中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (15): 1855-1861.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0248

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

平均血小板体积与维持性血液透析患者血管通路事件的相关性研究

朱荣芳, 靳晶晶, 梁向楠, 钱玥彤, 耿同会, 白亚玲, 徐金升*()   

  1. 050011 河北省石家庄市,河北医科大学第四医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10 修回日期:2024-09-14 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 徐金升

  • 作者贡献:

    朱荣芳、靳晶晶负责试验设计;梁向楠负责统计分析;钱玥彤负责动静脉内瘘超声监测;朱荣芳、耿同会负责数据收集;朱荣芳负责撰写论文;白亚玲、徐金升负责审校。

  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20230115)

Correlation between Mean Platelet Volume and Vascular Access Events in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

ZHU Rongfang, JIN Jingjing, LIANG Xiangnan, QIAN Yuetong, GENG Tonghui, BAI Yaling, XU Jinsheng*()   

  1. Nephrology Department, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
  • Received:2024-07-10 Revised:2024-09-14 Published:2025-05-20 Online:2025-03-21
  • Contact: XU Jinsheng

摘要: 背景 动静脉内瘘是维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的主要血管通路。平均血小板体积(MPV)是心血管事件的生物标志物,MPV已被确定为心肌梗死、中风和静脉血栓栓塞的独立危险因素。MPV是否是MHD患者发生血管通路事件的危险因素尚不明确。 目的 探讨MPV水平与MHD患者血管通路事件风险的相关性。 方法 选取2020-09-01—15在河北医科大学第四医院血液净化中心行MHD的患者343例为研究对象。随访截止时间为2021-09-15,终点事件为出现血管通路事件(动静脉内瘘狭窄或血栓)或患者出现死亡。根据纳入患者MPV值的四分位数将患者分为4组:Q1组(MPV:6.1~8.1 fL),Q2组(MPV:8.2~8.8 fL),Q3组(MPV:8.9~9.6 fL),Q4组(MPV:9.7~14.1 fL)。比较4组MHD患者一般情况、实验室检查、动静脉内瘘血栓及狭窄的发病率等相关资料。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析MHD患者血管通路事件发生率,组间比较采用Log-rank检验。使用多重Cox比例风险回归模型分析MHD患者MPV与血管通路事件风险之间的相关性,并进一步根据分层特征进行亚组分析。 结果 343例MHD患者中60(17.5%)例患者出现血管通路事件,Q4、Q3、Q2、Q1组MHD患者血管通路事件的发生率分别为33.7%(29/86)、17.8%(16/90)、12.2%(10/82)、5.9%(1/85)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析结果显示,4组MHD患者血管通路事件发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.691,P<0.05)。校正混杂因素后,MPV水平升高仍是MHD患者血管通路事件发生风险的危险因素(HR=1.59,95%CI=1.28~1.97,P<0.001),且随着MPV水平升高MHD患者血管通路事件发生风险增加(P趋势<0.001)。亚组分析结果显示,除糖尿病分组,其他各亚组间均不存在交互作用(P交互>0.05)。 结论 MPV水平升高可能是MHD患者血管通路事件发生风险的危险因素,为临床医生预测血管通路事件发生的风险提供了参考指标。

关键词: 血液透析, 维持性血液透析, 平均血小板体积, 血管通路事件, 动静脉内瘘

Abstract:

Background

Arteriovenous fistula is the primary vascular access for patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a biomarker for cardiovascular events and MPV has been identified as an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Whether MPV is a risk factor for vascular access events in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is unclear.

Objective

To explore the correlation between MPV levels and the risk of vascular access events in MHD patients.

Methods

343 patients who underwent MHD at the Blood Purification Center of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 1st to 15th, 2020 were selected for the study. The follow-up cutoff was 2021-09-15, and the endpoint events were the occurrence of a vascular access event (stenosis or thrombosis of the arteriovenous fistula) or the patient's death. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the quartiles of MPV values of the included patients: group Q1 (MPV: 6.1-8.1 fL), group Q2 (MPV: 8.2-8.8 fL), group Q3 (MPV: 8.9-9.6 fL), and group Q4 (MPV: 9.7-14.1 fL). The general conditions, laboratory tests, incidence of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis and stenosis, and other relevant data of MHD patients in the 4 groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the incidence of vascular access events in MHD patients, and Log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. The correlation between MPV and the risk of vascular access events in MHD patients was analyzed using multiple Cox proportional risk regression models, and further subgroup analyses were performed based on stratified characteristics.

Results

Vascular access events occurred in 60 (17.5%) of 343 MHD patients, and the incidence rates of vascular access events in MHD patients in the Q4, Q3, Q2, and Q1 groups were 33.7% (29/86), 17.8% (16/90), 12.2% (10/82), and 5.9% (1/85), respectively. The results of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyses showed that, when comparing the incidence rates of vascular access events in the 4 groups of MHD patients, the difference was statistically different (χ2=25.693, P<0.05). After correcting for confounders, elevated MPV levels remained a risk factor for the risk of vascular access events in MHD patients (HR=1.59, 95%CI=1.28-1.97, P<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no interaction between subgroups except for the diabetes subgroup (Pinteraction>0.05) .

Conclusion

Elevated MPV levels may be a risk factor for the risk of vascular access events in patients with MHD, providing a reference index for clinicians to predict the risk of vascular access events.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Maintenance hemodialysis, Mean platelet volume, Vascular pathway events, Arteriovenous fistula

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