中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 1252-1260.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0486

• 流行病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州省40~60岁女性尿失禁的流行病学调查及其对生活质量的影响研究

吴春艳1, 邓映岚2, 赵平3, 胡仕秀4, 吴小燕5, 朱焱1, 黎香彦6, 谢正州7, 王蓉8, 高艳9, 杨秀英10, 许海娜1, 卢然11, 冉利梅1,11,*()   

  1. 1.561113 贵州省贵阳市,贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院 环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室
    2.562499 贵州省兴义市黔西南州人民医院妇科
    3.552102 贵州省毕节市织金县妇幼保健院妇科
    4.563102 贵州省遵义市播州区妇幼保健院妇科
    5.556599 贵州省黔东南州三穗县妇幼保健院妇科
    6.562100 贵州省安顺市普定县人民医院妇科
    7.551199 贵州省贵阳市息烽县妇幼保健院妇科
    8.558099 贵州省都匀市黔南州妇幼保健院妇科
    9.553300 贵州省毕节市纳雍县人民医院妇科
    10.564199 贵州省遵义市湄潭县妇幼保健院妇科
    11.550500 贵州省贵阳市,贵州医科大学附属医院健康体检中心
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29 修回日期:2023-10-10 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 冉利梅

  • 作者贡献:吴春艳、冉利梅进行文章的构思与研究的设计;吴春艳、朱焱负责研究的实施;吴春艳、邓映岚、赵平、胡仕秀、吴小燕、黎香彦、谢正州、王蓉、高艳、杨秀英、许海娜、卢然负责数据收集;吴春艳进行数据分析与结果解释,撰写论文;许海娜、卢然负责相关行政、技术或支持;冉利梅负责文章的质量控制与审校、研究经费的获取及论文写作的指导,对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果-LC【2022】003); 中国健康促进基金会博士联盟项目(横向课题); 贵州医科大学附属医院院内课题项目(2021-GMHCT-011); 贵阳市科技计划项目(科筑合同【2022】-4-2-1)

Epidemiological Survey of Urinary Incontinence and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Women Aged 40-60 Years in Guizhou Province

WU Chunyan1, DENG Yinglan2, ZHAO Ping3, HU Shixiu4, WU Xiaoyan5, ZHU Yan1, LI Xiangyan6, XIE Zhengzhou7, WANG Rong8, GAO Yan9, YANG Xiuying10, XU Haina1, LU Ran11, RAN Limei1,11,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
    2. Department of Gynaecology, Qian Xi Nan People's Hospital, Xingyi 562499, China
    3. Department of Gynaecology, Zhi Jin Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Bijie 552102, China
    4. Department of Gynaecology, Bo Zhou District Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Zunyi 563102, China
    5. Department of Gynaecology, San Sui Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Qiandongnan 556599, China
    6. Department of Gynaecology, Pu Ding County People's Hospital, Anshun 562100, China
    7. Department of Gynaecology, Xi Feng Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Guiyang 551199, China
    8. Department of Gynaecology, Qian Nan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Duyun 558099, China
    9. Department of Gynaecology, Na Yong People's Hospital, Bijie 553300, China
    10. Department of Gynaecology, Mei Tan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Zunyi 564199, China
    11. Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550500, China
  • Received:2023-06-29 Revised:2023-10-10 Published:2024-04-05 Online:2024-01-25
  • Contact: RAN Limei

