Abstract: Background　There were three Constitution of Chinese Medicine Questionnaire（CCMQ） with 60-item, 41-item, and 30-item. But, their performance hadn't been evaluated in the healthy population. Besides, targets of the three CCMQ were different. Then their performance should be evaluated and compared by the same sample, so that researchers can choose the suitable one according to their actual situation. Objective　To compare the performance of 60-item CCMQ， 41-item CCMQ， and 30-item CCMQ in healthy populations. Methods　This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2016. The 1 295 participants were all with a history of donating whole blood voluntarily without payment，who were recruited at Beijing Red Cross Blood Center huts and cars received a field survey，for collecting the data concerning general demographic characteristics， constitution evaluated by 60-item CCMQ. According to the whole-blood donation times calculated by the donated blood volume， the participants were divided into three groups： 1-4 times group （n=692）， 5-9 times group （n=311） and ≥10 times group （n=292）． The reliability， construct validity， and discrimination validity of these 3 versions of CCMQ were analyzed with Cronbach's α， factor analysis， and method of least squares， respectively. Results　The Cronbach's α were 0.70-0.80 for 60-item CCMQ， 0.61-0.80 for 41-item CCMQ， 0.49-0.73 for 30-item CCMQ. By factor analysis， 8 common factors with an eigenvalue greater than 1 were extracted from 60-item CCMQ， and 41-item CCMQ， respectively， explaining 48.08%， 52.86% of the total variance， respectively. For the 8 common factors extracted from 30-item CCMQ， the first 6 ones had an eigenvalue greater than 1， while factor 7 and factor 8 had an eigenvalue of 0.96， 0.90， respectively， explaining 57.13% of the total variance. 1-4 times group， 5-9 times group and ≥10 times group showed significant differences in the mean scores of gentleness， qi-deficiency， yang-deficiency， yin-deficiency， phlegm dampness， dampness-heat， blood-stasis， qi-depression， and special diathesis of both 60-item and 41-item CCMQ， and in the mean scores of gentleness， qi-deficiency， yang-deficiency， yin-deficiency， dampness-heat， blood-stasis， and qi-depression of the 30-item CCMQ （P<0.05）． Conclusion　For the assessment of constitution of healthy populations， all these 3 versions of CCMQ have good reliability and validity. Researchers can select one of them according to the purpose of study and the properties of the participants.

Key words: Health surveys, Constitution of Chinese Medicine Questionnaire, Healthy population, Reliability, Validity

摘要： 背景　中医体质量表目前已有60条目、41条目和30条目3个版本，其性能尚未在健康人群中进行评价。另外，3个版本中医体质量表的针对性存在一定差异，有待采用同一人群样本对其性能进行比较，以便研究人员根据实际情况进行选择。目的　对60条目、41条目、30条目中医体质量表在健康人群中应用的性能进行评价与比较。方法　采用横断面调查法选取2015—2016年在北京红十字血液中心献血小屋和采血车的献全血者1 295例，记录其一般情况，采用60条目中医体质量表测定中医体质，41条目和30条目中医体质量表根据60条目中医体质量表的调查结果纳入相应条目后进行计分，并根据献血量计算献血次数，根据献血次数将受试者分为1~4次组（692例）、5~9次组（311例）、≥10次组（292例）。分别采用Cronbach's α系数、因子分析方法、最小二乘法分析中医体质量表的信度、结构效度、区分效度。结果　60条目、41条目和30条目中医体质量表中各亚量表的Cronbach's α系数分别为0.70~0.80、0.61~0.80、0.49~0.73。60条目中医体质量表提取的8个公因子特征根均>1.00，累积方差贡献率为48.08%；41条目中医体质量表提取的8个公因子特征根均>1.00，累积方差贡献率为52.86%；30条目中医体质量表提取的前6个公因子特征根均>1.00，公因子7特征根为0.96，公因子8特征根为0.90，累积方差贡献率为57.13%。不同献血次数组的60条目和41条目中医体质量表的平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质以及30条目中医体质量表的平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　3个条目版本中医体质量表在健康人群中的信度、效度较好，研究人员可根据研究对象、研究目的等选择应用。

关键词: 健康调查, 中医体质量表, 健康人群, 信度, 效度