.54) | 229(23.04) | 89(8.95) | 318(31.99) | ||
小学 | 506 | 188(37.15) | 198(39.13) | 84(16.60) | 36(7.11) | 120(23.72) | ||
初中 | 332 | 101(30.42) | 109(32.83) | 76(22.89) | 46(13.86) | 122(36.75) | ||
高中及以上 | 178 | 52(29.21) | 63(35.39) | 42(23.60) | 21(11.80) | 63(35.39) | ||
婚姻状况 | 5.969 | 0.015 | ||||||
非在婚 | 485 | 120(24.74) | 193(39.79) | 124(25.57) | 48(9.90) | 172(35.46) | ||
在婚 | 1 525 | 504(33.05) | 570(37.38) | 307(20.13) | 144(9.44) | 451(29.57) | ||
个人月收入(元/月) | 24.478 | <0.001 | ||||||
<2 000 | 1 288 | 428(33.23) | 510(39.60) | 263(20.42) | 87(6.75) | 350(27.17) | ||
≥2 000 | 722 | 196(27.15) | 253(35.04) | 168(23.27) | 105(14.54) | 273(37.81) | ||
抑郁症状 | 11.342 | <0.001 | ||||||
无 | 1 267 | 423(33.39) | 485(38.28) | 267(21.07) | 92(7.26) | 359(28.33) | ||
有 | 743 | 201(27.05) | 278(37.42) | 164(22.07) | 100(13.46) | 264(35.53) | ||
认知障碍 | 2.083 | 0.149 | ||||||
无 | 1 107 | 327(29.54) | 422(38.12) | 245(22.13) | 113(10.21) | 358(32.34) | ||
有 | 903 | 297(32.89) | 341(37.76) | 186(20.60) | 79(8.75) | 265(29.35) | ||
健康促进行为水平 | 20.325b | <0.001 | ||||||
差 | 39 | 9(23.08) | 10(25.64) | 14(35.90) | 6(15.38) | 20(51.28) | ||
一般 | 689 | 215(31.20) | 298(43.25) | 142(20.61) | 34(4.93) | 176(25.54) | ||
良好 | 917 | 279(30.43) | 331(36.10) | 198(21.59) | 109(11.89) | 307(33.48) | ||
优秀 | 365 | 121(33.15) | 124(33.97) | 77(21.10) | 43(11.78) | 120(32.88) |
Table 2 Prevalence of chronic diseases and occurrence of multimorbidity among older adults with different characteristics
项目 | 人数 | 患慢性病种数 | 发生慢性病共病 | χ2(χ2趋势)值a | P值 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0种 | 1种 | 2种 | ≥3种 | |||||
年龄(岁) | 3.608b | 0.058 | ||||||
65~ | 1 370 | 453(33.07) | 511(37.30) | 283(20.66) | 123(8.98) | 406(29.64) | ||
75~ | 583 | 154(26.42) | 232(39.79) | 136(23.33) | 61(10.46) | 197(33.79) | ||
85~ | 57 | 17(29.82) | 20(35.09) | 12(21.05) | 8(14.04) | 20(35.09) | ||
性别 | 24.704 | <0.001 | ||||||
男 | 963 | 365(37.90) | 351(36.45) | 176(18.28) | 71(7.37) | 247(25.65) | ||
女 | 1 047 | 259(24.74) | 412(39.35) | 255(24.36) | 121(11.56) | 376(35.91) | ||
户籍所在地 | 39.283 | <0.001 | ||||||
城镇 | 873 | 243(27.84) | 295(33.79) | 209(23.94) | 126(14.43) | 335(38.37) | ||
农村 | 1 137 | 381(33.51) | 468(41.16) | 222(19.53) | 66(5.80) | 288(25.33) | ||
文化程度 | 1.449b | 0.229 | ||||||
