Chinese General Practice ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 1206-1212.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.312
Special Issue: 社区卫生服务最新研究合集
• Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Chronic Disease Patients Involved in Shared-decision Making in General Outpatient Care in the Community:Current Status and Associated Factors
1.School of General Practice and Continuing Education,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
2.Haidian District Shuangyushu Community Health Center,Beijing 100086,China
*Corresponding author:ZHAO Yali,Associate professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:zylnmtb@ccmu.edu.cn
Received:
2021-04-01
Revised:
2021-12-08
Published:
2022-04-05
Online:
2022-03-28
通讯作者:
赵亚利
CLC Number:
MA Wenhan, BAI Xuefei, CHEN Zhaojuan, ZHAO Yali.
Chronic Disease Patients Involved in Shared-decision Making in General Outpatient Care in the Community:Current Status and Associated Factors [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(10): 1206-1212.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.312
条目 | 条目内涵 | 条目内容 |
---|---|---|
1 | 选择讨论:其他选择 | 医生指出或确定所讨论的健康问题有其他的治疗或管理选择,或者健康问题需要进行决策。如果是患者而非医生注意到有其他的选择,医生赞成需要考虑这些选择 |
2 | 团队讨论:支持权衡/构建伙伴关系 | 医生明确保证或确认会帮助患者了解或考虑这些选择。如果患者表明其在就诊前已查找或了解了这些选择的信息,医生支持这样考虑问题(这样的做法) |
3 | 选择讨论:选择信息 | 对于患者认为合理的选择(包括不采取任何行为),医生为患者提供选择的信息或确认患者对这些选择的理解,帮助患者对不同的选择进行比较。如果患者需要,医生会为患者进行说明 |
4 | 决策讨论:了解偏好 | 医生尝试了解患者对已经讨论的选择的偏好。如果患者表明其偏好,医生表示支持 |
5 | 决策讨论:整合偏好 | 医生尝试结合患者的偏好来进行决策。如果患者表示最好能结合其偏好进行决策,医生尝试这样去做 |
Table 1 Connotation and content of each item of the Chinese version of OPTION-5
条目 | 条目内涵 | 条目内容 |
---|---|---|
1 | 选择讨论:其他选择 | 医生指出或确定所讨论的健康问题有其他的治疗或管理选择,或者健康问题需要进行决策。如果是患者而非医生注意到有其他的选择,医生赞成需要考虑这些选择 |
2 | 团队讨论:支持权衡/构建伙伴关系 | 医生明确保证或确认会帮助患者了解或考虑这些选择。如果患者表明其在就诊前已查找或了解了这些选择的信息,医生支持这样考虑问题(这样的做法) |
3 | 选择讨论:选择信息 | 对于患者认为合理的选择(包括不采取任何行为),医生为患者提供选择的信息或确认患者对这些选择的理解,帮助患者对不同的选择进行比较。如果患者需要,医生会为患者进行说明 |
4 | 决策讨论:了解偏好 | 医生尝试了解患者对已经讨论的选择的偏好。如果患者表明其偏好,医生表示支持 |
5 | 决策讨论:整合偏好 | 医生尝试结合患者的偏好来进行决策。如果患者表示最好能结合其偏好进行决策,医生尝试这样去做 |
条目 | 得分分布〔n(%)〕 | 中位得分〔M(QR),分〕 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0分 | 1分 | 2分 | 3分 | 4分 | ||
条目1 | 0 | 61(40.9) | 61(40.9) | 27(18.2) | 0 | 2.00(1.00) |
条目2 | 32(21.5) | 93(62.4) | 23(15.4) | 1(0.7) | 0 | 1.00(0) |
条目3 | 6(4.0) | 98(65.8) | 38(25.5) | 7(4.7) | 0 | 1.00(1.00) |
条目4 | 33(22.1) | 88(59.1) | 27(18.1) | 1(0.7) | 0 | 1.00(0) |
条目5 | 35(23.5) | 94(63.1) | 20(13.4) | 0 | 0 | 1.00(0) |
Table 2 OPTION-5 scores of 149 patients with chronic diseases selected from the general practice clinic of Shuangyushu Community Health Center
条目 | 得分分布〔n(%)〕 | 中位得分〔M(QR),分〕 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0分 | 1分 | 2分 | 3分 | 4分 | ||
条目1 | 0 | 61(40.9) | 61(40.9) | 27(18.2) | 0 | 2.00(1.00) |
条目2 | 32(21.5) | 93(62.4) | 23(15.4) | 1(0.7) | 0 | 1.00(0) |
条目3 | 6(4.0) | 98(65.8) | 38(25.5) | 7(4.7) | 0 | 1.00(1.00) |
条目4 | 33(22.1) | 88(59.1) | 27(18.1) | 1(0.7) | 0 | 1.00(0) |
条目5 | 35(23.5) | 94(63.1) | 20(13.4) | 0 | 0 | 1.00(0) |
项目 | 例数 | OPTION-5得分 | Z(H)值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 2 393.000 | 0.334 | |||
