Chinese General Practice ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (02): 168-174.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0447
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Received:
2022-05-02
Revised:
2022-08-10
Published:
2023-01-15
Online:
2022-08-29
Contact:
WEI Qin
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通讯作者:
韦琴
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0447
干预类型 | 干预内容 | 干预时间 |
---|---|---|
听觉干预 | 母亲声音:早产儿入院后48 h内录制,包括祝福语、唱歌等;采用索尼(PX470)录音笔或自行录制后发至微信,由专人使用Adobe Audition 2020软件处理声音,导入录音笔;播放要求:在喂养前15~30 min,先使用温柔语音抚慰婴儿至少30 s,统一将录音笔置于暖箱距离早产儿双耳15~20 cm处播放,保持音量45~55 dB | 10 min |
触觉干预 | 触摸、抚摸或按摩:清洁双手,涂适量婴儿润肤油,并将手搓热,采用中等力度对仰卧位早产儿依次进行口腔按摩3 min+前胸部-腹部-双上肢-双下肢抚触7 min,顺序可根据个人特殊情况进行调整,每个动作持续10 s | 同听觉干预一起进行 |
视觉干预 | 在早产儿安静觉醒状态时,采用人脸对视、红球或黑白卡,在距离眼睛约20 cm处轻轻移动,以吸引早产儿的目光沿水平或前后方向缓缓移动 | 5 min(触觉干预之后) |
前庭干预 | 缓缓抱起早产儿至胸前,一只手扶住头部,另一只手放在背和臀部,撑起早产儿下半身,使其身体呈一条直线,缓慢水平摇动 | 同视觉干预一起进行 |
Table 1 Contents of the multisensory intervention program
干预类型 | 干预内容 | 干预时间 |
---|---|---|
听觉干预 | 母亲声音:早产儿入院后48 h内录制,包括祝福语、唱歌等;采用索尼(PX470)录音笔或自行录制后发至微信,由专人使用Adobe Audition 2020软件处理声音,导入录音笔;播放要求:在喂养前15~30 min,先使用温柔语音抚慰婴儿至少30 s,统一将录音笔置于暖箱距离早产儿双耳15~20 cm处播放,保持音量45~55 dB | 10 min |
触觉干预 | 触摸、抚摸或按摩:清洁双手,涂适量婴儿润肤油,并将手搓热,采用中等力度对仰卧位早产儿依次进行口腔按摩3 min+前胸部-腹部-双上肢-双下肢抚触7 min,顺序可根据个人特殊情况进行调整,每个动作持续10 s | 同听觉干预一起进行 |
视觉干预 | 在早产儿安静觉醒状态时,采用人脸对视、红球或黑白卡,在距离眼睛约20 cm处轻轻移动,以吸引早产儿的目光沿水平或前后方向缓缓移动 | 5 min(触觉干预之后) |
前庭干预 | 缓缓抱起早产儿至胸前,一只手扶住头部,另一只手放在背和臀部,撑起早产儿下半身,使其身体呈一条直线,缓慢水平摇动 | 同视觉干预一起进行 |
组别 | 例数 | 性别〔n(%)〕 | 出生胎龄( | 出生体质量( | 入组日龄〔M(P25,P75),d〕 | 5 min Apgar评分〔M(P25,P75),分〕 | 机械通气〔n(%)〕 | 低血糖〔n(%)〕 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
男 | 女 | ||||||||
对照组 | 59 | 33(55.9) | 26(44.1) | 238.0±9.2 | 1 993.2±261.8 | 1(0,3) | 10(9,10) | 15(25.4) | 21(35.6) |
干预组 | 60 | 30(50.0) | 30(50.0) | 239.6±9.7 | 1 962.0±235.7 | 1(0,3) | 10(10,10) | 11(18.3) | 18(30.0) |
检验统计量值 | 0.420a | -0.887b | 0.684b | -0.314c | -1.441c | 0.876a | 0.422a | ||
P值 | 0.517 | 0.377 | 0.495 | 0.754 | 0.150 | 0.349 | 0.516 | ||
组别 | 受孕方式〔n(%)〕 | 分娩方式〔n(%)〕 | 双胎/多胎〔n(%)〕 | 妊娠并发症〔n(%)〕 | 产前使用激素〔n(%)〕 | 母亲年龄( | 父亲年龄( | ||
自然 | 试管 | 阴道 | 剖宫产 | ||||||
对照组 | 38(64.4) | 23(35.6) | 18(30.5) | 41(69.5) | 20(33.9) | 45(76.3) | 44(74.6) | 31.4±6.0 | 33.5±6.2 |
干预组 | 30(50.0) | 30(50.0) | 16(26.7) | 44(73.3) | 29(48.3) | 45(75.0) | 48(80.0) | 32.8±4.5 | 35.3±5.4 |
检验统计量值 | 2.521a | 0.215a | 2.559a | 0.026a | 0.499a | -1.540b | -1.675b | ||
P值 | 0.112 | 0.643 | 0.110 | 0.872 | 0.480 | 0.126 | 0.097 |
Table 2 Comparison of general data of two groups of premature infants and their parents
