中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (03): 335-345.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0108

• 论著·肥胖防控专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

最大脂肪氧化强度运动改善超重或肥胖人群身体成分、心肺耐力和脂质代谢的Meta分析

卢冬磊1,2, 谭思洁1,*(), 杨风英3,*()   

  1. 1.301617 天津市,天津体育学院 天津市体卫融合与健康促进重点实验室
    2.301617 天津市,天津体育学院运动训练学院
    3.250102 山东省济南市,山东体育学院运动与健康学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-20 修回日期:2024-05-25 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2024-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 谭思洁, 杨风英

  • 作者贡献:

    卢冬磊负责数据收集整理、选题、文章撰写,对整体文章负责;谭思洁负责数据收集整理、论文评估;杨风英负责论文思路、框架的把握。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省社会科学规划研究项目(22CTYJ14)

The Improvement of Maximal Fat Oxidation Intensity on Body Composition, Cardiopulmonary Function, and Lipid Metabolism in Overweight or Obese Individuals: a Meta-analysis

LU Donglei1,2, TAN Sijie1,*(), YANG Fengying3,*()   

  1. 1. Tianjin University of Sport/Tianjin Key Lab for Sports, Health Integration & Promotion, Tianjin 301617, China
    2. College of Sports Training, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
    3. College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong China
  • Received:2024-03-20 Revised:2024-05-25 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2024-10-28
  • Contact: TAN Sijie, YANG Fengying

摘要: 背景 研究证实,超重或肥胖人群体质(体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢)与肥胖密切相关,并可能存在双向关联。最大脂肪氧化强度(FATmax)运动作为一种新型运动干预手段,可有效促进体质改善,但改善效果的量化关系需要进一步探讨。 目的 系统评价FATmax运动对超重或肥胖人群体质相关指标的干预效果。 方法 检索PubmMed、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台,检索FATmax运动对超重或肥胖患者身体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢相关指标干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时间为2001年1月—2024年1月。基于Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评估纳入文献的质量,Meta分析由RevMan 5.4软件完成。 结果 共纳入16项随机对照试验,包含568例超重或肥胖患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,FATmax运动干预组身体成分[BMI:WMD=-1.82,P<0.01;体脂百分比(BFR):WMD=-2.86,P<0.01;腰臀比(WHR):WMD=-0.04,P<0.01]、心肺耐力[最大摄氧量(VO2max):WMD=3.34,P<0.01],除总胆固醇(TC)外脂质代谢状况[三酰甘油(TG):WMD=-0.24,P<0.05;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):WMD=0.14,P<0.05;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):WMD=-0.27,P<0.05]显著改善。经亚组分析得出最佳干预方案为:干预周期≥12周,3~5次/周的训练,60 min/次的跑步,以优化身体成分;而提升VO2max的最佳方案为5次/周、<60 min/次的组合运动。在脂质代谢方面,对TG的改善最佳方案为3次/周、60 min/次的跑步;对HDL-C的最佳改善方案为4次/周、60 min/次的组合运动;对LDL-C则是4次/周、>60 min/次的组合运动。 结论 FATmax运动可显著改善超重或肥胖患者BMI、BFR、WHR、VO2max、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C结局指标,但对TC并无改善作用。

关键词: 最大脂肪氧化强度, 超重, 肥胖, 身体成分, 心肺耐力, 血脂

Abstract:

Background

Research has linked the physical constitution of overweight/obese individuals to obesity, with a potential bidirectional association. Although FATmax exercise can boost their fitness, the exact magnitude of this benefit needs further study.

Objective

Systematic evaluation is needed to assess the impact of FATmax exercise on physical fitness indicators among overweight or obese populations.

Methods

Retrieve RCTs from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data (January 2001 to January 2024) on FATmax exercise effects on body composition, cardiovascular endurance, lipid metabolism in overweight/obese patients. Evaluate quality with Cochrane tool, Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.4.

Results

A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included, including 568 overweight or obese patients. The Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group, the FATmax exercise intervention group significantly improved body composition (BMI: WMD=-1.82, P<0.01; BFR: WMD=-2.86, P<0.01; WHR: WMD=-0.04, P<0.01), cardiovascular endurance (VO2max: WMD=3.34, P<0.01), and lipid metabolism except for TC (TG: WMD=-0.24, P<0.01; HDL-C: WMD=0.14, P<0.01; LDL-C: WMD=-0.27, P<0.01). Optimal results vary: ≥12 weeks, 3-5 times/week, 60-minute running for body composition; ≥12 weeks, 5 times/week, <60 minutes combined for VO2max; ≥12 weeks, 3 times/week, 60-minute running for TG; <12 weeks, 4 times/week, 60-minute combined for HDL-C; <12 weeks, 4 times/week, >60-minute combined for LDL-C.

Conclusion

FATmax exercise benefits body composition, cardiovascular endurance, and lipid metabolism (except TC) in overweight/obese patients.

Key words: Maximum fat oxidation intensity, Overweight, Obesity, Body composition, Cardiopulmonary endurance, Blood fat

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