男 | 58 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
女 | 91 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
年龄(岁) | 8.068a | 0.018 | |||
50~59① | 40 | 6.00(2.00) | |||
60~69② | 69 | 5.00(4.00) | |||
70~85③ | 40 | 6.00(5.75)b | |||
学历 | 2.371a | 0.306 | |||
初中及以下 | 58 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
高中/中专 | 69 | 6.00(3.50) | |||
大专及以上 | 22 | 6.00(4.25) | |||
婚姻状况 | 1 295.000 | 0.582 | |||
非在婚 | 22 | 6.00(5.50) | |||
已婚 | 127 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
就诊时长(min) | 53.043a | <0.001 | |||
0.1~3.7① | 79 | 4.00(3.00) | |||
3.8~7.5② | 60 | 7.00(2.00)c | |||
7.6~17.4③ | 10 | 10.00(3.50)b | |||
是否由签约医生接诊 | 1 669.000 | 0.074 | |||
否 | 37 | 5.00(3.00) | |||
是 | 112 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
主要诊断 | 1.528a | 0.466 | |||
高血压 | 88 | 5.00(3.00) | |||
糖尿病 | 33 | 7.00(5.00) | |||
高脂血症及其他 | 28 | 6.00(3.75) | |||
慢性病家族史 | 2 193.000 | 0.120 | |||
无 | 55 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
有 | 94 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
慢性病病程(年) | 3.742a | 0.154 | |||
1~4 | 28 | 5.00(4.00) | |||
5~9 | 53 | 6.00(3.50) | |||
10~36 | 68 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
居住状态 | 1 014.500 | 0.206 | |||
独居 | 19 | 7.00(7.00) | |||
非独居 | 130 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
就诊咨询时是否被他人打断 | 2 569.500 | 0.432 | |||
是 | 74 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
否 | 75 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
家属是否陪同就诊 | 398.500 | 0.160 | |||
是 | 8 | 4.00(3.50) | |||
否 | 141 | 6.00(3.00) |
Table 3 Comparison of OPTION-5 score of patients with chronic diseases in general practice clinic of Shuangyushu Community Health Center by personal characteristics
项目 | 例数 | OPTION-5得分 | Z(H)值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 2 393.000 | 0.334 | |||
男 | 58 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
女 | 91 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
年龄(岁) | 8.068a | 0.018 | |||
50~59① | 40 | 6.00(2.00) | |||
60~69② | 69 | 5.00(4.00) | |||
70~85③ | 40 | 6.00(5.75)b | |||
学历 | 2.371a | 0.306 | |||
初中及以下 | 58 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
高中/中专 | 69 | 6.00(3.50) | |||
大专及以上 | 22 | 6.00(4.25) | |||
婚姻状况 | 1 295.000 | 0.582 | |||
非在婚 | 22 | 6.00(5.50) | |||
已婚 | 127 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
就诊时长(min) | 53.043a | <0.001 | |||
0.1~3.7① | 79 | 4.00(3.00) | |||
3.8~7.5② | 60 | 7.00(2.00)c | |||
7.6~17.4③ | 10 | 10.00(3.50)b | |||
是否由签约医生接诊 | 1 669.000 | 0.074 | |||
否 | 37 | 5.00(3.00) | |||
是 | 112 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
主要诊断 | 1.528a | 0.466 | |||
高血压 | 88 | 5.00(3.00) | |||
糖尿病 | 33 | 7.00(5.00) | |||
高脂血症及其他 | 28 | 6.00(3.75) | |||
慢性病家族史 | 2 193.000 | 0.120 | |||
无 | 55 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
有 | 94 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
慢性病病程(年) | 3.742a | 0.154 | |||
1~4 | 28 | 5.00(4.00) | |||
5~9 | 53 | 6.00(3.50) | |||
10~36 | 68 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
居住状态 | 1 014.500 | 0.206 | |||
独居 | 19 | 7.00(7.00) | |||
非独居 | 130 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
就诊咨询时是否被他人打断 | 2 569.500 | 0.432 | |||
