关键词: 日常生活活动能力, 抑郁, 老年人, 中国

Abstract: Background　As people grow older，the functions of their organs gradually decline，which may lead to seriously impaired mental health due to decreased physical activity level，decreased ability to perform their due social role，eventually resulting in the occurrence of depressive symptoms. So understanding the correlation between activities of daily living（ADL） and depressive symptoms has great importance to decrease the incidence of depressive symptoms and improve the life quality in this group. Objective　To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms，and to determine the correlation between ADL and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly people. Methods　Data were extracted from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database. A total of 4 355 respondents who were 60 years old and above were selected as valid samples. The basic condition of patients，the Basic Activities of Daily Living（BADL） and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living（IADL） assessed by ADL，and the depression symptoms assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale were analyzed. Binary Logistic regression was acted to identify the influence of BADL and IADL on depressive symptoms. Results 1 865 respondents reported to have depressive symptoms，with a prevalence of 42.82%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in those with intact and impaired BADL was 40.81%（1 616/3 960）and 63.04%（249/395），respectively，with a significant difference（χ2=72.490，P<0.001），and in those with intact and impaired IADL was 37.19%（1 179/3 170）and 57.89%（686/1 185），respectively，with a significant difference（χ2=150.917，P<0.001）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the respondents with impaired BADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact BADL〔OR（95%CI）=1.796（1.420，2.273）〕，and that the respondents with impaired IADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact IADL〔OR（95%CI）=1.982（1.704，2.306）〕. Stratified analysis by gender found that male respondents with impaired BADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact BADL〔OR（95%CI）=1.933（1.313，2.846）〕，that male respondents with impaired IADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact IADL〔OR（95%CI）=1.820（1.409，2.350）〕，that female respondents with impaired BADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact BADL〔OR（95%CI）=1.708（1.268，2.302）〕，and that female respondents with impaired IADL were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those with intact IADL〔OR（95%CI）=2.045（1.691，2.473）〕. Conclusion ADL is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly. Impaired ADL may increase the risk of having depressive symptoms.Gender is associated with the impact of impaired BADL or IADL on the occurrence of depressive symptoms. Specifically，males with impaired BADL or females with impaired IADL may have a higher risk.

Key words: Activities of daily living, Depression, Aged, China