中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (01): 42-49.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0607

所属专题: 睡眠问题专题研究 全科质控专项研究 老年问题最新文章合集

• 论著·人群健康研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

退而不休对我国老年人睡眠质量的影响研究

王德文1,2,3, 吴政宇1, 刘正奎2,3, 姜茂敏1, 张瑞泽1, 黄上萌4, 陈津瀚4,*()   

  1. 1.361000 福建省厦门市,厦门大学公共事务学院
    2.100103 北京市,中国科学院心理研究所
    3.100049 北京市,中国科学院大学心理学系
    4.361000 福建省厦门市,厦门大学附属第一医院
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-17 修回日期:2022-10-23 出版日期:2023-01-05 发布日期:2022-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 陈津瀚
  • 王德文,吴政宇,刘正奎,等.退而不休对我国老年人睡眠质量的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(1):42-49.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:王德文、吴政宇共同进行文章构思与设计;吴政宇负责论文初稿撰写、统计与结果分析、论文修订;刘正奎、黄上萌、陈津瀚参与研究的可行性分析;姜茂敏、张瑞泽进行数据收集和整理;王德文、陈津瀚进行英文修订;王德文负责文章质量控制;陈津瀚对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金项目--老年肌少症非药物干预及相关健康素养提升的作用机制研究(2022J011354); 国家自然科学基金资助项目--农村中老年人健康素养测评指标构建及健康素养提升研究(72074187)

Effect of Working after Retirement on Sleep Quality in Chinese Older People

WANG Dewen1,2,3, WU Zhengyu1, LIU Zhengkui2,3, JIANG Maomin1, ZHANG Ruize1, HUANG Shangmeng4, CHEN Jinhan4,*()   

  1. 1.School of Public Affairs, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
    2.Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100103, China
    3.Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4.The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
  • Received:2022-08-17 Revised:2022-10-23 Published:2023-01-05 Online:2022-11-24
  • Contact: CHEN Jinhan
  • About author:
    WANG D W, WU Z Y, LIU Z K, et al. Effect of working after retirement on sleep quality in Chinese older people [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (1) : 42-49.

摘要: 背景 我国将从轻度老龄化进入中度老龄化社会阶段,在国家积极老龄化战略与健康老龄化战略背景下,老年人的睡眠健康问题不容忽视。 目的 探讨退而不休对我国老年人睡眠质量的影响,为改善老年人睡眠质量提供相关参考。 方法 于2021年8月申请获取北京大学发布的中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年中≥60岁受试者(n=7 862)的退而不休与睡眠健康数据。按照退休后是否继续工作分为两组;按照国际睡眠医学有关中老年人睡眠健康的研究,将睡眠时长≤4 h与≥10 h定义为异常睡眠时长,将睡眠时长>4~<10 h定义为正常睡眠时长,将晚于23:00入睡定义为晚睡;按照个体对自身睡眠效率与效果的主观评价,将睡眠质量感知分为乐观感知与悲观感知。采用二分类Logistic回归模型探讨退而不休对睡眠时长、睡眠质量感知、入睡时点的影响。 结果 7 862例研究对象中,5 705例(72.56%)睡眠质量感知乐观,6 508例(82.78%)睡眠时长正常,7 464例(94.94%)入睡时间早于23:00(包含23:00),4 005例(50.94%)退而不休。二分类Logistic回归模型结果显示,控制年龄、性别、婚姻、学历、人格特征等因素后,退而不休使老年人睡眠质量感知更加积极〔OR(95%CI)=1.205(1.069,1.358)〕、睡眠时长相对更加健康〔OR(95%CI)=1.306(1.137,1.499)〕、入睡时点相对更早〔OR(95%CI)=1.596(1.253,2.033)〕,退而不休是老年人睡眠质量的保护性因素(P<0.05)。 结论 退而不休能够对老年人的睡眠质量产生保护作用。因此,应从政策层面支持并保障老年人退而不休的选择。

关键词: 老年人, 睡眠质量, 退而不休, 睡眠时长, 睡眠质量感知, 入睡时点

Abstract:

Background

Chinese aging population degree will transform mild to moderate. During addressing aging issues by proactive national strategies and healthy aging strategies, the sleep health of older peoplecannot be ignored.

Objective

To explore the effect of working after retirement on sleep quality in Chinese older people, providing relevant reference data for improving sleep quality in this group of people.

Methods

In August 2021, data of working after retirement prevalence and sleep health in subjects aged ≥60 years (n=7 862) were obtained from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted by Peking University with permission. They were divided into working after retirement and non-working after retirement groups by working after retirement prevalence. Normal sleep duration (within 4 to 10 hoursper night) , abnormal sleep duration (≤4 or ≥10 hours per night) , sleeping late (going to bed after 23 o'clock) in accordance with relevant diagnostic criteria used in international studies on sleep health in middle-aged and older people. Self-reported perceptions of sleep quality were classified into optimistic and pessimistic according to subjective evaluation of sleep efficiency and effect. Binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the effect of working after retirement on sleep duration, perception of sleep quality and the time to go to sleep.

Results

Among the subjects, 5 705 (72.56%) had optimistic sleep quality, 6 508 (82.78%) had normal sleep duration, and 7 464 (94.94%) went to sleep earlier than 23: 00, and 4 005 (50.94%) still worked after retirement. After controlling for age, gender, maritalstatus, education level, personality traits and other factors, working after retirement was associated with increased probability of higher optimism with sleep quality〔OR (95%CI) =1.205 (1.069, 1.358) 〕, more normal sleep duration〔OR (95%CI) =1.306 (1.137, 1.499) 〕, and earlier time to go to sleep〔OR (95%CI) =1.596 (1.253, 2.033) 〕.Working after retirement was associated with increased probability of good sleep quality (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

As working after retirement may be contributive to good sleep quality in older people, it should be supported and guaranteed by governmental policies.

Key words: Aged, Sleep quality, Reemployment after retirement, Sleep duration, Sleep perception, Bedtime