是 | 74 | 6.00(4.00) | |||
否 | 75 | 6.00(3.00) | |||
家属是否陪同就诊 | 398.500 | 0.160 | |||
是 | 8 | 4.00(3.50) | |||
否 | 141 | 6.00(3.00) |
自变量 | b(95%CI) | SE | b' | t值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁,以50~59为参照) | ||||||
60~69 | -0.636(-1.401,0.130) | 0.387 | -0.122 | -1.642 | 0.103 | |
70~85 | 0.509(-0.375,1.392) | 0.447 | 0.086 | 1.138 | 0.257 | |
就诊时长(min,以0.1~3.7为参照) | ||||||
3.8~7.5 | 2.647(1.963,3.330) | 0.346 | 0.498 | 7.659 | <0.001 | |
7.6~17.4 | 5.669(4.331,7.007) | 0.677 | 0.544 | 8.377 | <0.001 | |
是否由签约医生接诊(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 0.294(-0.464,1.053) | 0.384 | 0.049 | 0.768 | 0.444 | |
慢性病家族史(以有为参照) | ||||||
无 | -0.563(-1.225,-0.099) | 0.335 | -0.104 | -1.681 | 0.095 | |
慢性病病程(年,以1~4为参照) | ||||||
5~9 | 0.126(-0.727,0.979) | 0.431 | 0.021 | 0.292 | 0.771 | |
10~36 | 0.160(-0.609,0.929) | 0.389 | 0.031 | 0.412 | 0.681 | |
就诊咨询时是否被他人打断(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 1.019(0.346,1.691) | 0.340 | 0.195 | 2.995 | 0.003 | |
家属是否陪同就诊(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 1.842(0.398,3.287) | 0.731 | 0.159 | 2.522 | 0.013 | |
常量 | 2.538(0.888,4.188) | 0.835 | - | 3.041 | 0.003 |
Table 4 Results of multiple linear regression analysis of factors influencing the OPTION-5 score of patients with chronic diseases in general practice clinicof Shuangyushu Community Health Center
自变量 | b(95%CI) | SE | b' | t值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁,以50~59为参照) | ||||||
60~69 | -0.636(-1.401,0.130) | 0.387 | -0.122 | -1.642 | 0.103 | |
70~85 | 0.509(-0.375,1.392) | 0.447 | 0.086 | 1.138 | 0.257 | |
就诊时长(min,以0.1~3.7为参照) | ||||||
3.8~7.5 | 2.647(1.963,3.330) | 0.346 | 0.498 | 7.659 | <0.001 | |
7.6~17.4 | 5.669(4.331,7.007) | 0.677 | 0.544 | 8.377 | <0.001 | |
是否由签约医生接诊(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 0.294(-0.464,1.053) | 0.384 | 0.049 | 0.768 | 0.444 | |
慢性病家族史(以有为参照) | ||||||
无 | -0.563(-1.225,-0.099) | 0.335 | -0.104 | -1.681 | 0.095 | |
慢性病病程(年,以1~4为参照) | ||||||
5~9 | 0.126(-0.727,0.979) | 0.431 | 0.021 | 0.292 | 0.771 | |
10~36 | 0.160(-0.609,0.929) | 0.389 | 0.031 | 0.412 | 0.681 | |
就诊咨询时是否被他人打断(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 1.019(0.346,1.691) | 0.340 | 0.195 | 2.995 | 0.003 | |
家属是否陪同就诊(以是为参照) | ||||||
否 | 1.842(0.398,3.287) | 0.731 | 0.159 | 2.522 | 0.013 | |
常量 | 2.538(0.888,4.188) | 0.835 | - | 3.041 | 0.003 |
[1] | MAKOUL G,CLAYMAN M L. An integrative model of shared decision making in medical encounters[J]. Patient Educ Couns,2006,60(3):301-312. DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2005.06.010. |
[2] | HOFFMANN T C,MONTORI V M,DEL MAR C. The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making[J]. JAMA,2014,312(13):1295-1296. DOI:10.1001/jama.2014.10186. |
[3] | YAMAGUCHI S,TANEDA A,MATSUNAGA A,et al. Efficacy of a peer-led,recovery-oriented shared decision-making system:a pilot randomized controlled trial[J]. Psychiatr Serv,2017,68(12):1307-1311. DOI:10.1176/appi.ps.201600544. |
[4] | SAHEB K M,MCGILL E T,BERGER Z D. Shared decision-making and outcomes in type 2 diabetes:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Patient Educ Couns,2017,100(12):2159-2171. DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2017.06.030. |
