中国全科医学

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急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者并发急性肾损伤危险因素的系统评价

王晓雨1,2 ,冯贞贞1,2,3*,王军1,2,郭小川1,2,李建生1,2,3   

  1. 1.450003 河南省郑州市,河南中医药大学第一附属医院呼吸科 2.450003 河南省郑州市,河南中医药大学第一临床医学院 3.450046 河南省郑州市,河南中医药大学呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-06 修回日期:2024-04-02 接受日期:2024-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 冯贞贞,主治医师;E-mail:huxifzz@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中医药传承与创新“百千万”人才工程—岐黄工程首席科学家项目(2021-7);呼吸疾病中医药防治国家中医药传承创新团队(ZYYCXTD-C-202206);河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2022JDZX102)

Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome:a Systematic Review

WANG Xiaoyu1,2,FENG Zhenzhen1,2,3*,WANG Jun1,2,GUO Xiaochuan1,2,LI Jiansheng1,2,3   

  1. 1.Department of Respiratory Diseases,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450003,China 2.The First Clinical Medical School,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450003,China 3.Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of P.R. China/Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Diseases,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China
  • Received:2024-03-06 Revised:2024-04-02 Accepted:2024-04-19
  • Contact: FENG Zhenzhen,Attending physician;E-mail:huxifzz@163.com

摘要: 背景 急性肾损伤(AKI)是急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)最常见的并发症之一,显著增加了ARDS患者的死亡率。目前临床对于ARDS并发AKI的认识及有效防治措施尚不足,探索可能的预测因子对于早期评估并及时采取有效干预措施,以降低ARDS患者AKI的发生率及死亡率具有重要意义。目的 系统评价ARDS患者并发AKI的危险因素。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、维普网(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)数据库中ARDS患者并发AKI危险因素的相关文献,检索时间从建库至2023年12月。由2名研究者按照纳入和排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入17篇文献,6160例患者。Meta分析结果显示:年龄增长(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00~1.03,P=0.007)、序贯器官衰竭(SOFA)评分较高(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.05~1.30,P=0.004),合并糖尿病(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.09~1.80,P=0.008)、高血压(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.26~1.93,P<0.001)、心房颤动(OR=1.76,95%CI=1.09~2.85,P=0.020)、慢性肾病(OR=10.31,95%CI=3.30~32.19,P<0.001),中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00~1.05,P=0.030)、血管生成素2(Ang-2)(OR=1.84,95%CI=1.73~1.95,P<0.001)水平升高,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)>40U/L(OR=2.27,95%CI=1.56~3.31,P<0.001),动脉血pH降低(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.08~1.34,P=0.0006)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)降低(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.01~1.16,P=0.020),机械通气(OR=2.53,95%CI=1.96~3.26,P<0.001)、体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.43~2.28,P<0.001)是ARDS患者并发AKI的危险因素。而性别(OR=1.17,95%CI=0.82~1.67,P=0.390)、BMI(OR=1.27,95%CI=0.77~2.09,P=0.350)、肥胖(OR=5.88,95%CI=0.51~68.28,P=0.160)、急性生理与慢性健康评分(OR=1.20,95%CI=0.99~1.46,P=0.060)、心力衰竭(OR=4.49,95%CI=0.58~34.70,P=0.150)、意识障碍(OR=1.83,95%CI=0.88~3.84,P=0.110)、胸腔积液(OR=1.16,95%CI=0.81~1.65,P=0.410)、氧合指数(OR=4.30,95%CI=0.69~26.77,P=0.120)、降钙素原(OR=1.08,95%CI=0.95~1.23,P=0.230)、白细胞计数(OR=1.56,95%CI=0.51~4.80,P=0.440)、血浆白蛋白(OR=1.07,95%CI=0.97~1.17,P=0.170)与ARDS患者并发AKI不相关。结论 ARDS患者并发AKI的危险因素涉及多个方面,包括一般因素(年龄增长)、整体评估(SOFA评分高)、疾病因素(合并糖尿病、高血压、房颤、慢性肾病)、实验室指标(NLR、Ang-2水平升高,AST>40U/L,动脉血pH、GFR降低)以及治疗方面(机械通气、ECMO)。受纳入研究数量及质量局限,本结论仍需未来更多高质量研究加以验证。

关键词: 急性呼吸窘迫综合征, 急性肾损伤, 危险因素, 系统评价, Meta 分析

Abstract: Background Acute kidney injury(AKI)is one of the most common complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and significantly increases the mortality rate of ARDS patients.Currently,the clinical understanding of ARDS complicated with AKI,effective prevention and treatment measures are not enough. Exploring the possible predictors is significant for early evaluation and effective intervention measures to reduce the incidence and mortality of AKI in ARDS.Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors of AKI in ARDS. Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP and SinoMed were searched for literatures on risk factors of AKI in ARDS from inception to December 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data and assessed the quality of included literatures. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 17 studies involving 6 160 patients were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that:being older(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00-1.03,P=0.007),higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)scores(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.05-1.30,P=0.004),diabetes(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.09-1.80,P=0.008),hypertension(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.26-1.93,P<0.001),atrial fibrillation(OR=1.76,95%CI=1.09-2.85,P=0.020),chronic kidney disease(OR=10.31,95%CI=3.30-32.19,P<0.001),higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00-1.05,P=0.030),higher angiopoietin 2(Ang-2)(OR=1.84,95%CI=1.73-1.95,P<0.001),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)>40 U/L(OR=2.27,95%CI=1.56-3.31,P<0.001),lower arterial blood pH(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.08-1.34,P=0.0006),lower glomerular filtration rate(GFR)(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.01-1.16,P=0.020),mechanical ventilation(OR=2.53,95%CI=1.96-3.26,P<0.001)and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.43-2.28,P<0.001)were risk factors for AKI in ARDS. However,gender(OR=1.17,95%CI=0.82-1.67,P=0.390),BMI(OR=1.27,95%CI=0.77-2.09,P=0.350),obesity(OR=5.88,95%CI=0.51-68.28,P=0.160),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ scores(OR=1.20,95%CI=0.99-1.46,P=0.060),heart failure(OR=4.49,95%CI=0.58-34.70,P=0.150),disturbance of consciousness(OR=1.83,95%CI=0.88-3.84,P=0.110),pleural effusion(OR=1.16,95%CI=0.81-1.65,P=0.410),oxygenation index(OR=4.30,95%CI=0.69-26.77,P=0.120),procalcitonin(OR=1.08,95%CI=0.95-1.23,P=0.230),white blood cell count(OR=1.56,95%CI=0.51-4.80,P=0.440)and plasma albumin(OR=1.07,95%CI=0.97-1.17,P=0.170)were not related to AKI in ARDS. Conclusion The risk factors of AKI in ARDS involve many aspects,including general factors(being older),overall assessment(high SOFA scores),disease factors(combined with diabetes,hypertension,atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease),laboratory indicators(higher NLR,higher Ang-2,AST>40 U/L,lower arterial blood pH and GFR),and treatment(mechanical ventilation,ECMO). Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies,the above conclusion still needs to be verified by more high-quality studies in the future.

Key words: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Acute kidney injury, Risk factors, Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis

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