中国全科医学

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残余胆固醇与发生了MACE的非罪犯病变易损斑块的相关性研究

杨红, 刘成, 刘森, 邵琪琪, 夭元昊, 付真彦   

  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-06-01 接受日期:2024-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 付真彦

Correlation of Remnant Cholesterol with Vulnerable Plaque Characteristics of Non-culprit Coronary Lesions at high risk of developing MACE

YANG Hong, LIU Cheng, LIU Sen, SHAO Qiqi, YAO Yuanhao, FU Zhenyan   

  • Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-06-01 Accepted:2024-06-04
  • Contact: FU Zhenyan

摘要: 背景 残余胆固醇(RC)越来越被认为是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的一个重要致病风险因素,而冠状动脉非罪犯病变 ( NCCLs) 进展也是影响冠心病患者预后的突出问题,但是RC与发展为心血管事件(MACE)的NCCLs易损斑块的关系尚不清楚。目的 探讨残余胆固醇对发生MACE的NCCLs易损斑块的预测价值及长期预后的相关性。方法 本研究为病例对照研究,选取新疆医科大学第一附属医院 2015年 1月至2022 年1月收治的接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)及光学相干断层成像(OCT)检查的冠心病患者488 例作为研究对象。通过OCT识别NCCLs的斑块特征,检查出薄纤维帽粥样硬化斑块(TCFA)105例,并对患者进行随访,根据有无发生MACE把TCFA分为两组,发生MACE的TCFA组(22例),未发生MACE的TCFA组(83例)。分析探究发生MACE的TCFA的影响因素;采用 Spearman 秩相关分析 RC与发生MACE的TCFA特征的相关性;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估RC对发生MACE的TCFA的预测价值;采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究RC对发生MACE的TCFA的风险。结果 发生MACE的TCFA组患者糖尿病史比例、RC 水平高于未发生MACE 组(P<0.05);Spearman 秩相关分析结果显示,RC 与纤维帽厚度、脂质弧、最小管腔面积及巨噬细胞浸润有相关性(rs=-0.665、0.806、 -0.771、0.481,P<0.05);RC预测发生MACE的TCFA 的 ROC 曲线下面积(AUC)为 0.695〔95%CI(0.571,0.819),P=0.005〕,最佳截断值为 0.606 mmol/L,灵敏度、特异度分别为 81.8% 和 51.8%;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高RC 水平〔OR=5.879,95%CI(1.436,24.073),P=0.014〕是发生MACE的TCFA 的危险因素。结论 RC水平升高可能是冠心病患者中非罪犯病变易损斑块发生MACE的危险因素,对发生MACE的非罪犯病变斑块易损性有一定的预测价值。

关键词: 残余胆固醇, 冠心病, 非罪犯病变, 易损斑块, 动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病, 光学相干断层成像

Abstract: Background Epidemiologic and genetic studies have established that remnants as important contributors to ASCVD,however,there are few studies on the correlation between RC and vulnerable plaque of non-culprit coronary lesions and its prognosis. Objective To investigate the correlation between remnant cholesterol with vulnerable plaque characteristics of non-culprit coronary lesions and its prognosis. Methods It was a case-control study, Four hundred and forth-eight CHD patients admitted to the first affiliated hospital of Xin jiang Medical University who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)from January 2015 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The characteristics of non-culprit coronary lesions were analyzed by OCT. The plaque features of NCCLs were identified by OCT, and 105 cases of thin fibrous cap atherosclerotic plaque (TCFA) were detected. The patients were followed up and divided into two groups according to the occurrence of MACE: TCFA group with MACE (22 cases) and TCFA group without MACE (83 cases). Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between RC and non-culprit coronary lesions characteristics; The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to assess the predictive value of RC on non-culprit coronary lesions TCFA; Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of non-culprit coronary lesions TCFA in CHD patients. Results The proportion of patients with diabetes history and RC level in the TCFA with MACE group were higher than those in the TCFA without MACE group(P<0.05). The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that RC was positively correlated with fibrous cap thickness,lipid arc,minimal lumen area , and macrophage infiltration(rs=-0.665、0.806、 -0.771、0.481,P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of RC to predict non-culprit coronary lesions of TCFA was 0.695〔95%CI(0.571,0.819),P=0.005〕,with an optimal cut-off value of 0.606 mmol/L,sensitivity and specificity of 81.8% and 51.8%,respectively. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high RC level〔OR=5.879,95%CI(1.436,24.073),P=0.014〕was a risk factor for TCFA with MACE . Conclusion Elevated RC level may be a risk factor for TCFA with MACE, which has a certain predictive value for plaque vulnerability in non-culprit coronary lesions of TCFA.

Key words: Remnant Cholesterol, Coronary Heart Disease, Non-culprit Coronary Lesions, Vulnerable Plaque, Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Optical Coherence Tomography