中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (25): 3129-3135.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0798

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区老年人合理用药管理模式对患者用药知信行的影响研究

李丽莎1,2, 唐琪1,2, 王草1,2, 吴文辉3, 吴欢云4, 高振奇5, 曹文芳6, 吕军1,2,7,*()   

  1. 1.200433 上海市,复旦大学公共卫生学院
    2.200032 上海市,复旦大学中国残疾问题研究中心
    3.200032 上海市卫生健康委员会应急管理办公室
    4.200540 上海市金山区卫生健康事业管理中心
    5.201516 上海市金山区廊下镇社区卫生服务中心
    6.201514 上海市金山区张堰镇社区卫生服务中心
    7.200040 上海市,国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 修回日期:2024-04-26 出版日期:2024-09-05 发布日期:2024-06-14
  • 通讯作者: 吕军
  • 李丽莎、唐琪为共同第一作者


    作者贡献:

    李丽莎、唐琪负责文献收集、数据整理,撰写论文;吕军负责研究整体性构思与设计,对文章整体负责;吴文辉、吴欢云、吕军负责研究的实施与可行性分析;高振奇、曹文芳负责现场实施的监督管理;李丽莎、王草、唐琪负责数据收集核对及统计分析;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。并列第一作者唐琪与第一作者李丽莎具有同等贡献。

  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA078); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(72004030,71774030); 2023年唐仲英基金会"一米暖阳"项目

The Influence of Rational Drug Use Management Mode of the Elderly in Community on Patients' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Drug Use

LI Lisha1,2, TANG Qi1,2, WANG Cao1,2, WU Wenhui3, WU Huanyun4, GAO Zhenqi5, CAO Wenfang6, LYU Jun1,2,7,*()   

  1. 1.School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
    2.China Research Center on Disability Issues, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
    3.Emergency Management Office, Shanghai Health and Wellness Committee, Shanghai 200032, China
    4.Shanghai Jinshan District Health Management Center, Shanghai 200540, China
    5.Langxia Town Community Health Service Center, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201516, China
    6.Zhangyan Town Community Health Service Center, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201514, China
    7.National Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatrics, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2024-04-22 Revised:2024-04-26 Published:2024-09-05 Online:2024-06-14
  • Contact: LYU Jun
  • About author:

    LI Lisha and TANG Qi are co-first authors

摘要: 背景 随着人口老龄化进程加快,老年人共病和多重用药问题严重,社区卫生服务中心成为老年人获取各类健康服务的重要途径,然而基层医疗卫生机构对老年患者的用药管理仍处在薄弱状态。 目的 探讨社区老年人合理用药管理模式对患者用药知信行的影响,为改善老年人用药行为提供现实依据。 方法 于2021年9—12月,选择上海市金山区2家社区卫生服务中心作为样本来源地,以已签约家庭医生的老年慢性病共病患者为研究对象。随机选取其中1家社区卫生服务中心的已签约老年患者为干预组(n=223),以另一家社区卫生服务中心的已签约老年患者为对照组(n=198)。采用倾向性匹配得分(PSM)以1∶1比例进行组间基线匹配。对照组患者采用常规慢性病管理方案,对干预组患者进行药物整合,指导患者在用药过程中使用《老年人用药保健手册》及分装药盒,开展社区老年人合理用药管理模式。记录患者入组时和随访3个月后的用药知信行得分和规范用药行为情况,并分析干预前后变化情况。 结果 经过PSM后,共有141对匹配成功,匹配后干预组与对照组基本情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,干预组患者合理用药知识、信念、用药依从性得分、规范用药习惯养成情况与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,干预组患者合理用药知识、信念、用药依从性得分高于对照组合理用药知识、信念、用药依从性得分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,干预组患者建立用药提醒习惯、将药物放在显眼位置、家属参与协助提醒服药、使用分装药盒和记录用药笔记的比例均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 社区老年人合理用药管理模式有助于强化家庭医生团队服务,增强患者合理用药知识信念,提高患者用药行为依从性和规范性。

关键词: 慢性病, 老年人, 合理用药管理, 家庭医生制, 上海

Abstract:

Background

With the acceleration of population aging, the problem of multi-drug comorbidity among the elderly is serious, and community health service centers have become an important way for the elderly to obtain various health services. However, the management of medication for elderly patients in primary health care institutions is still in a weak state.

Objective

To explore the influence of the rational medication management model on patients' knowledge, belief and behavior of medication in the community elderly, and to provide a realistic basis for improving the medication behavior of the elderly.

Methods

From September to December 2021, two community health centers in Jinshan District, Shanghai were selected as the sample source, elderly patients with chronic disease comorbidity with contracted general practitioner were studied. The contracted elderly patients from one of the community health service centers were randomly selected as the intervention group (n=223), and the contracted elderly patients from another community health service center were selected as the control group (n=198). Baseline matching between groups was performed using a propensity matching score (PSM) in a 1∶1 ratio. Patients in the control group adopted the conventional chronic disease management plan, patients in the intervention group were medication-integrated and instructed to use the Health Care Handbook of Medication for the Elderly and split pill boxes during medication administration, implementing a rational drug use management mode of the elderly in community. The patients' medication knowledge, belief and behavior scores and standardized medication use behaviors at enrollment and after 3 months of follow-up were recorded, and changes before and after the intervention were analyzed.

Results

After PSM, a total of 141 pairs were successfully matched, and the difference between the basic situation of the intervention group and the control group after matching was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After the intervention, the difference between the patients' knowledge of rational medication, belief, medication adherence score, and the development of standardized medication habits in the intervention group was statistically significant compared with the pre-intervention situation (P<0.05). After the intervention, the patient's knowledge of rational medication use, belief, and medication adherence scoreswere higher than those of the control group in the intervention group. Knowledge of rational medication, belief, and medication adherence scorewere higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After the intervention, the proportion of patients in the intervention group who established the habit of reminding medication, placed medication in a conspicuous location, and involved family members to assist with medication reminders, used split pill boxes, and recorded medication notes were higher than those in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

The rational medication management model for the elderly in the community can help strengthen the family doctor team services, enhance the patients' knowledge and belief in rational medication use, and improve the patients' adherence and standardization of medication use behavior.

Key words: Chronic disease, Elderly, Rational medication management, Family physician system, Shanghai