At present, there are few intervention studies on cognitive frailty in elderly diabetic patients. This study aims to explore the application effect of Baduanjin combined with cognitive training in elderly diabetic patients with cognitive frailty, in order to provide reference for the management of this population.

To explore the intervention effect of Baduanjin combined with cognitive training on elderly diabetic patients with cognitive frailty.

A total of 84 elderly diabetic patients with cognitive frailty hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from October 2021 to April 2022 were selected as research subjects by convenient sampling method, and randomly divided into the experimental group (n=42) and the control group (n=42) according to the random number table method. The patients in the experimental group received Baduanjin exercise combined with cognitive training, 3 times per week for 12 weeks; patients in the control group were given routine exercise and health education. General data of the patients were collected, including gender, age, education level, marital status, residential status, personal monthly income, type of medical insurance and number of comorbid chronic diseases. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, Frailty Phenotype (FP) score, gait speed, grip strength and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA_1c) were compared at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks of intervention between the two groups.

During the study period, 3 cases were lost to follow-up in the control group and 2 cases were lost in the experimental group, a total of 79 patients were finally included (39 cases in the control group and 40 cases in the experimental group) . There was no significant difference in the general data between the two groups (P>0.05) . There were interaction effects of group and time on MoCA score, FP score, gait speed and grip strength (P<0.05) . MoCA score of patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at 12 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) , and higher than that at baseline and 6 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) . FP score of patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group at 12 weeks of intervention, and lower than that at baseline and 6 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) . Gait speed and grip strength of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at 12 weeks of intervention, and higher than those at baseline and 6 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) . HbA_1c level of patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and lower than that at baseline at 12 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) .

Baduanjin combined with cognitive training can slow down the decline of cognitive function in elderly diabetic patients, improve physical frailty and reduce the blood glucose level of patients, which is suitable for vigorously promoting in the clinical and community settings.

目前对老年糖尿病患者认知衰弱干预的研究较少，本研究旨在探讨八段锦联合认知训练在老年糖尿病认知衰弱人群中的应用效果，以期为该人群的管理提供借鉴。

探讨八段锦联合认知训练对老年糖尿病合并认知衰弱患者的干预效果。

采用便利抽样法选取2021年10月—2022年4月在山西省人民医院内分泌科住院的老年糖尿病认知衰弱患者84例作为研究对象，按随机数字表法分成试验组（42例）和对照组（42例）。试验组患者实施八段锦运动联合认知训练，3次/周，持续12周；对照组患者给予常规运动与健康教育。收集患者的一般资料，包括性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住状况、个人月收入、医保类型、合并慢性病数量。比较两组基线、干预6周、干预12周时的蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评分、衰弱表型量表（FP）评分、步速、握力及糖化血红蛋白（HbA_1c）。

研究期间，对照组失访3例，试验组失访2例，最终共纳入79例患者（对照组39例、试验组40例），两组患者一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。组别和时间对MoCA评分、FP评分、步速、握力存在交互作用（P<0.05）；干预12周时试验组患者MoCA评分高于对照组（P<0.05），且高于基线和干预6周时的MoCA评分（P<0.05）；干预12周时试验组患者FP评分低于对照组，且低于基线和干预6周时的FP评分（P<0.05）；干预12周时试验组患者步速、握力高于对照组，且高于基线和干预6周时的步速、握力（P<0.05）；干预12周时试验组患者HbA_1c水平低于对照组，且低于基线时的HbA_1c水平（P<0.05）。

八段锦联合认知训练可减缓老年糖尿病患者认知功能的下降，改善患者的躯体衰弱状况，降低患者的血糖水平，适宜在临床和社区中推广。