中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 4341-4349.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0296

• 医学循证 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳水化合物对心血管疾病风险因素影响的Meta分析

李一光1, 刘荷君2, 赵锦鹏3, 冯焱3, 徐银兰2,*()   

  1. 1.453003 河南省新乡市,新乡医学院人事处
    2.453003 河南省新乡市,新乡医学院公共卫生学院
    3.030800 山西省太原市,山西农业大学生命科学学院
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-22 修回日期:2024-01-11 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-09-13
  • 通讯作者: 徐银兰

  • 作者贡献:

    李一光、刘荷君负责文章的撰写、数据的收集与整理、结果的分析与解释;赵锦鹏、冯焱进行论文的修订;徐银兰负责文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责、监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目(222102310701); 新乡医学院博士科研启动金(XYBSKYZZ202168); 河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A320040); 河南省教育教学改革重点课题(2021SJGLX217)

Meta-analysis of the Effect of Carbohydrates on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

LI Yiguang1, LIU Hejun2, ZHAO Jinpeng3, FENG Yan3, XU Yinlan2,*()   

  1. 1. Human Resource Management Department, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
    2. School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
    3. College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030800, China
  • Received:2023-10-22 Revised:2024-01-11 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-09-13
  • Contact: XU Yinlan

摘要: 背景 心血管疾病作为全球首要死亡原因,严重威胁人类的健康。饮食作为重要的干预手段备受关注,但碳水化合物对心血管疾病的影响尚未知。 目的 分析碳水化合物摄入对心血管疾病风险因素影响的证据。 方法 计算机检索万方数据知识服务平台、中国知网、维普信息资源系统、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase数据库,获取发表时间为建库至2023年1月的关于碳水化合物与心血管疾病风险的随机对照研究。由两名研究者分别独立提取文献数据,并进行文献质量评价。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据分析。 结果 共纳入16项随机对照试验,碳水化合物饮食干预能够降低三酰甘油水平,下降了0.17 mmol/L(95%CI=-0.24~-0.10 mmol/L,P<0.000 01)。持续6个月以下碳水化合物饮食干预使三酰甘油水平下降了0.25 mmol/L(95%CI=-0.33~-0.17 mmol/L,P<0.000 01);12~23个月组三酰甘油降低0.15 mmol/L(95%CI=-0.29~-0.01 mmol/L,P=0.04)。血浆高密度脂蛋白水平升高0.09 mmol/L(95%CI=0.07~0.10 mmol/L,P<0.000 01),血浆低密度脂蛋白水平升高0.10 mmol/L(95%CI=0.02~0.17 mmol/L,P=0.01)。 结论 低碳水化合物饮食对心血管危险因素的总体影响在6个月以下和6~11个月时更加有利,但2年后对心血管危险因素没有显著影响,其长期影响需要进一步研究证实。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 碳水化合物, 膳食, 血脂异常, Meta分析

Abstract:

Background

As the leading cause of death in the world, cardiovascular diseases pose a serious threat to human health. Diet has attracted much attention as an important intervention, but the effect of carbohydrates on cardiovascular disease is unknown.

Objective

To analyze the evidence of the correlation between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease risk.

Methods

Wanfang Data, CNKI, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched by computer for randomized controlled trials on the risk of carbohydrates and cardiovascular disease published from inception to January 2023. Two researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation separately. RevMan 5.3 was used for data analysis.

Results

A total of 16 randomized trials were included. Carbohydrate could significantly reduce triglyceride level by 0.17 mmol/L (95%CI=-0.24--0.10, P<0.000 01). The level of triglyceride decreased by 0.25 mmol/L (95%CI=-0.33--0.17, P<0.000 01) in carbohydrate diet intervention for less than 6 months, and 0.15 mmol/L (95%CI=-0.29--0.01, P=0.04) in 12-23 months group. Plasma HDL-C level increased by 0.09 mmol/L (95%CI=0.07-0.10, P<0.000 01), and plasma LDL-C level increased by 0.10 mmol/L (95%CI=0.02-0.17, P=0.01) .

Conclusion

The overall effect of low carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors is more favorable below 6 months and 6-11 months, but it has no significant effect on cardiovascular risk factors after 2 years, and its long-term effect needs further study.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Carbohydrates, Diet, Dyslipidemias, Meta-analysis

中图分类号: