Angionecrosis at the Injection Site Accompanied by Adjacent Skin Ulceration due to Intravenous Drip of Aciclovir in Infants

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.361

Abstract

Abstract: Viral encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain parenchyma usually caused by various viral infections，which is an infectious disease of the central nervous system commonly seen in the pediatric intensive care unit.Acyclovir （ACV），a high-efficiency broad-spectrum antiviral drug，is used as the first choice for clinically treating viral encephalitis in children.It can significantly improve the patients' clinical symptoms，and reduce the incidence of complications.But during the treatment，ACV may also lead to some different adverse reactions depending on individual response，such as kidney damage，gastrointestinal reactions，allergic reactions，as well as venous inflammation.In this study，we reported two viral encephalitis infants with angionecrosis at the injection site accompanied by adjacent skin ulceration，rare adverse reactions induced by intravenous drip of ACV，in which the potent mechanisms accounted for the adverse reactions were analyzed and summarized，offering clinical care experience to deal with similar adverse reactions to improve the prognosis of the patients.

Key words: Encephalitis, viral；Acyclovir；Infant；Vasculitis；Drug toxicity

摘要： 病毒性脑炎是指由各种病毒感染导致的颅内脑实质炎症，是小儿重症病房内常见的中枢神经系统感染性疾病。阿昔洛韦是一种广谱高效的抗病毒药物，是目前临床上治疗儿童病毒性脑炎的首选药物，其可明显改善患儿的临床症状，降低并发症的发生率。然而药物在使用过程中，偶尔伴有轻重不一的不良反应，其中最常见的不良反应包括肾脏损害、胃肠道反应、过敏反应以及静脉炎。本文通过报道2例病毒性脑炎患儿在使用阿昔洛韦静脉滴注治疗过程中，发生的较为罕见的血管坏死及周边皮肤溃烂情况，分析并总结该不良反应发生的原因及可能的药物机制，同时为临床上今后应对类似的不良反应提供护理经验，改善患儿的预后。

关键词: 脑炎, 病毒性, 阿昔洛韦, 婴儿, 血管炎, 药物不良反应

OUYANG Yan,ZENG Xinhua,LI Ting, et al. Angionecrosis at the Injection Site Accompanied by Adjacent Skin Ulceration due to Intravenous Drip of Aciclovir in Infants　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2020, 23(27): 3484-3487. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.361.
欧阳燕,曾新华,李婷等. 阿昔洛韦静脉滴注致婴幼儿血管坏死及周边皮肤溃烂临床分析[J]. 中国全科医学, 2020, 23(27): 3484-3487. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.361.

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