小学以下 | 994 | 283(28.47) | 393(39.54) | 229(23.04) | 89(8.95) | 318(31.99) | ||
小学 | 506 | 188(37.15) | 198(39.13) | 84(16.60) | 36(7.11) | 120(23.72) | ||
初中 | 332 | 101(30.42) | 109(32.83) | 76(22.89) | 46(13.86) | 122(36.75) | ||
高中及以上 | 178 | 52(29.21) | 63(35.39) | 42(23.60) | 21(11.80) | 63(35.39) | ||
婚姻状况 | 5.969 | 0.015 | ||||||
非在婚 | 485 | 120(24.74) | 193(39.79) | 124(25.57) | 48(9.90) | 172(35.46) | ||
在婚 | 1 525 | 504(33.05) | 570(37.38) | 307(20.13) | 144(9.44) | 451(29.57) | ||
个人月收入(元/月) | 24.478 | <0.001 | ||||||
<2 000 | 1 288 | 428(33.23) | 510(39.60) | 263(20.42) | 87(6.75) | 350(27.17) | ||
≥2 000 | 722 | 196(27.15) | 253(35.04) | 168(23.27) | 105(14.54) | 273(37.81) | ||
抑郁症状 | 11.342 | <0.001 | ||||||
无 | 1 267 | 423(33.39) | 485(38.28) | 267(21.07) | 92(7.26) | 359(28.33) | ||
有 | 743 | 201(27.05) | 278(37.42) | 164(22.07) | 100(13.46) | 264(35.53) | ||
认知障碍 | 2.083 | 0.149 | ||||||
无 | 1 107 | 327(29.54) | 422(38.12) | 245(22.13) | 113(10.21) | 358(32.34) | ||
有 | 903 | 297(32.89) | 341(37.76) | 186(20.60) | 79(8.75) | 265(29.35) | ||
健康促进行为水平 | 20.325b | <0.001 | ||||||
差 | 39 | 9(23.08) | 10(25.64) | 14(35.90) | 6(15.38) | 20(51.28) | ||
一般 | 689 | 215(31.20) | 298(43.25) | 142(20.61) | 34(4.93) | 176(25.54) | ||
良好 | 917 | 279(30.43) | 331(36.10) | 198(21.59) | 109(11.89) | 307(33.48) | ||
优秀 | 365 | 121(33.15) | 124(33.97) | 77(21.10) | 43(11.78) | 120(32.88) |
后项 | 前项 | 支持度(%) | 置信度(%) | 提升度 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高血压 | 冠心病 | 19.40 | 77.95 | 1.36 |
高血压 | 脑卒中 | 7.56 | 76.32 | 1.33 |
高血压 | 糖尿病 | 16.07 | 71.83 | 1.26 |
高血压 | 哮喘 | 3.53 | 67.61 | 1.18 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、冠心病 | 1.34 | 55.56 | 10.34 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、高血压 | 2.39 | 52.08 | 9.69 |
冠心病 | 慢性肺病、高血压 | 2.94 | 52.54 | 2.71 |
高血压 | 哮喘、冠心病 | 1.34 | 85.19 | 1.49 |
高血压 | 糖尿病、冠心病 | 4.53 | 84.62 | 1.48 |
高血压 | 脑卒中、冠心病 | 2.79 | 78.57 | 1.37 |
高血压 | 哮喘、慢性肺病 | 1.69 | 73.53 | 1.29 |
高血压 | 慢性肺病、冠心病 | 2.14 | 72.09 | 1.26 |
高血压 | 脑卒中、糖尿病 | 1.69 | 64.71 | 1.13 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、冠心病、高血压 | 1.14 | 60.87 | 11.33 |
冠心病 | 哮喘、慢性肺病、高血压 | 1.24 | 56.00 | 2.89 |
冠心病 | 脑卒中、糖尿病、高血压 | 1.09 | 50.00 | 2.58 |
Table 3 Association rules of binary,ternary and quaternary patterns of multimorbidity in the elderly
