中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 4264-4272.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0653

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国南北两地2型糖尿病患者二线用药偏好差异研究

曹晨晨1, 刘志刚2, 刘世蒙3, 郑吕云1, 薛文静2, 陈英耀3,*(), 刘静1,*()   

  1. 1.571199 海南省海口市,海南医科大学公共卫生学院
    2.571199 海南省海口市,海南医科大学第一附属医院
    3.200032 上海市,复旦大学公共卫生学院 国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-10 修回日期:2024-08-12 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-09-13
  • 通讯作者: 陈英耀, 刘静

  • 作者贡献:

    曹晨晨、刘志刚负责文章设计与论文撰写;刘世蒙负责调查问卷设计及论文修订;郑吕云、薛文静主要负责数据收集和调研;陈英耀、刘静指导论文撰写、论文修订、负责文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074047); 海南医科大学研究生创新科研课题(HYYB2023A49)

The Differences in Second-line Medication Preferences for T2DM Patients between North and South China

CAO Chenchen1, LIU Zhigang2, LIU Shimeng3, ZHENG Lyuyun1, XUE Wenjing2, CHEN Yingyao3,*(), LIU Jing1,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
    2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
    3. NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment/School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
  • Received:2024-03-10 Revised:2024-08-12 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-09-13
  • Contact: CHEN Yingyao, LIU Jing

摘要: 背景 近年来我国糖尿病患病人数位列全球第一。《中国老年2型糖尿病防治临床指南(2022年版)》推荐二甲双胍为一线降糖用药的同时,强调"以患者为中心",根据患者的临床特征及其偏好选择适当的二线降糖药进行联合用药。由于我国南北两地2型糖尿病患病率、生活行为等方面存在较大差异,两地2型糖尿病患者二线用药偏好是否存在差异还有待进一步论证。 目的 分析南北两地2型糖尿病患者二线用药偏好差异,为临床和卫生管理决策提供实证依据。 方法 于2021年10月—2022年1月,采用离散选择实验设计调查问卷,多阶段随机整群抽样与方便抽样相结合,调查南北两地2型糖尿病患者二线用药偏好,构建混合Logit模型进行偏好分析。 结果 本研究共发放问卷1 443份,回收有效问卷1 388份,有效回收率为96.19%。Logit模型分析结果显示,血糖控制效果、发生低血糖事件的风险、发生胃肠道不良反应的风险、能否保护心血管、服药方式、自付费用是南方患者对二线用药偏好的影响因素(P<0.05),南方2型糖尿病患者偏好自付费用为0元/月、无胃肠道不良反应风险、血糖控制效果很强、无低血糖事件风险、能保护心血管和服药方式为口服的二线降糖药物(P<0.05),当发生胃肠道不良反应的风险由较高换为无风险时,南方患者每月愿意支付408.06元。血糖控制效果、发生低血糖事件的风险、发生胃肠道不良反应的风险、能否保护心血管、服药方式、自付费用、半年内体质量变化是北方患者对二线用药偏好的影响因素(P<0.05),北方2型糖尿病患者偏好自付费用为0元/月、血糖控制效果很强、无低血糖事件风险、能保护心血管、无胃肠道不良反应风险、服药方式为口服和半年内体质量变化降低2.0 kg的二线降糖药物(P<0.05),当治疗血糖控制效果很弱换为很强时,北方患者每月愿意支付435.98元。 结论 除自付费用外,南方2型糖尿病患者更关注胃肠道不良反应,而北方2型糖尿病患者更重视血糖控制效果,南北两地2型糖尿病患者二线用药偏好存在差异。地域差异为2型糖尿病患者个性化治疗提供了依据,临床诊治需要"以患者为中心",注重个体偏好差异。

关键词: 糖尿病,2型, 南北两地, 二线降糖药, 患者偏好, 离散选择实验

Abstract:

Background

In recent years, the number of diabetics in China ranks first in the world. While recommending metformin as the first-line hypoglycemic drug, the Chinese Clinical Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the Elderly (2022 edition) emphasize "patient-centere" and select appropriate second-line hypoglycemic agents for combination administration according to the clinical characteristics and preferences of patients. Because there are great differences in the prevalence rate and life behavior of type 2 diabetes between the north and the south of China, whether there is a difference in the second-line drug preference of patients with type 2 diabetes between the two places remains to be further demonstrated.

Objective

To analyze the difference of second-line drug preference among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North and South China, and to provide empirical evidence for clinical and health management decision-making.

Methods

The study adopts a Discrete Choice Experimental design, Mixed Logit Model was used to analyze drug preference of patients with type 2 diabetes in the north and south of China based on Multi-stage random cluster sampling and convenient sampling, from October 2021 to January 2022.

Results

In this study, 1 443 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 388 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 96.19%. Logit model analysis showed that the effect of blood sugar control, the risk of hypoglycemia, the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, whether the cardiovascular system can be protected, the way of taking drugs and the out-of-pocket cost/month were the influencing factors of the second-line drug preference of southern patients (P<0.05). Patients with type 2 diabetes in South China prefer to take oral second-line hypoglycemic drugs with 0 yuan, no risk of gastrointestinal side effects, strong blood sugar control effect, no risk of hypoglycemia events, and can protect the cardiovascular system (P<0.05). When the risk of gastrointestinal side effects changes from high to no risk, patients in South China are willing to pay 408.06 yuan per month. The effect of blood sugar control, the risk of hypoglycemia, the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, whether the cardiovascular system can be protected, the way of taking medicine, out-of-pocket expenses/month, and the change of body mass within half a year are the influencing factors of the preference for second-line medication in northern patients (P<0.05). The patients with type 2 diabetes in the north prefer the second-line hypoglycemic drugs with 0 yuan, strong blood sugar control effect, no risk of hypoglycemia events, cardiovascular protection and no risk of gastrointestinal reaction, taking orally and reducing body weight by 2.0 kg within six months (P<0.05). When the blood sugar control effect is weak and changed to strong, the patients in the north are willing to pay 435.98 yuan per month.

Conclusion

In addition to out-of-pocket expenses/month, patients with type 2 diabetes in the south pay more attention to gastrointestinal side effects, while patients with type 2 diabetes in the north pay more attention to the effect of blood sugar control. There are differences in second-line medication preferences between the two places. Regional differences provide a basis for individualized treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical diagnosis and treatment should be "patient-centere" and pay attention to individual preference differences.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2, North and south, Second-line hypoglycemic medications, Patient preferences, Discrete choice experiment