中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (04): 476-484.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0398

• 论著·全科医学教育研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基层全科医生应诊能力评价指标体系的信效度研究

顾劲梅1, 纪舒妤2, 奚谦3, 彭厚瑄4, 覃丽5, 赵璨1, 陈培萌6, 黄小翠7, 梁睿莹5, 申颖8,*()   

  1. 1.530021 广西壮族自治区南宁市,广西医科大学第一附属医院全科医学科
    2.543103 广西壮族自治区梧州市龙圩区新地镇卫生院
    3.530229 广西壮族自治区南宁市江南区延安镇卫生院
    4.530603 广西壮族自治区南宁市马山县周鹿中心卫生院
    5.530041 广西壮族自治区南宁市西乡塘区坛洛中心卫生院
    6.543214 广西壮族自治区岑溪市糯垌中心卫生院
    7.530047 广西壮族自治区南宁市江南区江西中心卫生院
    8.530021 广西壮族自治区南宁市,广西医科大学全科医学院
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-25 修回日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-02-05 发布日期:2023-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 申颖

  • 作者贡献:申颖负责研究构思与设计;顾劲梅、申颖设计调查量表和实施抽样,负责撰写论文;纪舒妤、奚谦、彭厚瑄、陈培萌、黄小翠、梁睿莹发放及收集调查量表;顾劲梅、覃丽、赵璨整理数据,并进行统计学分析;申颖负责论文最终版修订,对论文整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金资助项目(2020GXNSFAA238019)

Validity and Reliability of an Evaluation Index System for Consultation Competency of General Practitioners Practicing in Primary Care Settings

GU Jingmei1, JI Shuyu2, XI Qian3, PENG Houxuan4, QIN Li5, ZHAO Can1, CHEN Peimeng6, HUANG Xiaocui7, LIANG Ruiying5, SHEN Ying8,*()   

  1. 1. Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
    2. Xindi Township Health Center, Longxu District, Wuzhou 543103, China
    3. Yanan Township Health Center, Jiangnan District, Nanning 530229, China
    4. Zhoulu Central Township Health Center, Mashan County, Nanning 530603, China
    5. Tanluo Central Township Health Center, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530041, China
    6. Nuodong Central Township Health Center, Cenxi 543214, China
    7. Jiangxi Central Township Health Center, Jiangnan District, Nanning 530047, China
    8. School of General Practice, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
  • Received:2023-07-25 Revised:2023-08-17 Published:2024-02-05 Online:2023-11-09
  • Contact: SHEN Ying

摘要: 背景 目前,我国缺乏在农村基层卫生环境中评估全科医生临床能力的研究,缺少适用于农村基层医疗环境的医疗服务能力评价工具是导致该类研究偏少的重要原因之一。 目的 本文旨在验证前期构建的基层全科医生应诊能力评价指标体系的内部一致性信度和结构效度,为在农村基层中科学、客观测评全科医生应诊能力提供具备较高信效度的评估工具。 方法 依据基层全科医生应诊能力评价指标体系设计相应的调查量表,以Likert 5级评分法为各选项赋分。于2022年9—12月,采用目的性和分层抽样方法,抽取正在广西壮族自治区乡镇卫生院工作的全科医生或助理全科医生为研究对象,通过"问卷星"平台将调查量表发送给研究对象。基于量表实测数据,计算量表及各部分的Cronbach'α系数、折半信度系数、临界比值(CR)及相关系数;采用验证性因子分析法(CFA)将量表实测数据和假设理论模型拟合,计算模型基本拟合度(PFC)、整体模型拟合度(OMF)及模型内在结构拟合度(FISM)3类指标验证实测数据拟合程度及结构效度。 结果 共发放600份调查量表,有效回收366份,有效回收率为61.0%。量表应答者来自南宁市、桂林市、梧州市、百色市、贵港市5个城市的204家乡镇卫生院,86.1%(315/366)为全科医师、13.9%(51/366)为助理全科医师。总量表及除基本人口学信息外的各部分的Cronbach's α系数均>0.700,总量表折半信度Guttman Split-Half系数为0.931。初始一阶7因子模型的各项PFC指标均达理想;除拟合优度指数(GFI)、调和拟合优度指数(AGFI)、标准拟合指数(NFI)外,修正后的最终一阶模型的OMF指标均已达理想;FISM指标中有9个观察变量的项目信度(R2)<0.5,其余均达理想;初始二阶模型的PFC与初始一阶模型相似;修正后的最终二阶模型的OMF与最终一阶模型接近,FISM则逊于最终一阶模型。量表实测数据最终与一阶7因子模型拟合良好。 结论 基层全科医生应诊能力评价指标体系具备较高的信度和效度,可用于农村基层执业环境中全科医生应诊能力测评研究和实际工作。

关键词: 全科医生, 应诊能力, 信效度验证, 验证性因子分析, 二阶验证性因子模型

Abstract:

Background

Currently, there is a lack of clinical competence evaluation tools applicable of general practitioners (GPs) practicing in rural settings in China, resulting in the lack of researches on the clinical competence evaluation of GPs in rural.

Objective

To explore reliability and validity of an evaluation index system for consultation competency of rural GPs developed previously, and provide an evaluation tool with high reliability and validity for scientific and objective assessment of consultation competence of GPs in rural settings.

Methods

Based on the evaluation system for consultation competency of rural GPs, a corresponding questionnaire was designed, and points were assigned to each option on a 5-point Likert scale. From September to December 2022, GPs or assistant general practitioners (AGPs) who were working in rural township health centers in Guangxi Province were recruited as the research subjects by using the purposive sampling and stratified sampling methods, the questionnaire was distributed through a national web-based survey platform-"WJX" to them. Cronbach's α coefficient, split-half coefficient, critical ratio (CR) and correlation coefficients were calculated based on questionnaire data. Confirmative factor analysis was employed to fit questionnaire data and assumed model, and calculate three categories of indicators, including preliminary fit criteria (PFC), overall model fit (OMF), and fit of internal structural model (FISM), to verify the degree of fit and structural validity of the measured data.

Results

A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed and 366 were validly collected, with an effective recovery rate of 61.0%, 86.1% were registered as GPs and 13.9% as AGPs, who came from five cities, including Nanning, Guilin, Wuzhou, Baise, and Guigang, and 204 township health centers in Guangxi Province. Cronbach'α coefficient for the whole questionnaire or for every section was higher than 0.700, and Guttman Split-Half coefficient was 0.931. The initial first-order model met the PFC well; except for goodness of fit index (GFI), adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), and normed fit index (NFI), other indicators related to the OMF reached for the best levels in the modified first-order model. Apart from R2 for 9 observable variables less than 0.5, the FISM for the modified first-order model showed good effects. The initial second-order model indicated as similar effects on the PFC as the initial first-order model; the modified second-order model shared similar OMF with the modified first-order model; the modified second-order model was inferior to the modified first-order model in terms of the FISM. Eventually, questionnaire data fitted the modified first-order model better.

Conclusion

The evaluation index system for consultation competency of rural GPs shows high reliability and validity, which can be used for research and practical work on the evaluation of consultation competence evaluation of GPs in rural settings.

Key words: General practitioners, Consultation competency, Reliability and validity, Confirmatory factor analysis, Second-order model