[5] | ALTIN S V,STOCK S. The impact of health literacy,patient-centered communication and shared decision-making on patients' satisfaction with care received in German primary care practices[J]. BMC Health Serv Res,2016,30(16):450. DOI:10.1186/s12913-016-1693-y. |
[6] | COXETER P,DEL M C,MCGREGOR L,et al. Interventions to facilitate shared decision making to address antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in primary care[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2015(11):CD010907. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD010907.pub2. |
[7] | MONITORI V M,GAFNI A,CHARLES C. A shared treatment decision-making approach between patients with chronic conditions and their clinicians:the case of diabetes[J]. Health Expect,2006,9(1):25-36. DOI:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2006.00359.x. |
[8] | 陈鸣声. 医疗共同决策的内涵与外延:社区慢性病服务应用研究[J]. 南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),2021,21(2):101-104. DOI:10.7655/NYDXBSS20210201. |
[9] | 李云涛.医患共同决策的最佳践行者:全科医生[J]. 医学与哲学,2018,39(2):19-67. DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2018.02a.06. |
[10] | 张莉,李晶华,马天娇,等.患者参与社区卫生服务就诊过程的重要性及途径[J].医学与社会,2019,32(6):43-45. DOI:10.13723/j.yxysh.2019.06.012. |
[11] | 陈建,杨晓虹,曾莉萍,等.成都新都区社区居民老年慢性病患病现状及其患共病模式分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2018,35(8):573-575,615. |
[12] | 吴清.房颤患者参与治疗决策过程、影响因素及信息加工特征的研究[D].上海:海军军医大学,2019. |
[13] | ELWYN G,TSULUKIDZE M,EDWARDS A,et al. Using a "talk" model of shared decision making to propose an observation-based measure:Observer OPTION-5 Item[J]. Patient Educ Couns,2013,93(2):265-271. DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2013.08.005. |
[14] | CHEN Z,BAI X,JIN G,et al. Psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version of the Observer OPTION-5 Scale[J]. BMC Fam Pract,2020,21(1):263. DOI:10.1186/s12875-020-01335-2. |
[15] | ZHOU Z R,WANG W W,LI Y,et al. In-depth mining of clinical data:the construction of clinical prediction model with R[J]. Ann Transl Med,2019,7(23):796. DOI:10.21037/atm.2019.08.63. |
[16] | 国家卫生健康委员会. 2018中国卫生健康统计年鉴[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2019:42. |
[17] | NEWSOME A,SIEBER W,SMITH M,et al. If you build it,will they come? A qualitative evaluation of the use of video-based decision aids in primary care[J]. Fam Med,2012,44(1):26-31. |
[18] | 柏冬丽,侯晓婷,刘晓红,等.肿瘤晚期患者参与临床决策期望的现况研究[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(5):35-38. DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2017.05.035. |
[19] | HÄRTER M,MOUMJID N,CORNUZ J,et al. Shared decision making in 2017:international accomplishments in policy,research and implementation[J]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes,2017,123(6):1-5. DOI:10.1016/j.zefq.2017.05.024. |
[20] | 孙刚,张新平.我国东中西部门诊诊疗时间定量研究[J]. 中国卫生事业管理,2010,27(1):60-62. |
[21] | DEVEUGELE M,DERESE A,ATIE B M,et al. Consultation length in general practice:cross sectional study[J]. BMJ,2002,325(7362):472. DOI:10.1136/bmj.325.7362.472. |
