Abstract: Objective　To investigate the expression of TAp63 gene in bone marrow mononuclear cells in children with acute leukemia（AL） and its clinical significance.Methods　The AL group included 104 relapsed or treatment-naive children with AL who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Zhengzhou Children's Hospital between June 2015 and June 2016.The group included 80 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL） 〔61 cases of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia（B-ALL） and 19 cases of acute T lymphoblastic leukemia（T-ALL）〕，and 24 with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia（ANLL）．There were 90 incipient cases（18 high-risk cases and 72 low-risk cases） and 14 recurrent cases in the AL group.The control group was composed of 36 children with non-malignant hematological diseases who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Zhengzhou Children's Hospital during the same period.Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） was used to detect the expression of TAp63 gene in the different groups.Results　In the AL group，86（82.7%） of 104 children had positive expression of TAp63 gene，and the TAp63 mRNA relative expression was（0.61±0.19）．In the control group，there were no patients with positive expression of TAp63 gene.There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of TAp63 gene between ALL children and ANLL children（P>0.05）；however，the TAp63 mRNA relative expression was significantly higher in ALL children than in ANLL children（P<0.05）．The positive expression rate of TAp63 gene did not differ significantly between incipient cases and relapsed cases（P>0.05）；however，TAp63 mRNA relative expression was higher in relapsed cases than in incipient cases（P<0.05）．B-ALL children had a higher positive expression rate of TAp63 gene and TAp63 mRNA relative expression than T-ALL children（P<0.05）．There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of TAp63 gene between high-risk cases and low-risk cases in incipient children（P>0.05），whereas the TAp63 mRNA relative expression was higher in high-risk children than in low-risk incipient children（P<0.05）．There was no significant difference in positive expression rate of TAp63 gene between children with and without complete remission（CR）（P>0.05），whereas the TAp63 mRNA relative expression was higher in children without CR（P<0.05）．Conclusion　Overexpression of the TAp63 gene may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of childhood acute leukemia.TAp63 gene is a potential biomarker to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy.Patients with high expression of TAp63 gene have a higher risk of relapse；the protein may be a promising prognostic factor for AL in children.

Key words: Leukemia, Bone marrow, Monocytes, TAp63 gene

摘要： 目的　探讨TAp63基因在儿童急性白血病骨髓单个核细胞中的表达及意义。方法　收集2015年6月—2016年6月郑州大学第三附属医院和郑州儿童医院住院的初治或复发急性白血病患儿104例为急性白血病组，其中急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）80例〔急性B淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）61例，急性T淋巴细胞白血病（T-ALL）19例〕，急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ANLL）24例；初发患儿90例（高危型18例，低危型72例），复发患儿14例。选择同期郑州大学第三附属医院和郑州儿童医院住院的非恶性血液病患儿36例作为对照组。利用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应法检测各组患儿TAp63基因表达。结果　急性白血病组104例患儿TAp63基因阳性表达86例，阳性表达率为82.7%，TAp63 mRNA相对表达量为（0.61±0.19）；对照组患儿TAp63基因阳性表达0例。ALL与ANLL患儿TAp63基因阳性表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；ALL患儿TAp63 mRNA相对表达量较ANLL患儿升高（P<0.05）。初发与复发患儿TAp63基因阳性表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；复发患儿TAp63 mRNA相对表达量较初发患儿升高（P<0.05）。B-ALL患儿TAp63基因阳性表达率、TAp63 mRNA相对表达量较T-ALL患儿升高（P<0.05）。高危型与低危型初发患儿TAp63基因阳性表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；高危型初发患儿TAp63 mRNA相对表达量较低危型初发患儿升高（P<0.05）。完全缓解与未缓解患儿TAp63基因阳性表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；未缓解患儿TAp63 mRNA相对表达量较完全缓解患儿升高（P<0.05）。结论　儿童急性白血病的发生、发展可能与TAp63基因的过度表达相关，可作为探讨化疗疗效的观察指标之一；TAp63高表达者易复发，可作为评估预后的指标之一。

关键词: 白血病, 骨髓, 单核细胞, TAp63基因