中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (09): 1074-1081.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0435

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

孕晚期血清尿酸及血清尿酸/肌酐水平与不良妊娠结局的关系研究

赵茹1, 韩晨2, 黄泽宇2, 王茜2, 胡君3, 葛智娟2, 毕艳2, 沈山梅1,2,*()   

  1. 1.210003 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学鼓楼临床医学院内分泌科
    2.210003 江苏省南京市,南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院内分泌科
    3.214121 江苏省无锡市,华东疗养院健康管理科
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-23 修回日期:2023-10-15 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2023-12-19
  • 通讯作者: 沈山梅

  • 作者贡献:赵茹查阅相关文献、整理研究思路、设计研究方案、负责论文起草;韩晨、黄泽宇、王茜选取研究对象、在电子病历系统中收集数据;胡君负责数据的统计学分析、表格的绘制与展示;葛智娟提出研究目标、设计研究命题;毕艳负责研究过程的监督管理、指导论文并提供资助;沈山梅负责审核研究结果,指导论文修改,修订最终版本,并对论文负责。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82030026)

Correlation of Serum Uric Acid and Serum Uric Acid/Creatinine Ratio Levels with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Late Pregnancy

ZHAO Ru1, HAN Chen2, HUANG Zeyu2, WANG Qian2, HU Jun3, GE Zhijuan2, BI Yan2, SHEN Shanmei1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, China
    2. Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210003, China
    3. Department of Health Management Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi 214121, China
  • Received:2023-07-23 Revised:2023-10-15 Published:2024-03-20 Online:2023-12-19
  • Contact: SHEN Shanmei

摘要: 背景 孕期血清尿酸代谢紊乱与不良妊娠结局相关,但目前分析并比较血清尿酸及血清尿酸/肌酐水平在孕期不良妊娠结局中的关系研究较少。 目的 分析孕妇孕晚期血清尿酸及血清尿酸/肌酐水平与不良妊娠结局的关系。 方法 选取2015—2022年于南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院常规产检及生产的单胎活产孕妇743例为研究对象。根据是否发生不良妊娠结局,将孕妇分为正常组344例和不良结局组399例。分别以四分位数将血清尿酸及血清尿酸/肌酐分为3个水平:Q1(血清尿酸<257 μmol/L)、Q2(血清尿酸257~359 μmol/L)、Q3(血清尿酸>359 μmol/L)和q1(血清尿酸/肌酐<5.88)、q2(血清尿酸/肌酐5.88~7.94)、q3(血清尿酸/肌酐>7.94)。根据孕妇中位年龄,将孕妇分为年龄<30岁亚组(341例)及年龄≥30岁亚组(402例)。根据既往孕产次情况,将孕妇分为初产妇亚组(539例)及经产妇亚组(194例)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨血清尿酸及血清尿酸/肌酐水平与不良妊娠结局的关系。 结果 不良结局组孕妇年龄、BMI、血清尿酸、血清尿酸/肌酐、三酰甘油高于正常组(P<0.05)。校正混杂因素后,血清尿酸、血清尿酸/肌酐对不良妊娠结局影响的多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与Q1水平血清尿酸相比,Q3水平时子痫前期(AOR=4.41,95%CI=2.16~8.99)、宫内生长受限(AOR=3.59,95%CI=1.08~11.96)的发生风险增加(P<0.05);与q1水平血清尿酸/肌酐相比,q2、q3水平时子痫前期(AOR=2.33,95%CI=1.13~4.79;AOR=3.56,95%CI=1.68~7.56)的发生风险增加,q3水平时早产(AOR=2.76,95%CI=1.33~5.71)、宫内生长受限(AOR=5.15,95%CI=1.39~19.14)的发生风险增加,而q3水平时巨大儿(AOR=0.43,95%CI=0.19~0.98)、大于胎龄儿(AOR=0.38,95%CI=0.15~0.96)的发生风险降低(P<0.05)。血清尿酸、血清尿酸/肌酐在不同年龄亚组对子痫前期、早产的影响结果显示,与Q1水平血清尿酸相比,Q3水平在两个年龄亚组中子痫前期的发生风险均增加(P<0.05);与q1水平血清尿酸/肌酐相比,q2、q3水平在年龄≥30岁孕妇中子痫前期的发生风险增加(P<0.05)。血清尿酸、血清尿酸/肌酐在不同孕产次亚组对子痫前期、早产的影响结果显示,与Q1水平血清尿酸相比,Q3水平在初产妇中子痫前期的发生风险增加(P<0.05);与q1水平血清尿酸/肌酐相比,q2、q3水平在初产妇中子痫前期的发生风险增加,q3水平在初产妇中早产的发生风险增加(P<0.05)。 结论 高水平血清尿酸、血清尿酸/肌酐时子痫前期、宫内生长受限的发生风险均增加,其中子痫前期主要发生在年龄≥30岁的孕妇或初产妇中。高水平血清尿酸/肌酐时早产的发生风险增加,主要发生在初产妇中。血清尿酸/肌酐较血清尿酸预测的不良妊娠结局更多。