组别 | 例数 | 性别〔n(%)〕 | 出生胎龄( | 出生体质量( | 入组日龄〔M(P25,P75),d〕 | 5 min Apgar评分〔M(P25,P75),分〕 | 机械通气〔n(%)〕 | 低血糖〔n(%)〕 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
男 | 女 | ||||||||
对照组 | 59 | 33(55.9) | 26(44.1) | 238.0±9.2 | 1 993.2±261.8 | 1(0,3) | 10(9,10) | 15(25.4) | 21(35.6) |
干预组 | 60 | 30(50.0) | 30(50.0) | 239.6±9.7 | 1 962.0±235.7 | 1(0,3) | 10(10,10) | 11(18.3) | 18(30.0) |
检验统计量值 | 0.420a | -0.887b | 0.684b | -0.314c | -1.441c | 0.876a | 0.422a | ||
P值 | 0.517 | 0.377 | 0.495 | 0.754 | 0.150 | 0.349 | 0.516 | ||
组别 | 受孕方式〔n(%)〕 | 分娩方式〔n(%)〕 | 双胎/多胎〔n(%)〕 | 妊娠并发症〔n(%)〕 | 产前使用激素〔n(%)〕 | 母亲年龄( | 父亲年龄( | ||
自然 | 试管 | 阴道 | 剖宫产 | ||||||
对照组 | 38(64.4) | 23(35.6) | 18(30.5) | 41(69.5) | 20(33.9) | 45(76.3) | 44(74.6) | 31.4±6.0 | 33.5±6.2 |
干预组 | 30(50.0) | 30(50.0) | 16(26.7) | 44(73.3) | 29(48.3) | 45(75.0) | 48(80.0) | 32.8±4.5 | 35.3±5.4 |
检验统计量值 | 2.521a | 0.215a | 2.559a | 0.026a | 0.499a | -1.540b | -1.675b | ||
P值 | 0.112 | 0.643 | 0.110 | 0.872 | 0.480 | 0.126 | 0.097 |
组别 | 例数 | QS期下边界电压 | QS期下边界带宽 | AS期下边界电压 | AS期下边界带宽 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 4.26±0.85 | 5.10±0.87 | 22.18±3.30 | 19.78±2.50 | 6.58±0.94 | 7.21±1.00 | 16.56±2.69 | 14.94±2.58 |
干预组 | 60 | 4.30±0.93 | 5.47±0.92 | 22.75±3.73 | 18.90±1.90 | 6.59±0.93 | 7.63±0.97 | 16.49±2.96 | 13.93±2.61 |
t值 | -0.228 | -2.223 | -0.885 | 2.160 | -0.090 | -2.323 | 0.162 | 2.119 | |
P值 | 0.820 | 0.028 | 0.378 | 0.033 | 0.929 | 0.022 | 0.871 | 0.036 |
Table 3 Comparison of aEEG voltages in two groups of premature infants
组别 | 例数 | QS期下边界电压 | QS期下边界带宽 | AS期下边界电压 | AS期下边界带宽 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 4.26±0.85 | 5.10±0.87 | 22.18±3.30 | 19.78±2.50 | 6.58±0.94 | 7.21±1.00 | 16.56±2.69 | 14.94±2.58 |
干预组 | 60 | 4.30±0.93 | 5.47±0.92 | 22.75±3.73 | 18.90±1.90 | 6.59±0.93 | 7.63±0.97 | 16.49±2.96 | 13.93±2.61 |
t值 | -0.228 | -2.223 | -0.885 | 2.160 | -0.090 | -2.323 | 0.162 | 2.119 | |
P值 | 0.820 | 0.028 | 0.378 | 0.033 | 0.929 | 0.022 | 0.871 | 0.036 |
组别 | 例数 | 连续性 | 睡眠-觉醒周期 | 下边界振幅 | 下边界带宽 | aEEG总分 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 1.42±0.50 | 1.51±0.54 | 3.42±0.62 | 3.80±0.85 | 1.51±0.50 | 1.63±0.49 | 2.22±0.70 | 2.59±0.72 | 8.58±1.74 | 9.53±1.91 |
干预组 | 60 | 1.40±0.49 | 1.63±0.49 | 3.33±0.57 | 4.17±0.85 | 1.55±0.50 | 1.75±0.44 | 2.18±0.77 | 2.90±0.75 | 8.47±1.75 | 10.45±2.18 |
t值 | 0.261 | -1.329 | 0.825 | -2.384 | -0.450 | -1.447 | 0.275 | -2.269 | 0.342 | -2.460 | |
P值 | 0.795 | 0.187 | 0.411 | 0.019 | 0.653 | 0.151 | 0.784 | 0.025 | 0.733 | 0.015 |
Table 4 Comparison of aEEG scores of premature infants of two groups
组别 | 例数 | 连续性 | 睡眠-觉醒周期 | 下边界振幅 | 下边界带宽 | aEEG总分 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 1.42±0.50 | 1.51±0.54 | 3.42±0.62 | 3.80±0.85 | 1.51±0.50 | 1.63±0.49 | 2.22±0.70 | 2.59±0.72 | 8.58±1.74 | 9.53±1.91 |
干预组 | 60 | 1.40±0.49 | 1.63±0.49 | 3.33±0.57 | 4.17±0.85 | 1.55±0.50 | 1.75±0.44 | 2.18±0.77 | 2.90±0.75 | 8.47±1.75 | 10.45±2.18 |
t值 | 0.261 | -1.329 | 0.825 | -2.384 | -0.450 | -1.447 | 0.275 | -2.269 | 0.342 | -2.460 | |
P值 | 0.795 | 0.187 | 0.411 | 0.019 | 0.653 | 0.151 | 0.784 | 0.025 | 0.733 | 0.015 |
组别 | 例数 | QS期平均时间 | QS期总时间 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 21.11±4.75 | 23.29±4.87 | 52.41±20.28 | 55.27±20.65 |
干预组 | 60 | 20.98±5.88 | 25.67±6.95 | 52.73±19.56 | 62.80±18.89 |
t值 | 0.135 | -2.158 | -0.089 | -2.076 | |
P值 | 0.893 | 0.033 | 0.929 | 0.040 |
Table 5 Comparison of quiet sleep period in two groups of premature infants
组别 | 例数 | QS期平均时间 | QS期总时间 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预前 | 干预7 d后 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 | ||
对照组 | 59 | 21.11±4.75 | 23.29±4.87 | 52.41±20.28 | 55.27±20.65 |
干预组 | 60 | 20.98±5.88 | 25.67±6.95 | 52.73±19.56 | 62.80±18.89 |
t值 | 0.135 | -2.158 | -0.089 | -2.076 | |
P值 | 0.893 | 0.033 | 0.929 | 0.040 |
组别 | 例数 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 |
---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 59 | 31.59±2.82 | 33.12±3.49 |
干预组 | 60 | 32.20±3.64 | 34.82±2.97 |
t值 | -1.016 | -2.86 | |
P值 | 0.312 | 0.005 |
Table 6 Comparison of NBNA scores of preterm infants of two groups
组别 | 例数 | 干预前 | 干预7 d后 |
---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 59 | 31.59±2.82 | 33.12±3.49 |
干预组 | 60 | 32.20±3.64 | 34.82±2.97 |
t值 | -1.016 | -2.86 | |
P值 | 0.312 | 0.005 |
组别 | 例数 | 大动作行为 | 精细动作行为 | 适应性行为 | 语言行为 | 个人-社交行为 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 59 | 48.83±10.11 | 47.71±9.15 | 50.31±10.14 | 49.41±9.82 | 49.51±9.35 |
干预组 | 60 | 52.83±10.93 | 51.67±11.05 | 55.28±11.65 | 53.40±11.29 | 53.57±10.57 |
t值 | -2.073 | -2.125 | -2.485 | -2.058 | -2.217 | |
P值 | 0.040 | 0.036 | 0.014 | 0.042 | 0.029 |
Table 7 Comparison of developmental quotients of two groups of premature infants at the corrected age of one month
组别 | 例数 | 大动作行为 | 精细动作行为 | 适应性行为 | 语言行为 | 个人-社交行为 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 59 | 48.83±10.11 | 47.71±9.15 | 50.31±10.14 | 49.41±9.82 | 49.51±9.35 |
干预组 | 60 | 52.83±10.93 | 51.67±11.05 | 55.28±11.65 | 53.40±11.29 | 53.57±10.57 |
t值 | -2.073 | -2.125 | -2.485 | -2.058 | -2.217 | |
P值 | 0.040 | 0.036 | 0.014 | 0.042 | 0.029 |
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