[22] | HUANG R,SONG X,WU J,et al. Assessing the feasibility and quality of shared decision making in China:evaluating a clinical encounter intervention for Chinese patients[J]. Patient Prefer Adherence,2016,10(11):2341-2350. DOI:10.2147/PPA.S115115. |
[23] | 胡子奇,刘俊荣.医患共享决策的价值意蕴、影响因素及辅助工具[J].医学与哲学,2020,41(4):1-6. DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2020.04.01. |
[24] | HAJIZADEH N,UHLER LM,PÉREZ FIGUEROA R E. Understanding patients' and doctors' attitudes about shared decision making for advance care planning[J]. Health Expect,2015,18(6):2054. DOI:10.1111/hex.12285. |
[25] | SANTOS V D,NITRINI S M. Prescription and patient-care indicators in healthcare services[J]. Rev Saude Publica,2004,38(6):819-826. DOI:10.1590/s0034-89102004000600010. |
[26] | 龙杰,刘俊荣.基于患者视角的共享决策参与现况及策略研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2021,34(1):75-80. DOI:10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2021.01.15. |
[27] | 黄榕翀,丁怀玉,郭宏洲.医患共同决策模式在我国临床实践中的应用与改进[J].中华心血管病杂志,2020,48(10):890-894. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200519-00409. |
[28] | NICHOLAS Z,BUTOW P,TESSON S,et al. A systematic review of decision aids for patients making a decision about treatment for early breast cancer[J]. Breast,2016(26):31-45. DOI:10.1016/j.breast.2015.12.007. |
[29] | HUANG R,SONG X,WU J,et al. Quality of shared decision making in China:evaluating a clinical encounter intervention for Chinese patients[J]. Patient Prefer Adherence,2016,10(11):2341-2350. DOI:10.2147/PPA.S115115. |
[30] | SHEPHERD H L,BUTOW P N,TATTERSALL M H N. Factors which motivate cancer doctors to involve their patients in reaching treatment decisions[J]. Patient Educ Couns,2011,84(2):229. DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2010.10.018. |
[31] | 阎虹,贺云霞,杨晓丽. 品管圈在提高门诊"一医一患一诊室"执行率中的应用[J]. 循证护理,2020,6(2):177-179. DOI:10.12102/j.issn.2095-8668.2020.02.015. |
[32] | 侯晓婷,徐征,周玉洁,等.结直肠癌住院患者参与手术治疗决策的现况研究[J]. 中华护理杂志,2014,49(5):526-529. DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2014.05.003. |
[33] | 黄榕翀,杨雪瑶,宋现涛,等.中国医患共同决策心血管病领域研究现状与展望[J]. 医学与哲学,2017,38(20):1-6. DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2017.10b.01. |
[1] | ZHANG Hanzhi, GE Xuhua, LU Yuan, JIN Hua, GUO Aizhen, CHEN Yuge, MA Linlin, PAN Ying, YU Dehua. Exploration and Differential Analysis of Continuing Education of General Practitioners' Clinical Thinking Ability Based on Working Competence [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4315-4321. |
[2] | YAO Yuzhong, MA Xiaojun, SONG Huan, ZHONG Yu. The Management Effect of Diabetes "1358 model" on Community Diabetes Patients Based on "Precision Management Combining General Care and Specialty Care" [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4308-4314. |
[3] | QIN Fengyin, ZHANG Qishan, LAI Jinjia, HUANG Yimin, HAN Guoyin, SUN Xinglan, WANG Fen, TAN Yibing. Current Status and Influencing Factors of the Intention to Screen for High-risk Stroke among Community Residents in Guangdong [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4283-4289. |
[4] | HAO Aihua, ZENG Weilin, LI Guanhai, XIA Yinghua, CHEN Liang. Current Situation of the Construction of Family Doctor Team: an Investigation Based on the Perspective of General Practitioners [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4261-4268. |
