Analysis of the Impact of Bereavement on Health Outcomes and Associated Factors

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.244

Abstract

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the status and associated factors for health outcomes among the bereaved individuals，proving a theoretical reference for offering help for the bereaved.Methods　From November 2015 to June 2016，by convenience sampling combined with snowball sampling，we enrolled the bereaved individuals.We used a self-developed Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire and Chinese version of Impact of Event Scale-Revised （IES-R） to collect the sociodemographic characteristics and health outcomes，respectively.IES-R score was analyzed by sociodemographic characteristics and its associated factors were explored by multiple linear regression analysis.Results　441 of the totaled 500 participants returned responsive questionnaires，giving a response rate of 88.2%.The IES-R score was （33.2±16.9）. Post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） was found in 176 cases （39.9%）. The IES-R score varied significantly by age，educational level，marital status，the relationship with the deceased，intensity of feelings toward the deceased，causes of death of the deceased，age of the deceased，and length of period following the death of the deceased （P<0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that death of a spouse（β=16.221），intensity of feelings toward the deceased（β=6.503），accident-induced death of the decreased（β=5.311），suicide of the decreased（β=9.776），died of old age（β=-6.435），length of period following the death of the deceased （β=-2.523） were associated factors of IES-R score of the bereaved individuals （P<0.05）. Conclusion　The relationship with the deceased，the emotional level of the deceased，the reason for the death of the deceased，and the time of the death of the deceased will affect the IES-R score of the bereaved.Targeted interventions can be developed based on the relationship between the bereaved and the deceased，and the conditions of the bereaved.

Key words: Death, Bereavement events, Root cause analysis

摘要： 目的　了解丧亲事件对丧亲者的影响，分析产生不同影响的原因，为处理丧亲事件提供借鉴。方法　2015年11月—2016年6月采用方便抽样和雪球抽样相结合的方式选取丧亲者，采用一般资料调查表、事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）对其进行调查，比较不同基本特征的丧亲者IES-R得分，采用多重线性回归分析IES-R得分的影响因素。结果　共发放问卷500份，回收有效问卷441份，有效回收率为88.2%。IES-R得分为（33.2±16.9）分，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）者176例（39.9%）。不同年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、与逝者的关系、与逝者的情感程度、逝者离世原因、逝者离世时年龄、逝者离世时间的丧亲者IES-R得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多重线性回归分析结果显示，与逝者的关系为夫妻（β=16.221）、与逝者的情感程度好（β=6.503）、逝者离世原因为意外（β=5.311）、自杀（β=9.776）、年老而终（β=-6.435）、逝者离世时间长（β=-2.523）是丧亲者IES-R得分的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　与逝者的关系、与逝者的情感程度、逝者离世原因、逝者离世时间均会影响丧亲者的IES-R得分，应根据丧亲事件类型和丧亲者的特殊性，制定有针对性的干预措施。

关键词: 死亡, 丧亲事件, 影响因素分析

YE Ying,YANG Ke,FU Jing. Analysis of the Impact of Bereavement on Health Outcomes and Associated Factors　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2018, 21(29): 3611-3615. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.244.
叶盈,杨可,傅静. 丧亲事件对丧亲者的影响及相关因素分析[J]. 中国全科医学, 2018, 21(29): 3611-3615. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.244.

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