中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (24): 2969-2975.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0015

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区膝骨关节炎患者非手术治疗现状:多中心横断面研究

周峻1,2, 刘晓雨3, 王萍4, 颜炎1,2, 林嘉铭1,2, 张跨越1,2, 董芃萱1,2, 刘毓之1,2, 胡啸丛5, 宓保宏2, 王荣田1,2, 陈月峰6,*(), 陈卫衡1,2,*()   

  1. 1.100029 北京市,北京中医药大学第三附属医院微创关节科
    2.100029 北京市,中医骨伤治疗与运动康复智能化教育部工程研究中心
    3.100013 北京市东城区和平里社区卫生服务中心医政科
    4.100013 北京市东城区和平里社区卫生服务中心护理院感科
    5.100013 北京市东城区和平里社区卫生服务中心中医科
    6.100029 北京市,北京中医药大学第三附属医院筋伤科
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-20 修回日期:2024-03-15 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 陈月峰, 陈卫衡

  • 作者贡献:

    周峻进行文章的构思和撰写,统计学处理,结果分析与解释;刘晓雨、王萍负责调查协调和统筹;周峻、颜炎负责问卷设计和数据整理;林嘉铭、张跨越、董芃萱、刘毓之、胡啸丛负责问卷调查;宓保宏、王荣田负责研究质量控制和文章修订;陈月峰负责文章整体设计;陈卫衡负责研究设计,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    首都卫生发展科研重点攻关专项(首发2022-1-7032); 北京中医药大学高层次人才科研启动项目(2021-XJ-KYQD-001)

The Current Status of Non-surgical Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in the Community: a Multi-center Cross-sectional Study

ZHOU Jun1,2, LIU Xiaoyu3, WANG Ping4, YAN Yan1,2, LIN Jiaming1,2, ZHANG Kuayue1,2, DONG Pengxuan1,2, LIU Yuzhi1,2, HU Xiaocong5, MI Baohong2, WANG Rongtian1,2, CHEN Yuefeng6,*(), CHEN Weiheng1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Minimally Invasive Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Engineering Research Center of Chinese Orthopaedics and Sports Rehabilitation Artificial Intelligent, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
    3. Medical Administration Department, Hepingli Community Health Service Center, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100013, China
    4. Nursing Department of the Hepingli Community Health Service Center, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100013, China
    5. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hepingli Community Health Service Center, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100013, China
    6. Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2023-12-20 Revised:2024-03-15 Published:2024-08-20 Online:2024-05-08
  • Contact: CHEN Yuefeng, CHEN Weiheng

摘要: 背景 膝骨关节炎(KOA)是临床常见疾病,病程长达数十年,在社区医院开展长期和个性化健康管理是KOA防治的最佳途径,非手术治疗是延缓关节退变和推迟关节置换手术的有效方式。 目的 了解社区医院KOA就诊人群的人群特征、临床分期和治疗方式特点,为优化基层KOA治疗方案提供依据。 方法 对北京市市区所有街道采用整群抽样方法,随机抽取北京市东城区和平里街道KOA患者为研究对象,普查该街道辖区内所有社区医院(7家)2022年1—6月就诊的所有患者,采集一般资料、既往史、个人史、临床分期、影像学Kellgren & Lawrence(KL)分级、治疗方式等资料。 结果 本研究共纳入3 615例KOA患者,男1 327例(36.71%)、女2 288例(63.29%),年龄(71.8±13.3)岁,发作期867例(23.98%)、缓解期2 009例(55.57%)、康复期739例(20.45%)。不同临床分期患者的性别、年龄与临床分期无相关性(P>0.05),BMI(K=0.235)、KL分级(K=0.406)与临床分期相关(P<0.001)。发作期多选用4~5种治疗方式联合治疗(48.67%),治疗方式主要为外用中成药598例(68.97%)、口服中成药475例(54.79%)、健康教育396例(45.67%);缓解期多选用2~3种治疗方式联合治疗(48.58%),治疗方式主要为外用中成药1 084例(53.96%)、健康教育1 047例(52.12%)、拔罐790例(39.32%);康复期多选用2~3种治疗方式联合治疗(47.23%),治疗方式主要为健康教育488例(66.04%)、传统功法286例(38.70%)、外用中成药279例(37.75%)。临床分期与联合治疗方式的种类相关(K=0.356,P<0.05)。 结论 社区医院KOA就诊患者以缓解期为主,治疗多采用多种方式结合,中成药和传统功法也有广泛的应用。

关键词: 骨关节炎,膝, 临床分期, 药物疗法, 中成药

Abstract:

Background

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common clinical condition with a decades-long course. Long-term and personalised health management in community hospitals is the best way to prevent and treat KOA, and non-surgical treatment is an effective way to slow joint degeneration and postpone joint replacement surgery.

Objective

To understand the population characteristics, clinical staging and treatment modality characteristics of the population attending community hospitals for knee osteoarthritis, in order to provide a basis for optimising the treatment protocol for knee osteoarthritis at the grassroots level.

Method

All streets in the urban area of Beijing were randomly selected for the study using the whole cluster sampling method, and Hepingli Street in Dongcheng District, Beijing was censored for all patients who attended all community hospitals (7) belonging to the street from January to June 2022, and general information, medical history, personal history, clinical staging, K-L grading and treatment modalities were collected.

Results

A total of 3 615 KOA patients were included in this study, including 1 327 males (36.71%) and 2 288 females (63.29%), aged (71.8±13.3) years. There were 867 cases (23.98%) in the onset period, 2009 cases (55.57%) in the remission period and 739 cases (20.45%) in the rehabilitation period. Gender and age of patients with different clinical stages were not correlated with clinical stages (P>0.05), while BMI (K=0.235) and KL grading (K=0.406) were correlated with clinical stages (P<0.001). During the attack period, 4-5 kinds of treatment methods (48.67%) were combined, and the treatment methods were mainly traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations for external use 598 cases (68.97%), 475 cases (54.79%) of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations for oral use, and 396 cases (45. 67%) of health education; in the remission stage, 2-3 treatment methods were used in combination (48.58%), mainly including 1 084 cases (53.96%) of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations for external use, 1 047 cases (52.12%) of health education and 790 cases (39.32%) of cupping; in the rehabilitation stage, 2-3 kinds of treatment methods were used in combination (47.23%). The main treatment methods were health education in 488 cases (66.04%), traditional exercises in 286 cases (38.70%), and external use of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations in 279 cases (37.75%). There was a correlation between clinical stage and type of combination therapy (K=0.356, P<0.05) .

Conclusion

KOA patients in community hospitals are mainly in remission, and treatment is often combined with various methods of traditional Chinese patent medicine and simple preparations, and traditional exercises are also widely used.

Key words: Osteoarthritis, knee, Clinical stage, Drug therapy, Chinese patent medicines

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