[5] | LI Dianjiang, PAN Enchun, SUN Zhongming, WEN Jinbo, WANG Miaomiao, WU Ming, SHEN Chong. The Current Status and Influencing Factors of Clinical Inertia in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Community [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4296-4301. |
[6] | LIN Kai, YAO Mi, CHEN Zhang, JI Xinxin, LIN Runqi, CHEN Yongsong, Sim MOIRA. Conceptual Framework and Responding Approach of Treatment Burden of Type 2 Diabetes: a Video Recording-based Analysis [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4302-4307. |
[7] | HUANG Jinling, ZENG Zhirong. The Logic and Trend of Urban Community Health Service Policies in China [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4239-4245. |
[8] | YANG Hui, HU Ruwei, LIU Ruqing, LU Junfeng, WU Jinglan. Relationship between Community Health Service Experience and Glycemic Control Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4290-4295. |
[9] | XU Jian, DAI Fangfang, PAN Wenlei, HUANG Qian, LU Ping, WANG Jianfeng, JIA Huan, YANG Yuqi, HUANG Jiaoling. Visual Analysis of Hotspots and Cutting-edge Trends of Community TCM Service Research in China in the Context of Healthy China [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(34): 4343-4350. |
[10] | YU Xinyan, ZHAO Jun, ZHAO Xiaoye, JIANG Qingru, CHEN Yatian, WANG Yan, ZHANG Haicheng. Application of Mobile Smart Healthcare in the Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Diseases in Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in Primary Care [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(33): 4167-4172. |
[11] | LI Qianqian, CHEN Xunrui, ZHANG Wenying, YUAN Haihua, ZHANG Yanjie, JIANG Bin, LIU Feng. Demand and Influencing Factors for Community Health Services during Chemotherapy of Patients with Advanced Cancer [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(33): 4173-4180. |
[12] | YIN Zhaoxia, MAO Lidong, ZHANG Baoshuang, HUANG Yin, FENG Yang, WANG Yunfei. Spectrum of Outpatient Illnesses in Children Contracting Family Doctor Services in Shenzhen's Community Settings and Related Implications for Standardized Residency Training of General Practitioners [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(33): 4218-4224. |
[13] | YU Dehua. Scientific Research Conception Guided by General Practice Thinking [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(31): 3872-3876. |
[14] | ZHOU Yingda, ZHUO Shuxiong, YANG Xi, JIN Hua, YU Dehua. Implementation Status and Strategy Research on the Construction of Clinical Pathways for Diagnosis and Treatment of Medically Unexplained Disease in Community General Practice [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(31): 3939-3944. |
[15] | HONG Yuchun, WU Hua, DU Yishan, LI Shuran, SUN Wenmin, YE Mingyu, ZHANG Yongjian, LI Yang. Development of General Practice Diagnostic Terminology and Coding and Empirical Study on Its Application [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(31): 3896-3901. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||