中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (31): 3919-3925.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0405

所属专题: 基层医疗资源配置最新文章合辑

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

突发公共卫生事件视域下北京市公共卫生人力资源建设现状研究

顾梅, 赵宁, 李进, 杨佳*()   

  1. 100069 北京市,首都医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-05 修回日期:2024-07-13 出版日期:2024-11-05 发布日期:2024-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨佳

  • 作者贡献:

    顾梅、杨佳负责研究设计、数据分析、论文撰写与修订;赵宁、李进参与研究设计、数据整理、论文修订;杨佳负责论文的质量控制,对论文整体负责。

  • 基金资助:
    北京市社会科学基金项目(22JCC124)

The Current Situation of the Building of Human Resources for Public Health in Beijing in the Context of Public Health Emergencies

GU Mei, ZHAO Ning, LI Jin, YANG Jia*()   

  1. School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
  • Received:2024-01-05 Revised:2024-07-13 Published:2024-11-05 Online:2024-08-16
  • Contact: YANG Jia

摘要: 背景 公共卫生人力资源建设是完善公共卫生体系、提高突发公共卫生事件应急处理能力的关键。 目的 分析突发公共卫生事件发生后北京市公共卫生人力资源建设现状、优势与不足,提出完善北京市公共卫生人力资源建设的对策建议。 方法 于2022年6—9月,从《北京市卫生机构人力基本信息调查表》《北京市社区卫生工作统计资料汇编》中收集2016—2021年的公共卫生人员数量及年龄、学历、职称等信息,分析突发公共卫生事件发生后北京市专业和基层公共卫生人力资源的数量、结构及配置情况。 结果 2019—2021年,北京市专业公共卫生机构公共卫生人员总数由15 157人增至16 048人,具有研究生学历的人员占比增长0.93个百分点,拥有高、中级职称的人员占比分别增长2.29、3.87个百分点;基层公共卫生人员总数由3 701人增至4 017人,具有本科及以上学历的人员占比增长5.36个百分点,拥有高、中级职称的人员占比分别增长0.72、1.70个百分点。2019—2021年,每万常住人口疾控力量配比由1.68人降至1.57人,每千常住人口专业公共卫生机构卫生人员数由0.70人增至0.73人,每万人口基层公共卫生人员数由1.72人增至1.84人。 结论 突发公共卫生事件发生后,北京市公共卫生人力资源总量增长,人员配备缺口尚存,公共卫生机构梯队建设强化,各机构人力资源质量不均衡,公共卫生人力职称结构趋于合理。建议明确公共卫生人员配置标准,补齐公共卫生人力资源缺口;优化公共卫生人才培养模式,提升公共卫生人力资源质量;完善公共卫生人力发展保障机制,吸引并留住人才。

关键词: 公共卫生, 卫生人力, 初级卫生保健, 人才结构, 北京

Abstract:

Background

The personnel building of public health is the key to improving the public health system and enhancing the emergency response capability of public health emergencies.

Objective

The study aims to analyse the status, advantages and deficiencies of human resources for public health in Beijing after public health emergencies. Then, the study put forward suggestions to optimise the construction of human resources for public health in Beijing.

Methods

The data on the sum of public health workforce, disaggregated by age, academic qualifications and job title, was collected from 2016 to 2021 Basic Information Survey on Manpower of Health Institutions in Beijing and the Compendium of Statistics on Community Health Work in Beijing. The data was collated between June and September in 2022 with the aims of analysing the sum, structure and configuration of human resources for professional and grassroots-level public health in Beijing in the context of public health emergencies.

Results

From 2019 to 2021, the sum of human resources for public health in Beijing's professional public health institutions increased from 15 157 to 16 048. Additionally, the percentage of those with postgraduate qualifications increased by 0.93 percent, while the percentage of those with senior and intermediate titles increased by 2.29 and 3.87 percent, respectively. The sum of human resources for public health at the grassroots level increased from 3 701 to 4 017. Among these, the percentage of those with bachelor's degree or above increased by 5.36 percent, while the percentage of those with senior and intermediate titles increased by 0.72 and 1.70 percent, respectively. And the ratio of CDC force per 10 000 population decreased from 1.68 to 1.57, the number of health personnel in professional public health institutions per 1 000 population increased from 0.70 to 0.73, the number of grassroots public health personnel per 10 000 population increased from 1.72 to 1.84.

Conclusion

After the public health emergency, the sum of human resources for public health has increased in Beijing, yet staffing gaps persist. The echelon of public health institutions has been reinforced, although the quality of human resources for public health in different institutions varies considerably. Furthermore, the structure of titles of human resources for public health is becoming more logical. It is recommended that public health staffing standards be clarified to fill the gap in human resources for public health. Furthermore, it is essential to enhance the training methodology for human resources for public health and elevate the calibre of them. Additionally, there is a need to refine the mechanism for ensuring the advancement of the human resources for public health, with the objective of attracting and retaining talent.

Key words: Public health, Health workforce, Primary health care, Qualified personnel structure, Beijing

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