Research Hotspots of Long-term Care for the Elderly in China and Abroad：a Co-word Cluster Analysis

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.446

Abstract

Abstract: Background　With a growing number of the elderly，China is in the developmental stage of population aging rapidly.Providing effective care for the elderly will be a key issue in promoting healthy ageing.At present，the long-term care service for the elderly in China is still developing，and a systematic and complete care system has not been formed.Objective　To analyze and compare the research hotspots of long-term care for the elderly in China and abroad in the past 5 years，in order to provide some reference and guidance for the development of long-term care research for the elderly in China.Methods　The CNKI and Pubmed databases were searched in both Chinese and English by “long-term care” from June to July 2018.Literature inclusion criteria：journals，dissertations，theses and conference papers.By reading the subject，abstract or full text，the researchers excluded studies that was inconsistent with the topic and content of “long-term care for the elderly”.The domestic literatures retrieved by PubMed were all eliminated.Search period：from January 2013 to June 2018.In the end，1 750 foreign literatures and 739 domestic literatures were included.Bicomb and gCLUTO were used to perform word frequency analysis and graph cluster analysis on high frequency key words.Results　The study of long-term care for the elderly abroad started at an early stage，and research on the long-term care of the elderly has declined slightly in the past five years.The number of relevant research literatures in China，on the other hand，is on the rise.There were 61 high-frequency key words in foreign studies，with the highest frequency of 808 and the lowest frequency of 17；and 35 high-frequency key words in Chinese researches，with the highest frequency of 338 and the lowest frequency of 10.Overseas research on long-term care for the elderly was divided into five categories：the research on physical and mental health and nutritional status of the elderly，long-term care policy and care needs of the elderly，long-term care medication management，chronic disease management of the elderly，and palliative care for the elderly and care quality.There were four types of research on long-term care for the elderly in China：the status quo and enlightenment of long-term care，long-term care insurance system，long-term care demand and its influencing factors，and long-term care system.Conclusion　The hot topics of long-term care research for the elderly in China（long-term care status and implications，insurance system，long-term care needs and their influencing factors，long-term care system research）and abroad（study on health and nutritional status of the elderly，policy and elderly care needs，medication management，elderly chronic disease management，elderly palliative care and quality of care）have certain similarities and differences.The research hotspots at the current stage of foreign countries，including optimization of long-term care services，improvement of care quality and inspection of long-term care strategies，can provide reference for the development of long-term care research for the elderly in China.

Key words: Nursing care, Aged, Cluster analysis, Hotspots, Word frequency analysis

摘要： 背景　随着老年人口的不断增长，我国正处于人口老龄化快速发展阶段。如何为老年人提供有效的照护服务将成为促进健康老龄化的关键问题。而目前我国老年人长期照护服务尚处于发展阶段，未形成系统完善的照护体系。目的　分析比较近5年国内外老年人长期照护研究热点，以期为我国老年人长期照护研究的发展提供一定借鉴和指导。方法　2018年6—7月，通过中国知网和PubMed，分别以“长期照护”为关键词，以“long-term care”和“aged”为主题词进行检索。文献纳入标准：期刊、硕/博士论文及会议论文。通过阅读题目、摘要或全文，剔除与“老年人长期照护”主题不符、内容无关的研究，其中PubMed检索到的国内文献均予以剔除。检索年限为：2013年1月—2018年6月。最终共纳入国外文献1 750篇，国内文献739篇。使用Bicomb软件和图形聚类工具包（gCLUTO）对高频主题词进行词频分析和聚类分析。结果　国外老年人长期照护研究起步较早，近5年老年人长期照护研究文献数量平稳中略有下降；我国在该领域的研究尚处于起步阶段，相关研究文献数量逐渐上升。国外研究共出现61个高频主题词，最高频次为808次，最低频次为17次；国内研究出现35个高频主题词，最高频次为338次，最低频次为10次。国外老年人长期照护研究聚为5类，分别代表长期照护老年人身心健康及营养状况研究、长期照护政策及老年人照护需求、长期照护用药管理、老年人慢病管理、老年人姑息护理及照护质量。国内老年人长期照护研究聚为4类，分别代表长期照护现状及启示、长期照护保险制度、长期照护需求及其影响因素和长期照护体系研究。结论　国内外老年人长期照护研究热点（国外为长期照护老年人身心健康及营养状况研究、长期照护政策及老年人照护需求、长期照护用药管理、老年人慢病管理、老年人姑息护理及照护质量，国内为长期照护现状及启示、长期照护保险制度、长期照护需求及其影响因素和长期照护体系研究）具有一定的相似性和差异性，国外现阶段关于长期照护服务优化、照护质量提升及长期照护策略检验相关研究能够为我国老年人长期照护研究的发展提供借鉴。

关键词: 护理, 老年人, 聚类分析, 热点, 词频分析

XIE Lingli,JI Yunan,LI Chenyang, et al. Research Hotspots of Long-term Care for the Elderly in China and Abroad：a Co-word Cluster Analysis　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2019, 22(9): 1119-1124. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.446.
谢铃莉,季雨楠,李晨阳等. 国内外老年人长期照护研究热点的共词聚类分析[J]. 中国全科医学, 2019, 22(9): 1119-1124. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.446.

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