后项 | 前项 | 支持度(%) | 置信度(%) | 提升度 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高血压 | 冠心病 | 19.40 | 77.95 | 1.36 |
高血压 | 脑卒中 | 7.56 | 76.32 | 1.33 |
高血压 | 糖尿病 | 16.07 | 71.83 | 1.26 |
高血压 | 哮喘 | 3.53 | 67.61 | 1.18 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、冠心病 | 1.34 | 55.56 | 10.34 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、高血压 | 2.39 | 52.08 | 9.69 |
冠心病 | 慢性肺病、高血压 | 2.94 | 52.54 | 2.71 |
高血压 | 哮喘、冠心病 | 1.34 | 85.19 | 1.49 |
高血压 | 糖尿病、冠心病 | 4.53 | 84.62 | 1.48 |
高血压 | 脑卒中、冠心病 | 2.79 | 78.57 | 1.37 |
高血压 | 哮喘、慢性肺病 | 1.69 | 73.53 | 1.29 |
高血压 | 慢性肺病、冠心病 | 2.14 | 72.09 | 1.26 |
高血压 | 脑卒中、糖尿病 | 1.69 | 64.71 | 1.13 |
慢性肺病 | 哮喘、冠心病、高血压 | 1.14 | 60.87 | 11.33 |
冠心病 | 哮喘、慢性肺病、高血压 | 1.24 | 56.00 | 2.89 |
冠心病 | 脑卒中、糖尿病、高血压 | 1.09 | 50.00 | 2.58 |
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
营养维度得分 | 1.072(1.029,1.116) | 0.001 | 1.068(1.025,1.112) | 0.002 | 1.037(0.993,1.082) | 0.099 | 1.038(0.994,1.083) | 0.091 |
健康责任维度得分 | 1.047(1.023,1.071) | <0.001 | 1.044(1.021,1.069) | <0.001 | 1.043(1.019,1.068) | <0.001 | 1.038(1.013,1.063) | 0.002 |
自我实现维度得分 | 1.004(0.979,1.029) | 0.772 | 1.006(0.981,1.032) | 0.617 | 1.005(0.980,1.031) | 0.698 | 1.010(0.984,1.036) | 0.469 |
人际关系维度得分 | 1.002(0.971,1.035) | 0.891 | 1.001(0.969,1.033) | 0.972 | 1.008(0.975,1.042) | 0.631 | 1.011(0.978,1.045) | 0.510 |
体力活动维度得分 | 0.961(0.927,0.997) | 0.034 | 0.958(0.924,0.994) | 0.023 | 0.958(0.923,0.994) | 0.024 | 0.960(0.925,0.997) | 0.032 |
压力管理维度得分 | 0.965(0.940,0.990) | 0.006 | 0.970(0.945,0.995) | 0.021 | 0.963(0.938,0.989) | 0.006 | 0.963(0.938,0.989) | 0.006 |
年龄(岁,以65~为参照) | ||||||||
75~ | 1.165(0.942,1.440) | 0.158 | 1.022(0.817,1.280) | 0.847 | 0.988(0.787,1.240) | 0.918 | ||
85~ | 1.265(0.717,2.231) | 0.417 | 1.044(0.584,1.865) | 0.884 | 0.960(0.535,1.723) | 0.890 | ||
性别(以男为参照) | ||||||||
女 | 1.607(1.321,1.954) | <0.001 | 1.497(1.206,1.858) | <0.001 | 1.447(1.163,1.800) | 0.001 | ||
户籍所在地(以城镇为参照) | ||||||||
农村 | 0.650(0.501,0.843) | 0.001 | 0.643(0.495,0.835) | 0.001 | ||||
文化程度(以小学以下为参照) | ||||||||
小学 | 0.614(0.471,0.800) | <0.001 | 0.543(0.395,0.748) | <0.001 | ||||
初中 | 1.018(0.745,1.392) | 0.910 | 1.001(0.730,1.373) | 0.994 | ||||
高中及以上 | 0.896(0.603,1.330) | 0.585 | 0.885(0.595,1.316) | 0.547 | ||||