关键词: 孕妇, 妊娠结局, 尿酸, 尿酸/肌酐, 不良结局, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

The disorder of serum uric acid metabolism during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, while few studies have analyzed and compared the correlation of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective

To explore the correlation of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels with adverse pregnancy outcomes in late pregnancy.

Methods

A total of 743 pregnant women with singleton live births who were routinely examined and delivered at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2015 to 2022 were selected . Based on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, pregnant women were divided into normal group (344 cases) and adverse outcome group (399 cases) . Serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio were divided into three levels by quartiles, respectively, including Q1 (serum uric acid<257 μmol/L) , Q2 (serum uric acid 257-359 μmol/L) , Q3 (serum uric acid>359 μmol/L) and q1 (serum uric acid/creatinine ratio<5.88) , q2 (serum uric acid/creatinine ratio 5.88-7.94) , q3 (serum uric acid/creatinine ratio>7.94) . According to the median age of pregnant women, they were divided into the age subgroup<30 years old (341 cases) and age subgroup≥ 30 years old (402 cases) . Based on previous pregnancies and deliveries, they were divided into the primiparous subgroup (539 cases) and multiparous subgroup (194 cases) . The correlation of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels with adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by using multivariate Logistic regression.

Results

Pregnant women in adverse outcomes group were older with higher levels of BMI, serum uric acid, serum uric acid/creatinine ratio and triglycerides than those in the normal group (P<0.05) . After adjustment for confounders, the multivariate Logistic regression results of the effect of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio on adverse pregnancy outcomes showed that, compared to Q1 serum uric acid level, the risk of preeclampsia (AOR=4.41, 95%CI=2.16-8.99) and intrauterine growth restriction (AOR=3.59, 95%CI=1.08-11.96) increased at Q3 serum uric acid level (P<0.05) ; compared to q1 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level, the risk of preeclampsia (AOR=2.33, 95%CI=1.13-4.79; AOR=3.56, 95%CI=1.68-7.56) increased at q2 and q3 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio levels. Compared to q1 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level, the risk of preterm labor (AOR=2.76, 95%CI=1.33-5.71) and intrauterine growth restriction (AOR=5.15, 95%CI=1.39-19.14) increased, while the risk of macrosomia (AOR=0.43, 95%CI=0.19-0.98) and large for gestational age (AOR=0.38, 95%CI=0.15-0.96) decreased (P<0.05) . The results of the effect of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio on preeclampsia and preterm labor in different age subgroups showed that, compared to Q1 serum uric acid level, the risk of preeclampsia increased in both age subgroups at Q3 serum uric acid level (P<0.05) ; compared to q1 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level, the risk of preeclampsia increased among women aged≥30 years at q2 and q3 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level (P<0.05) . The results of the effect of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio on preeclampsia and preterm labor in different pregnancies and deliveries subgroups showed that compared to Q1 serum uric acid level, the risk of preeclampsia increased at Q3 serum uric acid level among primiparous women (P<0.05) ; compared to q1 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level, the risk of preeclampsia increased at q2 and q3 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level among primiparous women, as well as the risk of preterm birth at q3 serum uric acid/creatinine ratio level among primiparous women (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Elevated levels of serum uric acid and serum uric acid/creatinine ratio were associated with the risk of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, in which preeclampsia mainly occurred in pregnant women aged≥30 years or primiparous women. The risk of preterm labor was increased at high levels of serum uric acid/creatinine ratio, primarily in primiparous women. Serum uric acid/creatinine ratio predicted more adverse pregnancy outcomes than serum uric acid.

Key words: Pregnant women, Pregnancy outcome, Uric acid, Uric acid/creatinine ratio, Adverse outcomes, Root cause analysis