中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (03): 280-284.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0208

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人群骨关节疾病流行特征及其影响因素研究

高焱, 杨淑显, 范雷, 常亮, 高莉, 张寒雪, 李卉, 康锴*()   

  1. 450016 河南省郑州市,河南省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防治研究所
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-17 修回日期:2024-08-07 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2024-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 康锴

  • 作者贡献:

    高焱负责提出研究的构思与设计、对研究的可行性进行分析;高莉、杨淑显、张寒雪、李卉负责数据收集;高焱、高莉进行数据整理;高焱、常亮负责统计学分析,并对分析结果做出解释;高焱、杨淑显负责撰写论文;高焱、范雷、张寒雪、李卉负责修订论文;康锴负责文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责、监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20220176)

Epidemic Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Bone and Joint Diseases among the Elderly Population

GAO Yan, YANG Shuxian, FAN Lei, CHANG Liang, GAO Li, ZHANG Hanxue, LI Hui, KANG Kai*()   

  1. Institute for Non-infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou 450016, China
  • Received:2024-06-17 Revised:2024-08-07 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2024-10-28
  • Contact: KANG Kai

摘要: 背景 骨关节疾病是老年人群常见、多发的慢性疾病,其与更高的死亡率、更多的致残率、功能状态的下降和较低的生命质量显著相关,产生巨大的疾病负担。目前尚无河南省该病流行情况及其影响因素的研究。 目的 了解河南省老年人群骨关节疾病流行特征及其影响因素,为其实施精准防控提供科学依据。 方法 采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,通过调查问卷、医学体检、实验室检测等方法,获取2018年河南省≥18岁常住居民人口学特征、既往疾病史、身体活动及身体指标等,本研究纳入1 055名≥60岁居民为研究对象。运用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨河南省不同特征老年人群骨关节疾病特征及其影响因素。 结果 2018年河南省老年人群骨关节疾病患病率(加权后)为28.13%(95%CI=28.10%~28.15%)。其中女性、城市、超重或肥胖、中心性肥胖、血脂异常或高脂血症、无吸烟史、有打鼾史、中等强度活动的老年人群骨关节疾病患病率更高(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=0.717,95%CI=0.550~0.933,P=0.013)是老年人群骨关节疾病的保护因素;超重或肥胖(OR=1.329,95%CI=1.050~1.684,P=0.018)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.305,95%CI=1.047~1.626,P=0.018)是老年人群骨关节疾病的危险因素。 结论 河南省老年人群骨关节疾病与性别、BMI和中心性肥胖相关,应对老年人群中女性、超重或肥胖和中心性肥胖者开展针对性健康教育及综合干预。

关键词: 关节疾病, 骨关节炎, 骨关节病, 老年人, 人口特征, 影响因素分析, 河南

Abstract:

Background

Given the increasing prevalence of the high incidence of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population, and significantly associated with higher mortality, more disability, decline in functional status and lower quality of life, this creates a large disease burden. There is currently no research on the prevalence and influencing factors of this disease in Henan Province.

Objective

To provide scientific basis for understanding the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population in Henan Province and implementing precise prevention and control.

Methods

The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to obtain the demographic characteristics, past disease history, physical activity and physical indicators of permanent residents aged≥18 years old in Henan Province in 2018 through questionnaires, medical physical examination, laboratory testing and other methods. 1 055 people aged ≥60 years old were included in this study. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population with different characteristics in Henan Province.

Results

The incidence rate of bone and joint diseases among the elderly population in Henan Province in 2018 was 28.13% (95%CI=28.10%-28.15%). Among them, women, urban areas, those with overweight or obesity, central obesity, dyslipidemia or hyperlipidemia, snoring history, moderate intensity activity, and non-smoking history have higher incidence rates, and the differences are statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that males (OR=0.717, 95%CI=0.550~0.933, P=0.013) were protective factors for bone and joint diseases in the elderly population, while overweight or obesity (OR=1.329, 95%CI=1.050-1.684, P=0.018) and central obesity (OR=1.305, 95%CI=1.047-1.626, P=0.018) were risk factors for bone and joint diseases in the elderly population.

Conclusion

Bone and joint diseases in the elderly population in Henan Province are related to gender, BMI, and central obesity. Targeted health education and comprehensive intervention should be carried out for women, overweight or obese individuals, and central obesity in the elderly population.

Key words: Joint diseases, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthrosis, Aged, Population characteristics, Root Cause Analysis, Henan

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