中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 4326-4331.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0513

• 论著·基层卫生服务工作研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基层医疗卫生机构居家护理服务的安全支持和医务人员服务意愿调查研究

高慧1, 刘素珍2,*(), 李航2   

  1. 1.610041 四川省成都市,四川大学华西护理学院/四川大学华西医院重症医学科
    2.610041 四川省成都市,四川大学华西护理学院/四川大学华西医院
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-13 修回日期:2022-09-14 出版日期:2022-12-05 发布日期:2022-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘素珍
  • 高慧,刘素珍,李航.基层医疗卫生机构居家护理服务的安全支持和医务人员服务意愿调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(34):4326-4331.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:
    高慧、刘素珍负责文章的构思与设计、研究的实施与可行性分析、数据收集、结果的分析与解释、论文撰写与修订、文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责,监督管理;高慧、刘素珍、李航负责数据整理、统计学处理;刘素珍负责英文的修订。
  • 基金资助:
    四川大学华西护理学科发展专项基金(HXHL19018)

The Safety Support and Willingness of Providing Home Care Services by Medical Staff of Primary Health Care Institutions

GAO Hui1, LIU Suzhen2,*(), LI Hang2   

  1. 1.West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Critical Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2022-07-13 Revised:2022-09-14 Published:2022-12-05 Online:2022-09-29
  • Contact: LIU Suzhen
  • About author:
    GAO H, LIU S Z, LI H. The safety support and willingness of providing home care services by medical staff of primary health care institutions[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (34) : 4326-4331.

摘要: 背景 人口老龄化趋势下,罹患多种慢性病的失能或半失能老年人对居家医疗护理服务需求迫切,但基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务存在较大的医疗风险和安全隐患,加强居家医疗护理服务的安全管理,有利于提高基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。 目的 调查基层医疗卫生机构对居家护理服务的安全支持情况和医务人员的服务意愿,为进一步推动居家医疗护理服务发展提供参考依据。 方法 2021年8—10月,采用便利抽样法在四川省五大经济区抽取49所基层医疗卫生机构的1 131例医务人员。自行设计调查问卷,以"问卷星"电子问卷的形式收集资料。问卷内容包括医务人员的一般情况(8个条目)、提供居家医疗护理服务的经历(2个条目)、医疗机构对医务人员的安全支持(7个条目)、医务人员的居家医疗护理服务意愿(1个条目)。比较不同特征医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿,采用二元Logistic回归分析医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿的影响因素。 结果 1 131例基层医务人员中,692例(61.18%)报告有过居家医疗护理服务的经历,193例(17.06%)报告在服务过程中发生过不良事件/安全事件,531例(46.95%)报告其所在医疗机构未评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,199例(17.60%)表示所在机构评估了医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,299例(26.44%)在居家医疗护理服务过程中使用APP定位系统,273例(24.14%)由机构配备报警、延迟预警等设备,807例(71.35%)表示居家医疗护理服务过程中没有获得所在机构内其他医务人员的支持措施,303例(26.79%)表示机构曾组织居家医疗护理服务的专项研讨活动,352例(31.12%)表示接受过有关居家医疗护理服务专项培训,853例(75.42%)表示愿意提供居家医疗护理服务。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,就职的基层医疗卫生机构类型,目前受聘的专业技术职称,医疗机构是否评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,在居家医疗护理服务过程中是否配备报警、延迟预警等设备,是否参加过有关居家医疗护理服务的专项培训,对医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿有影响(P<0.05)。 结论 现阶段居家医疗护理服务的安全支持不足,多种因素影响基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。基层医疗卫生机构应加强对患者接受居家医疗护理服务安全风险的评估,为提供居家医疗护理服务的医务人员配备报警、延迟预警等设备,积极举办居家医疗护理服务相关的专项培训并鼓励医务人员参加,以降低医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的风险,保障其人身安全。

关键词: 居家医疗护理, 基层医务人员, 职业安全, 安全支持, 服务意愿, 卫生保健措施, 社区保健

Abstract:

Background

With the trend of population aging, disabled or semi-disabled elderly people suffering from various chronic diseases have an urgent demand for home medical care services, but there are greater medical risks and safety hazards for primary health care workers to provide home medical care services, and strengthening the safety management of home medical care services is conducive to increasing the willingness of primary health care workers to provide home medical care services.

Objective

To investigate the safety support of home care services in primary health care institutions and the willingness of medical personnel to provide home care services, so as to provide a reference basis for further promoting the development of home medical care services.

Methods

From August to October 2021, 1 131 cases of medical personnel from 49 primary health care institutions in five economic regions of Sichuan Province were selected by convenience sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data in the form of an electronic questionnaire called "Questionnaire Star". The questionnaire included general information of medical staff (8 items) , experience of providing medical care at home (2 items) , safety support of medical staff by medical institutions (7 items) , and willingness of medical staff to provide home care (1 item) . The willingness of medical personnel to provide home medical care services was compared across different characteristics, and binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing medical personnel's willingness to provide home medical care services.

Results

Of the 1 131 primary care medical personnel, 692 (61.18%) reported experiences with home medical care services, 193 (17.06%) reported adverse events or safety events during the services, 531 (46.95%) reported that their medical institutions had not assessed the safety risks of patients receiving home medical care services, 199 (17.60%) reported that their institutions had assessed the safety risks of medical staff visiting the home, 299 (26.44%) reported that the app location system was used in the process of home services, 273 (24.14%) reported that medical staff equipped with devices such as alarms and delay warnings, 807 (71.35%) reported that they did not receive service support from other medical staff within their institutions during home medical care services, 303 (26.79%) and 352 (31.12%) indicated that the institution had organized special seminars on home medical care services and received special training on home medical care services, respectively, 853 cases (75.42%) of medical staff were willing to provide home medical care services. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the type of primary health care institution with which they worked, the professional and technical titles currently employed, assessing the safety risk of patients receiving home medical care services, using alarm and delayed warning devices during home medical care services, and attending special training on home medical care services had an effect on the medical staff's willingness to provide home medical care services (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

At this stage, the safety support for home health care services is insufficient, and various factors affect the willingness of primary health care workers to provide home health care services. Primary health care institutions should strengthen the assessment of the safety risks of patients receiving home medical care services, equip the medical personnel who provide home medical care services with alarm and delayed warning devices, and actively organize special training related to home medical care services and encourage medical personnel to participate, so as to reduce the risks of medical personnel who provide home medical care services and ensure their personal safety.

Key words: Home medical care, Primary medical personnel, Occupational safety, Safety support, Willingness to serve, Health care facilities, Community health