婚姻状况(以非在婚为参照) | ||||||||
在婚 | 0.833(0.656,1.058) | 0.134 | 0.836(0.658,1.061) | 0.141 | ||||
个人月收入(元/月,以<2 000为参照) | ||||||||
≥2 000 | 1.257(0.965,1.637) | 0.091 | 1.269(0.973,1.654) | 0.079 | ||||
抑郁症状(以无为参照) | ||||||||
有 | 1.295(1.050,1.596) | 0.016 | ||||||
认知障碍(以无为参照) | ||||||||
有 | 0.850(0.666,1.085) | 0.191 |
Table 4 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of health promotion behaviors and the occurrence of multimorbidity in older adults
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
营养维度得分 | 1.072(1.029,1.116) | 0.001 | 1.068(1.025,1.112) | 0.002 | 1.037(0.993,1.082) | 0.099 | 1.038(0.994,1.083) | 0.091 |
健康责任维度得分 | 1.047(1.023,1.071) | <0.001 | 1.044(1.021,1.069) | <0.001 | 1.043(1.019,1.068) | <0.001 | 1.038(1.013,1.063) | 0.002 |
自我实现维度得分 | 1.004(0.979,1.029) | 0.772 | 1.006(0.981,1.032) | 0.617 | 1.005(0.980,1.031) | 0.698 | 1.010(0.984,1.036) | 0.469 |
人际关系维度得分 | 1.002(0.971,1.035) | 0.891 | 1.001(0.969,1.033) | 0.972 | 1.008(0.975,1.042) | 0.631 | 1.011(0.978,1.045) | 0.510 |
体力活动维度得分 | 0.961(0.927,0.997) | 0.034 | 0.958(0.924,0.994) | 0.023 | 0.958(0.923,0.994) | 0.024 | 0.960(0.925,0.997) | 0.032 |
压力管理维度得分 | 0.965(0.940,0.990) | 0.006 | 0.970(0.945,0.995) | 0.021 | 0.963(0.938,0.989) | 0.006 | 0.963(0.938,0.989) | 0.006 |
年龄(岁,以65~为参照) | ||||||||
75~ | 1.165(0.942,1.440) | 0.158 | 1.022(0.817,1.280) | 0.847 | 0.988(0.787,1.240) | 0.918 | ||
85~ | 1.265(0.717,2.231) | 0.417 | 1.044(0.584,1.865) | 0.884 | 0.960(0.535,1.723) | 0.890 | ||
性别(以男为参照) | ||||||||
女 | 1.607(1.321,1.954) | <0.001 | 1.497(1.206,1.858) | <0.001 | 1.447(1.163,1.800) | 0.001 | ||
户籍所在地(以城镇为参照) | ||||||||
农村 | 0.650(0.501,0.843) | 0.001 | 0.643(0.495,0.835) | 0.001 | ||||
文化程度(以小学以下为参照) | ||||||||
小学 | 0.614(0.471,0.800) | <0.001 | 0.543(0.395,0.748) | <0.001 | ||||
初中 | 1.018(0.745,1.392) | 0.910 | 1.001(0.730,1.373) | 0.994 | ||||
高中及以上 | 0.896(0.603,1.330) | 0.585 | 0.885(0.595,1.316) | 0.547 | ||||
婚姻状况(以非在婚为参照) | ||||||||
在婚 | 0.833(0.656,1.058) | 0.134 | 0.836(0.658,1.061) | 0.141 | ||||
个人月收入(元/月,以<2 000为参照) | ||||||||
≥2 000 | 1.257(0.965,1.637) | 0.091 | 1.269(0.973,1.654) | 0.079 | ||||
抑郁症状(以无为参照) | ||||||||
有 | 1.295(1.050,1.596) | 0.016 | ||||||
认知障碍(以无为参照) | ||||||||
有 | 0.850(0.666,1.085) | 0.191 |
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