摘要: 背景 尿失禁好发于40~60岁女性,其对女性身体健康及生活质量可造成严重影响。 目的 了解贵州省40~60岁女性尿失禁的患病率及其影响因素,以及尿失禁对生活质量的影响。 方法 于2022年6月—2023年1月,选取贵州省7个地区10家医院行健康体检的40~60岁女性为研究对象,采用自制的一般资料调查表收集研究对象的基本资料,分别采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会女性下尿路症状问卷量表(ICIQ-FLUTS)和尿失禁生活质量问卷(I-QoL)测定研究对象尿失禁的严重程度和生活质量水平,根据国际尿控协会(ICS)制定的诊断标准,判断尿失禁类型,包括压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究尿失禁的影响因素,并探究不同尿失禁类型和尿失禁的严重程度对患者生活质量的影响。 结果 共发放问卷3 000份,回收有效问卷2 966份,有效回收率为98.9%。2 966名研究对象中,尿失禁的患病率为33.4%(991/2 966),其中压力性尿失禁患病率为20.1%(596/2 966),急迫性尿失禁患病率为2.0%(58/2 966),混合性尿失禁患病率为11.4%(337/2 966)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,体育锻炼、月经情况、产次、盆腔器官脱垂史、会阴裂伤、会阴侧切是压力性尿失禁的影响因素(P<0.05);盆腔手术史、流产次数、新生儿体质量是急迫性尿失禁的影响因素(P<0.05);腰围、慢性盆腔疼痛史、盆腔器官脱垂史、会阴裂伤是混合性尿失禁的影响因素(P<0.05)。混合性尿失禁患者I-QoL总分、行为限制得分、心理影响得分、社会活动障碍得分均低于压力性尿失禁和急迫性尿失禁(P<0.05);重度尿失禁患者I-QoL总分、行为限制得分、心理影响得分、社会活动障碍得分均低于轻度和中度患者(P<0.05)。 结论 贵州省40~60岁女性尿失禁的患病率较高,为33.41%,不同类型尿失禁的影响因素不同,混合性尿失禁和重度尿失禁对患者生活质量的影响最大,为该人群的预防和健康管理提供参考依据。

关键词: 尿失禁, 尿失禁,压力性, 尿失禁,急迫性, 混合性尿失禁, 生活质量, 流行病学, 贵州省

Abstract:

Background

Urinary incontinence often occurs in women aged 40-60 years and contributes to a significant impact on women's physical health and quality of life.

Objective

To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life in women aged 40-60 years in Guizhou Province.

Methods

From June 2022 to January 2023, women aged 40-60 years who underwent health checkups in 10 hospitals in 7 regions of Guizhou Province were selected as the study subjects. A self-designed general data questionnaire was used to collect the basic data of the study subjects, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and Incontinence Quality of Life Measure (I-QoL) were used to determine the severity of urinary incontinence and the level of quality of life of the study subjects, respectively. Different types of incontinence, including stress incontinence, urge incontinence, and mixed incontinence, were determined according to the diagnostic criteria established by the International Continence Society (ICS). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of urinary incontinence, and explore the effects of different types and severity levels of urinary incontinence on patients' quality of life.

Results

A total of 3 000 questionnaires were distributed, and 2 966 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid recovery rate of 98.9%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence among the 2 966 study subjects was 33.4% (991/2 966), including 20.1% (596/2 966) for stress incontinence, 2.0% (58/2 966) for urge incontinence, and 11.4% (337/2 966) for mixed incontinence. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that physical exercise, menstrual status, parity, history of pelvic organ prolapse, perineal laceration, and lateral episiotomy were the influencing factors of stress incontinence (P<0.05) ; history of pelvic surgery, number of miscarriages, and neonatal weight were the influencing factors of urge incontinence (P<0.05), waist circumference, history of chronic pelvic pain, pelvic organ prolapse, perineal laceration were factors associated with mixed incontinence (P<0.05). The total score of I-QoL, scores of behavioral limitations, psychological impact, and social activities impairment were lower in patients with mixed incontinence than those with stress and urge incontinence (P<0.05) ; the total score of I-QoL, scores of behavioral limitations, psychological impact, and social activity impairment were lower in the severe incontinence patients than those with mild and moderate incontinence (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Guizhou Province has a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence of 33.41% in women aged 40-60 years, influencing factors differ for different types of urinary incontinence, mixed incontinence and severe urinary incontinence have the greatest impact on patients' quality of life, to provide a reference basis for prevention and health management in this population.

Key words: Urinary incontinence, Urinary incontinence, stress, Urinary incontinence, urge, Mixed urinary incontinence, Quality of life, Epidemiology, Guizhou province